英语专四2019年真题和解析

-GRADEFOUR-PARTⅠ

DICTATION

TIMELIMIT:130MIN

[10MIN]

Listentothefollowingpassage.Altogetherthepassagewillbereadtoyoufourtimes.Duringthefirstreading,whichwillbedoneatnormalspeed,listenandtrytounderstandthemeaning.Forthesecondandthirdreading,thepassage,exceptthefirstsentence,willbereadsentencebysentence,orphrasebyphrase,withintervalsoffifteenseconds.Thelastreadingwillbedoneatnormalspeedagainandduringthistimeyoushouldcheckyourwork.YouwillthenbegivenONEminutetocheckthroughyourworkoncemore.WriteonANSWERSHEETONE.Thefirstsentenceofthepassageisalreadyprovided.Now,listentothepassage.SLANGWeoftenuseslangexpressionswhenwetalkbecausetheyaresovividandcolorful._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________PARTⅡLISTENINGCOMPERHESIONSECTIONATALK

[20MIN]

Inthissectionyouwillhearatalk.YouwillhearthetalkONCEONLY.Whilelistening,youmaylookatthetaskonANSWERSHEETONEandwriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachgap.Makesurewhatyoufillinisbothgrammaticallyandsemanticallyacceptable.Youmayusetheblanksheetfornote-taking.YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthegap-fillingtask.Now,listentothetalk.Whenitisover,youwillbegivenTWOminutestocheckyourwork.SECTIONBCONVERSATINS

Inthissectionyouwillheartwoconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,fivequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.BoththeconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenONCEONLY.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeaten-secondpause.Duringthepause,youshouldreadthefourchoicesof[A],[B],[C]and[D],andmarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWO.YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthechoices.Now,listentotheconversations.ConversationOneQuestions1to5arebasedonConversationOne.1.[A]Writer.[B]Wells.[C]WriterWells.[D]SusanWriterWells.2.[A]Shewasacareerwoman.[B]Shewasthenafeminist.[C]Shedidn’tlikehermaidenname.[D]Shetookherhusband’ssurname.3.[A]Shenamedherselfafterherprofession.[B]Shenamedherselfafterherhometown.[C]Shenamedherselfafteradayoftheweek.[D]Shenamedherselfafterhersculptor.4.[A]Itgiveswomengreaterequality.[B]Itisagoodsolutiontoanoldproblem.[C]Theproblemtroublingfeministsstillremains.[D]Thesurnameproblemhaspartlybeensolved.5.[A]HistoryofsurnamesinAmerica[B]Feministmovementinthe1960s.[C]TraditionalsurnamesinEurope.[D]Reasonsforininventionsurnames.ConversationTwoQuestions6to10arebasedonConversationTwo.6.[A]Areporterfromaweeklyprogram.[B]Anexecutivedirectorfromacompany.[C]Aguestonaweeklyprogram.[D]AmagazineeditorfromSanDiego.7.[A]Topreparealistofthingsthatyouhavedone.[B]Toletyourbossknowthatyouwantapayrise.[C]Toleteverybodyknowyourachievement.[D]Toshamelesslypromoteyourselftoyourboss.8.[A]Becausethebosshasthedataonyourwork.[C]Becauseitisunprofessionaltodoso.9.[A]Wecouldearnpraisefromourboss.[C]Thingschangequicklyinworksituations.10.[A]Websites.[C]Researchreports.[B]Becauseyouwillbegivenmoreworktodo.[D]Becauseothersmaylosetrustinyou.[B]Wemayforgetthegoodthingswe’vedone.[D]Thebosswillreviewourperformancedata.[B]Radioprograms.[D]Governmentdocuments.PARTⅢLANGUAGEUSAGE[10MIN]

