2019-2020年中考英语试题解析版汇编 单项选择-主谓一致

【基础知识】

一个句子的谓语动词在人称和数上与主语必须一致。一般规则如下：

1）主语是单数必须跟单数形式的动词，主语是复数则跟复数形式的动词： I am thirteen. 我13岁了。

Everybody is ready.每个人都在准备。 We are very busy.我们非常忙。

The pencil is in the pencil－box.铅笔在铅笔盒里。

2）两个或两个以上的单数名词由连接起来作并列主语时，谓语动词用复数： Tom and Jim are good friends. Tom和Jim是好朋友。

如果and连接的两个名词表示一个概念时，动词用单数形式： A singer and dancer is coming.一个歌手兼舞蹈演员要来。

3）时间、度量等名词做主语时，常看成一个整体，谓语动词用单数。 Ten kilomiles is very long to me.十公里对我来说太长了。

4）family, class等集体名词作主语时，如作为整体看待，谓语动词用单数；如作为个体看待，则用复数：

The family is very big.那个家庭非常大。

Our family are watching TV.我家成员都在看电视。

5）构成主语的各并列部分由or，nor，either--or，neither--nor，或not only--but also等连接时，谓语动词应和离它最近的那个部分的人称和数相一致，即“临近原则”：

Not only the students but also the teacher is going to the cinema.不仅学生们老师也打算去剧院。

There is a desk and two chairs in the room.屋子里有一张桌子和两把椅子。 6）news，mathspolites, physics, works等词，形式上是复数，意义却是单数，谓语动词用单数；people, police等词，形式上是单数，意义却是复数。

Here is the news.新闻在这儿。

Maths is not easy to learn.数学不容易学。

People here are very friendly.这儿的人都非常友好。

The police are running after the thief.们正在贼的后面追。 7）非谓语动词或从句做主语时，谓语动词用单数。

Is watching TV bad or good for your health?看电视对你的健康是好还是坏？ What you told me is wrong.你告诉我的是错误的。

8）Chinese，French，English，Japanese等名词作主语表示语言时，用单数动词；表示人时，用复数动词。

English is spoken in many countries.英语在许多国家使用。 The Chinese are very friendly.中国人民非常友好。

Neither Mary nor Tom knows anything about it. Mary和Tom都不知道这件事。 9）不定代词each，either，neither，another，以及包含every，some，any, no的合成不定代词，在意义上都属于单数。它们作主语时，谓语动词用单数；few, a few, both, many, others作主语(或修饰名词做主语)时，谓语动词用复数。不定代词all, some, none, any作主语时，身兼两职，视意义而定。

Neither of us is a teacher.我们两个都不是老师。 One of them is from Beijing.他们中的一个来自北京。

Many boys love football.许多男孩子喜欢足球。

Few of people live over 120.很少有人寿命超过120岁。

Both of these books are written in English.这两本书都是用英语写的。 Some of the bags are made of cotton.其中的一些包是用棉花制造的。 Some of the food is in the plate.一些食物在盘子里。

All the water are in the big pool.所有的水都在一个大的池子里。

10）of 短语做主语，谓语动词视情况而定。当kind of, box of, glass of, bottle of 等表确定数量的名词短语修饰名词时，谓语动词与kind, pair, box, glass, bottle等名词形式一致。plenty of, a lot of (lots of),a number of等不定代词修饰名词时，谓语动词与被修饰的名词一致。

Two pairs of shoes are bought yesterday.两双鞋子昨天被买走。 Several boxes of orange are on the table.几箱桔子在桌子上。 A lot of people are learning English now.一些人现在正在学外语。

A number of students have their own computer.一些学生有他们自己的计算机。 11)population 做主语，谓语动词用单数。

What's the population of Beijing now?北京的人口现在是多少？

【真题荟萃】

【2011广安市】33. －How much is the pair of shoes? －Twenty dollars ____ enough. A. is B. are C. am 答案：A

【解析】考查be动词的用法。根据文意，twenty dollars看成一个整体，表示单数概念，故用is。

【2011•兰州】32. — I have changed my job. —

A. So do I B. So have I C. So I do D. So I have 答案：B

【解析】倒装句的用法。答句意为“我也改变了工作”，上句是由have构成的完成时态，因此答句由have/ has构成完全倒装句，因此选B。 【2011山东德州】27. －I haven’t seen the film Pirates of the Caribbean: On stranger Tides.

