博士英语汉译英辅导
1) 汉语词义比较笼统，英语比较具体
出差 1.to go on an errand 2. business tour 3. I’m here on business 专家 1. expert (really good at one field) 2. specialist (more general) 3. physicist, biologist
2) 汉语表意模糊，英语表意准确 ( 汉语是人称主语，多用主动语态，无主句)
我妈妈是好人 My mother is a good woman
要是你妈妈看到你裤子破了，你准得吃苦头。
When you mother sees your torn trousers, you’ll be in for it.
春眠不觉晓，处处闻啼鸟。（主语）
Slumbering, I know not the spring dawn in peeping.
因为距离远。交通工具缺乏， 使农村社会与外界隔绝，这种隔绝，又由于通讯工具不足，而变得更加严重。
The isolation of the rural world because of distance and the lack of transport facilities is compounded by the paucity of the information media.
( poor version: Because there is a great distance and there are not enough transport facilities, the rural world is isolated. This isolation has become more serious because there are not enough information media)
农民缺乏训练，许多农场的生产率很低，这就使得大多数农村人口在国内外处于不利的地位。
Inadequate training for farmers and the low productivity of many farms place the majority of country dwellers in a disadvantageous position in their own countries.
我原打算今年一月分访华，后来不得不推迟，这使我非常失望。
It was a keen disappointment when I had to postpone the visit which I intended to pay to China in January.
2.汉译英的过程
a. 扑克牌打烂了。
The playing cards are already in shed.
b. 他的衣服穿烂了。
His clothes are worn-out.
c. 走一步看一步。
d. Take one step and look around before taking another.
e. 国际旅游年。
International Year of Tourism (travel x)
f. 世界风云 （电视栏目）
World Affairs Review
g. 她的节目不理想。
Her performance is not as well as one could wish.
h. 入世与否，队中国来说也是一个政治、面子、尊严问题。
For China. the WTO accession is also a political question, and a matter of self-respect and dignity.
i. 我们又见面了，看来咱们俩有点缘分呵
Nice to see you again. This is a small world.
j. 听君一席话，胜读实年书。
Your remarks are more inspiring (enlightening) than what I have read in ten years.
h.他们没有把谈内容向你们公开，只是向你们吹吹风。
They haven’t given you the whole story about the negotiations, but only a few scanty lines about them.
3.汉译英的基本策略
a. 我们搞社会主义才几十年，还处在初级阶段。
We have been building socialism for only a few decades and are still in the primary stage.
b. 发展才是硬道理。
Development is the absolute principle.
c. 依法查办大案、要案、惩处了一批分子。
Major and the key criminal cases were handled timely in accordance with the law and a number of corrupt officials were punished.
d. 促进整个经济由粗放经营想集约经营转变。
To bring about a change from extensive to intensive management of the economy as a whole.
a. 经济“过热”确实带来一些问题。比如，票子发得多了一点，物价波动大了一点。
The overheated economy had resulted in a number of problems. For instance, the issuance of too much currency had led to major price rises.
b. 对凭借行业垄断和某些特殊条件获得个人额外收入的必须纠正。
We must correct the malpractice of individuals obtaining extra incomes by taking advantages of sectoral monopoly and some special privileges.
c. 可以说，这个时期我国财富有了巨额增加，整个国民经济上了一个新的台阶。
It can be said that during this period, China’s wealth expanded considerably, and the economy as a whole was raised to a new level.
e. 我们的国家大。人口众多，经济落后，农业要搞上去。最重要的还是要依靠一系列正确的调动农民的积极性，自力更生，艰苦奋斗。
Agriculture advance in so vast a country, with such a large population and backward economy as in China, requires above all else mobilizing, by means of a series correct policies, the initiative of the farmers to work hard and self-reliantly.
a. 热烈欢迎世界各地客商来此进一步加强合作，建立和发展贸易关系。Customers
from various countries and regions are warmly welcome to establish and develop business contacts.
b. 在以经济建设为中心的前提下，努力使物质文明和精神文明建设相互促进，协调发展，防止克服一手硬，一手软。We should complement and coordinate the development of material progress，ethical and cultural progress as well as avoid emphasizing the former while neglecting the later under the premise of centering on economic development.
a. 该机是市场紧俏产品，既是音响又是精美的高档家具。This product has sold well since it entered the market, not only as an exquisite sounder, but also as a piece of high-grade furniture.
b. 旧中国的农业发展水平极为低下，有80％的人口长期处于饥饿状态，遇到自然灾害，更是饿蜉遍地。For long periods of time in the old days 80 percent of the population suffered from starvation or semi-starvation because of the extreme backwardness of agricultural production. Natural disasters nearly always resulted in widespread deaths from starvation.
c. 从这次讲座中，我们学到了许多美国历史方面的知识。We obtained much knowledge of American history from the lecture.
d. 近年来，中、泰两国国民经济发展迅速，为两国的经济、贸易合作提供了良好的基础。
In recent years the national economics of China and Thailand have quickly developed, providing a good foundation for economic and trade cooperation between the two countries.
Recent years have witnessed the rapid development of the national economics in China and Thailand, which has prepared for good economic and trade cooperation between the two countries.
a. 这日他比平日起得迟，看见她已经伏在洗脸台上擦脖子，肥皂的泡沫就如大螃蟹嘴上的水泡一般，高高的堆在两个耳朵后。Getting up later than usual, he saw his wife leaning over the wash-stand rubbing her neck, with bubbles like those emitted by great crabs heaped up over both her ears.
b. 旧历新年快来了。这是一年中的第一件大事。除了那些负债过多的人以外，大家都热烈地欢迎这个佳节的到来。The traditional Chinese Lunar New Year Holiday was fast approaching, the first big event of the year, and everyone, except those who owed heavy debts----which traditionally had to be paid off before the end of the year----was enthusiastically looking forward to it.
c. 王夫人打发人来唤宝钗。宝钗连忙过来，请了安。Summoned by Lady Wang, Baochai hurried over to pay her respects to her.
a. visitors.
到场的来宾中还有一些外宾。The guests present included some foreign
b. 我们已经试过各种可能的办法了。
We have tried every way possible.
c. 在太空中有各种肉眼看不见的波。
There are various kinds of waves invisible to the naked eye in the aerospace.
d. 专有技术许可合同。专有技术许可合同是指提供或者传授未公开过，未取得工业
产权法律保护的制造某种产品或者应用某项工艺以及产品设计，工艺流程、配方、质量控制和管理等方面的技术知识的合同。A contract for the licensing of proprietary technology. This type of contract refers to a contract which involves providing or imparting technical knowledge on the manufacturing of a certain product or the use of a certain area of knowledge, as well as information on product design, technological processes, formulas, quality control, management skills, etc., which has yet to be made public or has to receive the protection of industrial property laws.
a. 马克思主义运用历史唯物注意提示了人类社会发展的规律。It has uncovered
the law governing the development of human society by using historical materialism.
b. 他家住在北京市海淀区学院路182号。P201 cheng
He lives at 182 Xueyuan Road,Haidian District, Beijing.
c. 驾车经过这一地区真是太危险了！
It is dangerous to drive through this area!