Therearetwentysentencesinthissection.Beneatheachsentencetherearefouroptionsmarked[A].[B],[C]and[D].Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentenceoranswersthequestion.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEETTWO.11.Movingfrombeginningtoendbyorderoftime,narrationreliesonamorenaturalpatternoforganizationthan______.[A]willothertypesorwriting[B]doothertypesofwriting[C]onothertypesofwriting[D]othertypesofwriting12._______theattemptedrescuemission，thehostagesmightstillbealive.[A]Ifitnothadbeenfor[B]Ifhaditnotbeenfor[C]Haditnotbeenfor[D]Hadnotitbeenfor13.MembersoftheParliamentwerepoised_______aheadwithabilltoapproveconstructionoftheoilpipeline.[A]tomove[B]moving[C]tomoving[D]atmoving14.Writersoftencouplednarrationwithothertechniquestodevelopideasandsupportopinionsthatotherwise________abstract,unclear,orunconvincing.[A]mayremain[B]couldremain[C]musthaveremained[D]mighthaveremained15.Protocolwas________enabledhimmakedifficultwithouteverlookingback.[A]who[B]what[C]which[D]that16.Thewomanhadpersuadedhimtodo_______hewashirednevertodo—revealthecombinationforthelockontheentrance.[A]onething[B]suchonething[C]anyonething[D]theonething17.Thebadnewswasthathecouldbeaverydangerousperson________hechoosetobe.[A]should[B]could[C]might[D]must18.“Ifnotus,who?Ifnotnow,when?”Thesetwoquestionsareusedasa________.[A]signofanger[B]callforaction[C]refusaltochange[D]denialofcommitment19.Whatisthefunctionofthepresentprogressivein“Theyarealwayscallingmebythewrongname”?[A]Toexpressunfavorablefeelings.[B]Toalleviateunnecessaryhostility.[C]Toindicateuncertainty.[D]Todramatizeafact.20.“HarrywascompelledtoresignandtocomedowntoLondon,wherehesetupasanarmycoach”Therelativeclauseinthesentenceservesto________.[A]supplyadditionalinformationaboutLondon[B]describetheantecedent“London”[C]putrestrictionsontheidentityofHarry[D]narrateasequentialactiontakenbyHarry21.Agroup________casinoshasurgedofficialsnottograntalicensetoafacilityinthecity.[A]opposedto[B]objectedto[C]posedagainst[D]protestedagainst22.Afterthewar,heworkedonanislandinthePacific,helpingthenativesandmedical________understandeachother’sbehaviorandcultures.[A]faculty[B]persons[C]members[D]personnel23.Thesubjectofmannersiscomplex.Ifitwerenot,therewouldnotbesomany________feelingsandsomuchmisunderstandingininternationalcommunication.[A]injurious[B]injured[C]injuring[D]injury24.ToillustratethelimitsofFirstAmendmentfreespeech,manyhavenotedthattheConstitutiondoesnotgiveyoutherighttofalsely________“Fire!”inacrowdedtheater.[A]yelp[B]yank[C]yell[D]yield25.Thecompanyannouncedthatithasachieveditsmissiontocreatealocalfoodeconomythatis________toanyenvironment.[A]adoptable[B]amendable[C]alterable[D]adaptable26.AlthoughPattersonacknowledgesthedisappointingseasonhewiththeVikings,hehasnosecond________abouthowhewentabouthisbusiness.[A]thoughts[B]opinions[C]concerns[D]reasons27.Electroniccigarettesshouldbesubject________thesametaxesandlimitationsonpublicuseastraditionaltobaccoproducts.[A]about[B]at[C]to[D]on28.FCBarcelona,________themosticonicclubinworldsoccer,beatManchesterUnited2-0toclaimtheUEFAChampionsLeaguetitle.[A]controversially[B]arguably[C]debatably[D]finally29.Thestoresellsliquidvitamins________designedforchildrenunder3.[A]explicitly[B]specially[C]speculatively[D]specifically30.Thethreelaw________officersontheplanecametotherescueofafellowpassengerwhowasallegedlytryingtokillherself.[A]enforcement[B]reinforcement[C]imposition[D]coercionPARTⅣCLOZE[10MIN]