－___________.

A. Neither have I B. So have I C. Neither I have D. So I have 答案：A

【解析】考查倒装句。Neither+系动词（助动词或情态动词）＋主语表达否定，意为“另一者也不……”。So+系动词（助动词或情态动词）＋主语，表示 “另一者也……”。根据句意“我从没看过电影《加勒比海盗：惊涛怪浪》可知，答语为“我也没看过”，故选A。 【2011浙江衢州】28. One of my friends _______moved to America. I miss her so much. A.has B. have C. is D. are 答案：A

【解析】现在完成时。我的一个朋友搬到美国了，我很想念她。后一句是前一句的影响和后

果，因此用现在完成时；主语是one，用单数。

(2011 湖南衡阳 ) 31.—Do you like your new T–shirt?

—Yes. Not only I but also my mother ___________ it.

A. likes B. like C. doesn’t like 答案：A

【解析】连词考查。Not only-------but also谓语动词的确定是临近原则。 (2011 湖南衡阳) 26.—Peter, I will visit our teacher this Sunday.

— .Let’s go together.

A. Nor do I B.I will so C. So will I 答案：C

【解析】考查倒装句。So+系动词（助动词或情态动词）＋主语，表示 “另一者也……”。 【2011山东】23. - What can you see in the picture?

- I can see a farm. And there ______ a lot animals on it.

A. is B. are C. will be D. be 23. 答案：B 【解析】考查点：本题考查there be句型的用法。解题思路：动词be单复数形式要跟there be之后的真正的主语一致。本题there be之后的真正的主语是复数animals，故本题选择B。

【2011湖北黄石】34. The head teacher with his students _______Teanchengshan Park if it _______tomorrow.

A. is going to; isn’t rainy B. are going to; isn’t rainy C. is going to; won’t rain D. are going to; doesn’t rain 答案： A

【解析】主谓一致和状语从句。The head teacher为主语，with后面的不是主语，所以应为第三人称单数；if后用一般现在时表将来的意思。 【2011广东】37. —David, there _____ a dictionary and some books on your desk. Please put them away.

—OK. Mum. I’ll do it right away.

A. is B. are C. has D. have 答案：A 【解析】本题考查there be句型的就近原则。There be后面接并列名词时，谓语动词 be 应与最邻近的名词在数上保持一致, 首先排除C、D项。又因为句中的名词为单数a dictionary，由此可排除B项。故选A。

【2011四川德阳】8. – Physics _____ more difficult than Chinese, do you think so? -- Yes, I think so.

A. is B. are C. has 答案： A

【解析】本题考查系动词的用法。句意“物理比中文难学多了，你也这样认为吗？”。可知Physics在此作为一门学科，应用单数形式is，故选A。

【2011乌鲁木齐】32. _ Lily _ Lucy is going with you because one of them must slay at home.

A. Not only；but also B. Neither; nor C. Both; and D. Either; or 【答案】D

【解析】连词的考察Not only；but also “不但……而且”； Neither; nor “既不……也不”

Both; and “……和……”；Either; or“或者……或者”，由下文“他们中的一个必须呆在家里”，可知“或者露西或者莉莉与你一起去”

【2011广东深圳】6. — He, together with his parents ______going to visit Shanghai in July. How about you?

— I'm afraid I have to stay at home _ _.

A. are; on my own B. is, by myself C. is; by my own D. are; on myself 答案：B

【解析】考查主谓一致与by oneself的用法。介词with后的谓语动词应和它前面的主语he一致，故A,D错。by oneself是“独自”的意思。故选择B。

(2011湖南岳阳中考)21.There a football match on CCTV-5 at nine tomorrow evening.

A. will have B. is going to be C. is having

解析：本题考查倒装句。There be句型表示“某地有某物”或“某时有某人”；have“有”，指人有，故答案选B。

【2011广西贵港】34.—I hope the summer vacation will come soon.

