2020中考英语英语语法总复习直接引语间接引语

直接引语(Direct Speech)就是原封不动地引用原话,即重复,要把它放在引号内。间接引语(Reported Speech)或者(Indirect Speech)是用自己的话转述别人的话,不用引号。例如:The girl said, \"I am mad at Marcia.\"(Direct Speech) 女孩说:\"我对玛西娅十分恼火。\"The girl said she was mad at Marcia. (Indirect Speech)女孩说她对玛西娅十分恼火。 直接引语变间接引语的方法:

1. 陈述句:主语+引述动词+that/to me+引导的宾语从句 Sandy said, \"I can have the school party at my home.\" Sandy said that she could have the school party at her home. 2.一般疑问句:主语+引述动词+if/ whether 引导的宾语从句

The teacher asked the girl student, \"Are you sure your answer is right?\" The teacher asked the girl student if she was sure her answer was right. 3.特殊疑问句:主语+引述动词+疑问词引导的宾语从句 Mother asked, \"What kind of fruit do you like?\" Mother asked me what kind of fruit I liked. 4.祈使句:

肯定句变为:主语+引述动词ask/tell/order等+ sb. to do sth. 否定句变为:主语+引述动词ask/tell/order等+ sb. not to do sth. He said, \"Please keep quiet, children.\" He asked the children to keep quiet.

从上述四种句式的变化可以看出直接引语变间接引语在语序、时态、人称等多方面都要发生变化,下面的小结可能对你有点帮助:

直变间,要变全；一变人称和时态；二变时间和地点；语序、动词要全面； 请把下表记心间： 变化 引语

指示代词 时间

地点 动词 直 接 引 语 变

间 接 引

语 this—that these—those now---then today--- that day tomorrow—the next day this year—that year

yesterday—the day before last next week—the next week

last semester---the semester before last said to sb.---told sb.

引述词为过去时态 直接引语

间接引语

here--there come—go

一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般过去时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 注意:

直接引语变间接引语的变化虽然有规律可循,但要视具体情况而定,例如:

\"I was born in 1992 in Qiqihar.\"said he. He said (that) he was born in 1992 in Qiqihar.

在上述间接引语中in 1992 已表示事情发生的具体时间,可以清楚看出间接引语的时态先于主句(引述)动词,所以动词不需要变化。

综上所述,直接引语变间接引语除祈使句外,其它三种句式都构成了宾语从句。祈使句构成了动词不定式作宾语补足语。在使用时,我们要灵活掌握。