Decidewhichofthewordsgivenintheboxbelowwouldbestcompletethepassageifinsertedinthecorrespondingblank.ThewordscanbeusedONCEONLY.MarktheletterforeachwordonANSWERSHEETTWO.[A]daydream[F]inseparable[K]that[B]disagreement[G]lays[L]thinking[C]factually[H]making[M]thoughtfully[D]if[I]perspective[N]ultimately[E]inevitable[J]resides[O]wakeTosomethinkers,itismachinesandtheirdevelopmentthatdriveeconomicandculturalchange.Thisideaisreferredtoastechnologicaldeterminism.CertainlytherecanbenodoubtthatmachinescontributedtotheProtestantReformationandthedeclineoftheCatholicChurch’spowerinEuropeor________(31)televisionhaschangedthewayfamilymembersinteract.Thosewhobelieveintechnologicaldeterminismwouldarguethatthesechangesintheculturallandscapewerethe________(32)resultofnewtechnology.Butothersseetechnologyasmoreneutralandclaimthatthewaypeopleusetechnologyiswhatgivesitsignificance.This________(33)acceptstechnologyasoneofmanyfactorsthatshapeeconomicandculturalchange;technology’sinfluenceis________(34)determinedbyhowmuchpoweritisgivenbythepeopleandculturesthatuseit.This________(35)aboutthepoweroftechnologyisattheheartofthecontroversysurroundingthenewcommunicationtechnologies.Arewemoreorlesspowerlessinthe________(36)ofadvancessuchastheInternet,theWorldWideWeb,andinstantglobalaudioandvisualcommunication?Ifweareatthemercyoftechnology,theculturethatsurroundsuswillnotbeofour________(37)andthebestwecanhopetodoismakeourwayreasonablywellinaworldoutsideourowncontrol.Butifthesetechnologiesareindeedneutralandtheirpower________(38)inhowwechoosetousethem,wecanutilizethemresponsiblyand________(39)toconstructandmaintainwhateverkindofculturewewant.AsfilmdirectorandtechnophileSteveSpielbergexplained,“Technologycanbeourbestfiend,andtechnologycanalsobethebiggestpartypooperofourlives,Itinterruptsourownstory,interruptsourabilitytohaveathoughtor________(40),toimaginesomethingwonderful.”PARTⅤREADINGCOMPREHENSION[35MIN]

SECTIONAMULTIPLECHOICEQUESTIONSInthissectiontherearethreepassagesfollowedbytenmultiplechoicequestions.Foreachmultiplechoicequestion,therearefoursuggestedanswersmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].ChoosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswerandmarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEETTWO.PASSAGEONE(1)LifecanbetoughforimmigrantsinAmerica.AsaRomanianbankclerkinAtlantaputsit,tofindagoodjob“youhavetobelikeawolfintheforest—abletosmelloutthebestmeat.”Andifyoucan’tfindwork,don’texpectthetaxpayertobailyouout.UnlikeinsomeEuropeancountries,itisextremelyhardforanable-bodiedimmigranttoliveoffthestate.Alawpassedin1996explicitlybarsmostimmigrants,eventhosewithlegalstatus,fromreceivingalmostanyfederalbenefits.(2)ThatisonereasonwhyAmericaabsorbsimmigrantsbetterthanmanyotherrichcountries,accordingtoanewstudybytheUniversityofCalifornia.Theresearcherssoughttomeasuretheeffectofimmigrationonthenative-bornin20richcountries,takingintoaccountdifferencesinskillsbetweenimmigrantsandnatives,imperfectlabormarketsandthesizeofthewelfarestateineachcountry.(3)Theirresultsofferammunitionforfansofmoreopenborders.In19outof20countries,theauthorscalculatedthatshuttingthedoorsentirelytoforeignworkerswouldmakethenative-bornworseoff.Nevermindwhatitwoulddototheimmigrantsthemselves,whobenefitfarmorethananyoneelsefrombeingallowedtocrossborderstofindwork.(4)Thestudyalsosuggeststhatmostcountriescouldhandlemoreimmigrationthantheycurrentlyallow.InAmerica,aone-percentagepointincreaseintheproportionofimmigrantsinthepopulationmadethenative-born0.05%betteroff.Theoppositewastrueinsomecountrieswithgenerousorill-designedwelfarestates,however.Aone-pointriseinimmigrationmadethenative-bornslightlyworseoffinAustria,Belgium,Germany,Luxembourg,theNetherlands,SwedenandSwitzerland.InBelgium,immigrantswholosejobscanreceivealmosttwo-thirdsoftheirmostrecentwageinstatebenefits,whichmustmakethehuntforanewjoblessurgent.(5)Noneoftheseeffectswaslarge,butthestudyunderminestheclaimthatimmigrantsstealjobsfromnativesordragdowntheirwages.ManyimmigrantstakejobsthatAmericansdonotwant,thestudyfinds.This“smooths”thelabormarketandultimatelycreatesmorejobsforlocals.Native-ownedgrocerystoresdobetterbusinessbecausethereareimmigrantstopickthefruittheysell.IndiancomputerscientistshelpAmericansoftwarefirmsexpand.Apreviousstudyfoundthatbecauseimmigrantstypicallyearnlessthanlocalswithsimilarskills,theyboostcorporateprofits,promptingcompaniestogrowandhiremorelocals.41.IncreaseinimmigrationinAustriafailstoimprovelocals’lifemainlybecauseof________.[A]lowwagesforlocals[B]imperfectlabormarkets[C]thedesignofthewelfaresystem[D]inadequateskillsofimmigrants42.WhowillfavorthestudyresultsbyresearchersfromtheUniversityofCalifornia?[A]Peoplewhohavelegalstatus.[B]Peoplewhorunbusinesses.[C]Peoplewhoreceivestatebenefits.[D]Peoplewhoarewillingtoearnless.43.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthor’sattitudetowardimmigrantis________.[A]cautiouslyfavorable[B]slightlynegative[C]stronglynegative[D]quiteambiguousPASSAGETWO