—_______.It’s really relaxing.

A. So I did B. So I do C. So did I D. So do I

答案：D【解析】考查点：so引导的倒装句。解题思路：根据答句中“它真的非常轻松”可判定答语表示“我也希望”，后者与前者的所表示的内容一样时，用倒装句so+助动词+主语，且本句的时态是一般现在时态，故选D。 【真题考场】

1、【2011•铜仁】31. Neither my father nor my mother ________ rock music. They think that it’s too ______.

A. like; noise B. likes; noise C. like; noisy D. likes; noisy 2、【2011湖北黄冈】44. —My brother and I will go to the library tomorrow. —_____. Shall we go together?

A. So I do B. So do I C. So will I D. So I will 3、【2011上海】48. There _____ still some milk in the fridge. It’s not necessary to go to the store today.

A) am B) is C) are D) be

4、【2011四川德阳】14. – It’s an exciting movie. I’ve just seen it. -- _____.

A. So do I B. So I have C. So have I

5、【2011湖北荆州】 28. —Peter shut his mouth at the meeting all the time. How about Tom? —

A. He does so B. He did so C. So does he

6、【2011•广西柳州】45.—Mr Brown is a hardworking man and he has achieved great success.

—_________

A. So is Mr Green. B. So has Mr Green. C. It’s the same with Mr Green.

7、【2011四川资阳】22. Each of the girls here __________ to the West Lake twice. A. have gone B. have been C. has gone D. has been 8、【2011乌鲁木齐】26. There _ going to be a basketball match this afternoon. A. are B. is C. have D. will

9、【2011乌鲁木齐】31. — Did you go to Nancy's birthday party last night? —Yes. I did.

A. So did Tim B. So Tim did C. Tim did so D. Tim went so 10、【2011河源】45.—My mother likes reading.

—__________.

A. So Lily’s mother does B. So does Lily’s mother C. So Lily’s mother is D. So is Lily’s mother

11、【2011安徽】49. Hey, Nick. comes the last bus! Hurry up, or we'll have to walk home.

A. This B. There C. That D. It 12、【2011阜康】32. Andy’s mother told her to pour the waste, ______.

A. so she does B. so it is C. so did she D. and so

she did

13、【2011四川绵阳】16. The number of books in the bookshop is about 10,000 and a number of them

about science.

A. is B. was C. are D. Were

14、【2011安徽芜湖】47. —Zhou Ming likes reading English magazines.

—_______. It’s good for English learning.

A. So do I B. So am I C. So I do D. So I am

15、【2011山东德州】27. －I haven’t seen the film Pirates of the Caribbean: On stranger Tides. －___________.

A. Neither have I have

B. So have I C. Neither I have D. So I 【答案解析】

1、【2011•铜仁】31. Neither my father nor my mother ________ rock music. They think that it’s too ______.

A. like; noise B. likes; noise C. like; noisy D. likes; noisy

答案：D

【解析】考查主谓一致和词语辨析。 neither...nor...“既不……，也不……”，连接两个主语时，其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，既\"就近原则\"。本句的谓语动词由“my mother”来决定，用likes；noise 是名词\"噪音\"，noisy是形容词：聒噪的嘈杂的，根据句意可推断应为“聒噪的嘈杂的”，故选D。

2、【2011湖北黄冈】44. —My brother and I will go to the library tomorrow. —_____. Shall we go together?

A. So I do B. So do I C. So will I D. So I will 答案：C

【解析】倒装句。“so+助动词+主语”表示“某人也是”。故选C。

3、【2011上海】48. There _____ still some milk in the fridge. It’s not necessary to go to the store today.

A) am B) is C) are D) be 答案：B

【解析】考查点：there be结构的临近原则。 解题思路：这是一个there be结构的句子，离系动词be最近的是不可数名词milk，故根据临近原则，正确答案选B；

4、【2011四川德阳】14. – It’s an exciting movie. I’ve just seen it. -- _____.