(1)Therewassomethingintheelderlywoman’sbehaviorthatcaughtmyeye.Althoughslowgestures,andunsureofstepthewomanmovedwithdeliberation,andtherewasnohesitationinhergestures.Shewasasgoodasanyoneelse,hermovementssuggested.Andshehadajobtodo.(2)Itwasafewyearsago,andIhadtakenapart-timeholiday-seasonjobinavideostoreatthelocalshoppingmall.Frominsidethestore,I’dbeguntoseethepeoplerushingbyoutsideinthemall’sconcourseasariverofhumanity.(3)Theelderlywomanhadwalkedintothestorealongwithayoungerwomanwhoguessedwasherdaughter.Thedaughterwasdisplayingaseriouscaseofimpatience,rollinghereyes,huffingandsighing,checkingherwatcheveryfewseconds.Ifshehadpossessedaleash,hermotherwouldhavebeenfastenedtoitasameansoftuggingheralongtokeepstepwiththerushofothershoppers.(4)TheolderwomandetachedfromtheyoungeroneandbegantotickthroughtheDVDsonthenearestshelf.Aftertheslightesthesitation,IwalkedoverandaskedifIcouldhelpherfindsomething.Thewomansmiledupatmeandshowedmeatitlescrawledonacrumpledpieceofpaper.Thetitlewasunusualandabitobscure.Clearlyapersonlookingforitknewalittleaboutmovies,aboutquality.(5)RatherthanrushingofftolocatetheDVDforthewoman,IaskedhertowalkwithmesoIcouldshowherwhereshecouldfindit.Lookingback,IthinkIwantedtoenjoyhercompanyforamoment.Somethingaboutherdeliberatemovementsremindedmeofmyownmother,who’dpassedawaythepreviousChristmas.(6)Aswewalkedalongthebackofthestore,Inarrateditsfloorplan:oldtelevisionshows,actionmovies,cartoons,sciencefiction.Thewomanseemedgladoftheunrushedcompanyandcasualconversation.(7)Wefoundthemovie,andIcomplimentedheronherchoice.Shesmiledandtoldmeitwasoneshe’denjoyedwhenshewasherson’sageandthatshehopedhewouldenjoyitasmuchasshehad.Maybe,shesaidwithahintofwistfulnesshecouldenjoyitwithhisownyoungchildren.Then,reluctantly,Ihadtoreturntheelderlywomantoherkeeper,whowasstilltappingherfootatthefrontofthestore.(8)Iescortedtheolderwomantothequeueatthecashregisterandthensteppedbackandlingeredneartheyoungerwoman.Whentheolderwoman’sturninlinecame,shepaidincash,countingoutthedollarsandcoinswiththesamesurenessshe'ddisplayedearlier.(9)AsthecashiertuckedtheDVDintoaplasticbag,Iwalkedovertotheyoungerwoman.(10)“Isthatyourmom?”Iasked.(11)Ihalfwayexpectedhertotellmeitwasnoneofmybusiness.Butpossiblybelievingmetobetolerantofherimpatience,sherolledhereyesandsaid,“Yeah.”Therewasexasperationinherreply,halfsighandhalfgroan.(12)Stillwatchingthemother,Isaid,“Mindsomeadvice?”(13)“Sure,”saidthedaughter.(14)IsmiledtoshowherIwasn’tcriticizing.“Cherishher,”Isaid.AndthenIansweredhercuriousexpressionbysaying,“Whenshe’sgone,it’sthelittlemomentsthat’llcomebacktoyou.Momentslikethis.Iknow.”(15)Itwastrue.ImissedmymomstillandrememberedwithmelancholyclaritythemomentswhenI’dusedmyimpatiencetomakeherlifemiserable.(16)Theelderlywomanmovedwithherdeliberateslownessbacktoherdaughter’scustody.Togethertheymadetheirwaytowardthestore’sexit.Theystoodthereforamoment,sidebyside,watchingtherushoftheholidaycurrentandfortheirplaceinit.Thenthedaughterglancedoverandmomentarilyregardedhermother.Andslowly,almostreluctantly,sheplacedherarmwithapparentlyunaccustomedaffectionaroundhermother’sshouldersandgentlyguidedherbackintothecrowds.44.Whatdoes“shehadajobtodo”(Para.1)meanaccordingtothecontext?[A]Shehadaregularjobinthestore.[B]Shewasthinkingofwhattobuy.[C]Shewantedtoaskforhelp.[D]ShewantedtobuyaDVD.45.WhatdoesthetitleoftheDVDrevealaccordingtotheshopassistant?[A]Theelderlywomanhadsomeknowledgeaboutmovies.[B]Theelderlywomanlikedmoviesforyoungchildren.[C]Theelderlywomanpreferredmovieshersonliked.[D]Theelderlywomanlikedbotholdandnewmovies.46.Inthepassagetheelderlywoman’sdaughterisdescribedasbeing________.[A]impolite[B]uncaring[C]naive[D]miserly47.WhilelookingfortheDVDwiththeoldwoman,theshopassistantwas________.[A]hesitant[B]indifferent[C]frustrated[D]patientPASSAGETHREE

(1)Readingaward-winningliteraturemayboostyourabilitytoreadotherpeople,anewstudysuggests.ResearchersattheNewSchoolforSocialResearch,inNewYorkCity,foundthatwhentheyhadvolunteersreadworksofacclaimed“literaryfiction”,itseemedtotemporarilyimprovetheirabilitytointerpretotherpeople’semotions.Thesamewasnottrueofnonfictionor“popular”fiction,themystery,romanceandscience-fictionbooksthatoftendominatebestsellerlists.(2)Expertssaidthefindings,reportedonlineinScience,suggestthatliteraturemighthelppeopletobemoreperceptiveandengagedintheirlives.(3)“Readingliteraryfictionisn’tjustforpassingthetime.It’snotjustanescape,”saidKeithOatley,aprofessoremeritusofcognitivepsychologyattheUniversityofToronto.Italsoenablesustobetterunderstandothers,andthentakethatintoourdailylives.(4)Oatleywasnotinvolvedinthenewresearch,butworkedonsomeofthefirststudiestosuggestthatreadingliteraturecanboostpeople’sempathyforothers.Histeamhasfoundthatthosewhoreadalotoffictiontendtoshowgreaterempathyonstandardtests,butthesameisnottrueofavidnonfictionfans.(5)But,thestudybyOatleyandhisteamcannotprovethatliteratureboostsempathy—empatheticfolksmayjustbedrawntoreadingfiction,whereasthenewstudydoesoffersome“cause-and-effect”evidence,Oatleysaid.Forthestudy,researcherssetupaseriesoffiveexperimentsinwhichparticipantsreadeitherliteraryfiction,popularfiction,nonfictionornothingatallbeforetakingsomestandardtests.Oneofthetestsisknownas“ReadingtheMindintheEyes”.Peoplehavetolookatphotosofactors’eyes,andthenguesswhatemotionisbeingexpressedineach.Thetestisconsideredameasureofempathy.Overall,studyparticipantsfaredbetteronthetestafterreadingliteraryfiction,versustheotherthreeconditions.(6)Itwasasmallimprovement,accordingtotheprincipalresearcherDavidComerKidd,“It’snotliketalkingpeoplefroma(grade)‘C’toan‘A’,”hesaid.But,Kiddadded,theeffectwasseenafteronlyabout10minutes’reading,anditwasastatisticallystrongfinding,meaningit’sunlikelytohavebeenduetochance.(7)“Literary”fictionhasnohard-and-fastdefinition.SoKiddandhiscolleagueschosecontemporaryworksthathavewonorbeenfinalistsforoutstandingliteraryawards.Theyincluded“TheRoundHouse”,byLouiseErdrich,“SalvagetheBones”,byJesmynWardandtheshortstory“Corrie”byAliceMunro.And“popular”fictionincludedbest-sellerslike“GoneGirl”byGillianFlynn,andDanielleSteel’s“TheSinsoftheMother”.(8)What’ssospecialaboutliteraryfiction?“Forone,it’susuallymorefocusedoncharactersthanonplot,”Kiddnoted.Butbeyondthat,hesaid,thereisusuallynosingle“authoritativenarrator”whotakesusthroughthestory.