A. So do I B. So I have C. So have I

答案： C

【解析】本题考查So的替代结构。So I do,意为“的确如此”、“是这样”，前后主语要一样。So do I表示某某“也同样”，前后主语不一样。do可以是连系动词、情态动词或助动词，且必须与上句中的谓语动词保持时态的一致。句意为“它是个令人兴奋的电影，我刚看过”“我也是”。前后主语不一致，故排除B。前句助动词为have,排除A。故选C。 5、【2011湖北荆州】 28. —Peter shut his mouth at the meeting all the time. How

—

B. He does so 【答案】Ｄ

【解析】“So+助动词+主格代词”表示前者的情况也适合与后者，故答案选D。

6、【2011•广西柳州】45.—Mr Brown is a hardworking man and he has achieved great success.

—_________

A. So is Mr Green. B. So has Mr Green. C. It’s the same with Mr Green. 答案C

【解析】考查倒装句的用法。当表示前面所说的话也适合后面的人或物时，要用倒装句式：“so+谓语+主语”，但当前句话所说的既有人又有事情的句子时，用“It is the same with+主语”的结构。故选C。

7、【2011四川资阳】22. Each of the girls here __________ to the West Lake twice. A. have gone B. have been C. has gone D. has been 答案：D

【解析】考查了近义词组的辨析及主谓一致。 Each在句中作主语，谓语动词用单数形式，排除A、B。has gone to “去了”，还没有回来；has been to“去过”，已经回来了。句意为“每个学生去过西湖两次”。故选D。

8、【2011乌鲁木齐】26. There _ going to be a basketball match this afternoon. A. are B. is C. have D. will 【答案】B

【解析】主谓一致的考察 在there be句型中be与后面的真正主语保持一致，a basketball match单数形式，故用is。

9、【2011乌鲁木齐】31. — Did you go to Nancy's birthday party last night? —Yes. I did.

A. So did Tim B. So Tim did C. Tim did so D. Tim went so 【答案】A

【解析】特殊句式 So+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语。表示前面叙述的情况也适合后者。 10、【2011河源】45.—My mother likes reading.

—__________.

A.So Lily’s mother does B.So does Lily’s mother C.So Lily’s mother is D.So is Lily’s moter 答案：B

11、【2011安徽】49. Hey, Nick. comes the last bus! Hurry up, or we'll have to walk home.

A. This B. There C. That D. It 答案：B

【解析】选B。考查倒装句。此处表示，“最后一辆汽车在那儿。”，以here/there开头的句子，主语是名词，通常完全倒装。故选B。

12、【2011阜康】32. Andy’s mother told her to pour the waste, ______.

A. so she does B. so it is C. so did she D. and so she did 答案： D

【解析】倒装句式。So+助动词/情态动词+主语意为“……也是这样”；So+主语+助动词/情态动词意为“……的确如此”。根据句意：安迪的母亲让她去倒垃圾，她的确这样做了。另外时态为一般过去式，故助动词选择did。

13、【2011四川绵阳】16. The number of books in the bookshop is about 10,000 and a number of them

about science.

B. is B. was C. are D. Were

答案：C

【解析】考查动词的用法。依据第一句中的谓语动词“is（一般现在时）”可推断出第二句的时态也应是一般现在时，故保留A和C项；由短语“a number of...”的谓语动词是复数，故选C。

14、【2011安徽芜湖】47. —Zhou Ming likes reading English magazines.

—_______. It’s good for English learning.

A. So do I B. So am I C. So I do D. So I am 答案：A

【解析】倒装句。So +助动词/ be/ 情态动词+主语，意为“主语也…”；根据第一句中的likes可判断出应当用助动词do。故A为正确答案。

15、【2011山东德州】27. －I haven’t seen the film Pirates of the Caribbean: On stranger Tides. －___________.

A. Neither have I B. So have I C. Neither I have D. So I have 答案：A

【解析】副词的用法。so＋系动词（助动词或情态动词）＋另一主语。此句型是主谓倒装结构，表示前句所述肯定情况也适用于另一主语。其中so作“也这样；也如此”解。so用于肯定句，否定句则用neither。根据句意可知，应该是否定形式，故答案为A。