“Itdemandsthatthereaderalmostbecomeawriterandfillinthegaps.Youreallyhavetothinkaboutthecharacters,”Kiddsaid.(9)Oatleyagreed.“AliceMunrodoesn’ttellyouwhattothink,”hesaid.“You,yourself,havetomakeinferencesaboutcharacters.Andthat’softenwhatwe’redoinginourreal-lifeconversations.”Oratleastthat’swhatpeoplecoulddo.(10)Readingliteraryfictioncouldalsoofferawayto“practice”yoursocialskillsandusethemmoreinreallife,accordingtoanotherresearchernotinvolvedinthestudy.“It’slikehowpilotstraininaflightsimulator,”saidRaymondMar,anassociateprofessorofpsychologyatYorkUniversity,inToronto,whohascollaboratedwithOatley.“Thisisagreatstudy,”Marsaidofthenewstudy.Butheaddedthattheoverallresearchinthisareais“stillinitsinfancy”andonekeyquestioniswhetherliteraryfictionreallyisbetterthanotherfiction.(11)Marandhiscolleaguesrecentlyfoundthatfansofromancenovelstendedtodobestontestsofempathy.Unlikethecurrentstudy,Mar’sstudydidnottestpeopleafterhavingthemreaddifferenttypesoffiction.Soit’spossiblethatthereissomethingelseaboutromance-novelreadersthatmakesthemmoreunderstandingofothers.(12)Still,accordingtoMar,it’stooearlytotellpeopletotradeintheirDanielleSteelforAliceMunro,atleastifthegoalisboostingempathy.(13)It’salsopossiblethatplays,moviesorevenTVshowscouldbuildyourempathymuscles,accordingtoKidd.Butreadingmaybespecial,hesaid,becauseitprovidesnovisualsandyouhavetoengageyourimaginationmore.(14)Everyoneagreedthatthefindingssuggestliteratureisimportantbeyondentertainmentorimprovingvocabulary.“There’sacommonbeliefthatreadingliteratureisfrivolous,ornotpractical,”Marsaid.“Butthere’sagrowingbodyofevidencethatit’simportantinskillsthatweneedinourlives.”48.Accordingtothenewstudy,whatkindofbooksarelikelytohelppeoplebetterunderstandothers’feelings?[A]Sciencefiction[B]Romancenovels[C]Literaryfiction.[D]Nonfiction.49.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECTaccordingtothepassage?[A]Oatleyandhiscolleagueswereinvolvedinthenewstudy.[B]Marandhisteamalsotestedpeopleafterreadingfiction.[C]Kiddandhisteamhadpeoplereadprestigiousfiction.[D]Kiddandhisteamwereuncertainabouttheirstudyresults.50.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaspecialfeatureofliteraryfiction?[A]Morefocusoncharacterdescription.[B]Presenceofanauthoritativenarrator.[C]Demandonreaders’abilitytoinfer.[D]Presenceofreaders’empatheticfeelings.SECTIONBSHORTANSWERQUESTIONS

InthissectiontherearefiveshortanswerquestionsbasedonthepassagesinSectionA.AnswerthequestionswithNOMORETHANTENWORDSinthespaceprovidedonANSWERSHEETTWO.PASSAGEONE51.Whatdoesthestatement,“...don’texpectthetaxpayertobailyouout.”mean?(Para.1)PASSAGETWO52.WhydidtheshopassistantleadtheelderlywomantofindtheDVDinsteadoffindingitforher?53.WhatdoesthelastsentenceinPara.16implyaboutthedaughter’sattitudetowardshermother?PASSAGETHREE54.Whatarethetwomainadvantagesofreadingliteraryfictionaccordingtothepassage?55.Whyisreadingspecialwhencomparedwithplaysandmovies?PARTⅥWRITING[45MIN]

ReadcarefullythefollowingexcerptandthenwriteyourresponseinNOLESSTHAN200words,inwhichyoushould:1)summarizethemainmessageofthereport,andthen2)commentonBrewer’sviewthatparentsshouldjoininwiththeirkidsratherthanlimittheirmediaconsumption.Youcansupportyourselfwithinformationfromthereport.Markswillbeawardedforcontentrelevance,contentsufficiency,organizationandlanguagequality.Failuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks.WriteyourresponseonANSWERSHEETTHREE.Howmuchscreentimeistoomuchforkids?Parentshavebeenadvisedtolimitmediaconsumptionoftheirchildren,butresearchsuggestsit’sthenatureofitthatmatters.Formanyparentsinthedigitalage,battleswiththeirkidsoverscreentimeanddeviceshavebecomeadepressingpartoffamilylife.Manyparentswillnowberelievedtohearthatrecentresearchsuggeststhatit’snotsomuchthelength,butthenatureofthescreentimethatmatters.JocelynBrewer,apsychologistwhospecializesintheconceptof“digitalnutrition”,likensmediadietstowhat’sonourplates:ratherthancountingcalories(orscreentime),thinkaboutwhatyou’reeating.“It’snotjustaboutwhetheryouconsumeanypotentialdigitaljunkfoods,butalsoyourrelationshiptotechnologyandtheroleitplaysinyourfamilylife,”saysBrewer.Foryoungchildren,themostimportantthingiswhetherparentsandkidsareplaying,watchingorbrowsingtogether.Astudyof20,000parentspublishedlatelastyearbytheOxfordInternetInstituteandCardiffUniversitydeterminedthattherewasnocorrelationbetweenlimitingdeviceuseandchildren’swell-being.Thestudy’sleadauthorDrAndrewPryzbylskisaid:“Ourfindingssuggestthebroaderfamilycontexthowparentssetrulesaboutdigitalscreentime,andifthey’reactivelyengagedinexploringthedigitalworldtogether,aremoreimportantthantherawscreentime.”“Theconsensusisthatscreentime,inandofitself,isnotharmful—andreasonablerestrictionsvarygreatly,dependingonachild’sbehaviorandpersonality.Thereislittlepointinworryingabouthowmanyminutesadayyourkidsarespendingwithscreens,”saysBrewer.“Instead,parentsshouldbedoingwhattheycantoensurethatwhatthey’rewatching,playingandreadingishigh-quality,age-appropriateandsafe—andjoininginwhereverpossible.”——THEEND——ANSWERSHEET1(TEM4)

PARTⅡLISTENINGCOMPREHENSIONSECTIONATALK下列各题必须使用黑色字迹签字笔在答题区域作答，超出矩形边框限定区域的答案无效。RevisionofEssayDraftsTheinitialrevisionshouldfocusontheessayasawhole.Thefirststep:(1)________theroughdraft—containingtoolittleortoomuchmaterial—discussingthingsunrelatedto(2)________howtorevise—provide(3)________toconvinceyourreaders—eliminateunrelatedmaterial(1)__________________(2)__________________(3)__________________Thesecondstep:revisefororganizationgroupsimilarideasintheproperorderproduceanoutlinefromthedrafttocheck(4)________Thethirdstep:reviseforlengthmindthestatedlengthstickto(5)________Revisefor(6)________oftheessay(7)________bybreakingupsomelongersentencesuseshortsentencestomakeimportantpointsuselongsentencesto(8)________eliminate(9)________expressionsusefreshandinterestingdescriptionswritewith(10)________asmuchaspossiblewriteintheactivevoice(4)__________________(5)__________________(6)__________________(7)__________________(8)__________________(9)__________________(10)__________________