江苏高考英语阅读理解：细节理解题讲解及训练word版含答案

江苏 2017 高考英语阅读理解 --细节理解题讲解及训练（含答案）

阅读理解解题指导

阅读理解素来都是高考英语试卷中难度最大、 区分度最高的题型， 它要求考生理解文章的主旨和要义；理解文中的详尽信息；依照上下文推断生词的词义；理解文章的基本结构；理解作者的妄图、见解和态度 等。下面我们来商议一下高考阅读理解的解题思路。

阅读理解 ---- 【细节理解题】

细节理解题主要观察考生对阅读资料中某一特定细节或文章的主要事实的理解能力。它的设题方式主要有以下两种：

1. 以 what, who, which, when, where, why, how

物、人物、时间、地点、原因

等特别疑问句的方式来提问，针对文章中的详尽事

( 目的 ) 、方式等来设问观察。解这类题时，大家可以带着问题去阅读文章，

:

最后采用“对号入座”的方法，把原文信息跟后边的题目比较，最后确定出正确答案。如

真题摘选【 1】 (2013 江苏卷 D篇 )

I say clever because anti-slavery fiction had been the important part of the literature in

the years before the Civil These early stories

War. H. B. Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin is

with slavery.

only the most famous example.

Twain planted his attacks

dealt directly With minor exceptions,

on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else entirely. He drew his readers into the argument by drawing them into the story. 65. How do Twain ’s novels on slavery differ from Stowe

A. Twain was more willing to deal with racism. B. Twain ’s attack on racism was much less open. C. Twain ’s themes seemed to agree with plots. D. Twain was openly concerned with racism.

’s?

解析：依照文中信息， Stowe的小说正面抨击奴隶制问题，

族歧视，可见马克 ? 吐温对种族歧视的抨击不那么公开。 【实战演练】阅读理解

而马克 ? 吐温则经过故事来抨击奴隶制和种

Part of a research study ， by scientists at McMaster university ，which is ongoing into the influence

， has observed that of drinking milk after heavy weightlifting milk helps exercisers burn more fat. The scientists took three groups of young men 18 to 30 years of age,56 in total ， and put them through

， study a strict ，five - day- per - week weightlifting program over a 12 - week their workouts

participants drank either two cups of skim milk ( 脱脂奶 ) ， or a soy beverage with equivalent amounts of protein and energy ， or a carbohydrate beverage ( 碳酸饮料 ) with an equivalent amount of energy. Upon the study ’s conclusion

， scientists observed that

： the milk drinking group had lost nearly

— two pounds — as those in the carbohydrate beverage group ， who lost one pound twice as much fat

of drinking soy lost no the same time ，the gain in muscle was much greater among the milk drinkers than either the soy or carbohydrate beverage participants.

， the milk drinking group came out on top in terms As published in the first stage of the study

of muscle gain with an estimated 40 percent or pounds more muscle mass than the soy beverage addition ，this group gained 63 percent or pounds drinkers. “I think the evidence is beginning to increase study. “Milk may be best known for its calcium ( research ，and later others ’， can continually

more muscle mass than the carbohydrate

beverage

，” says Stuart Phillips — the leader of the 钙 ) content in supporting bone health ， but our

support milk ’s ability to aid in muscle growth and

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江苏高考英语阅读理解：细节理解题讲解及训练word版含答案

also promote body fat is the ideal post alike. ”

1． According to the study A． Fruit juice. C． Skim milk. 解析： 答案：

细节理解题。依照第三段可知。 C

- workout drink for recreational exercisers and athletes

， which is the best drink for exercisers to lose weight?

B． Soy beverage.

D． Carbohydrate beverage.

2． From the passage we can learn that milk A． muscle gain C． bone health 解析：

细节理解题。依照前三段可知，牛奶可以

has a good effect on all of the following EXCEPT________.

B． brain development D． fat loss

gain muscle 和 lose fat

，故 A、 D正确；依照最后一段

”可知C 也正确，

中的“ Milk may be best known for its calicium content in supporting bone health 所以答案为 B。 答案：

B

3． According to the passage ， we can know that________.

A． the scientists chose people aged 18,30 and 56 as participants of the research B． the weightlifting program which study participants attended was 84 days in total C． people who drink milk every day are always healthier and thinner than others

D． soy beverages are better than carbohydrate beverages for exercisers to gain muscle

解析： 细节理解题。依照第二段中的“ The scientists book three groups of young men 18 to 30 years

of age,56 in total ，”可知 A错误；依照第二段中的“ put them through a strict ， five - day - per - week weightlifting program over a 12- week period. ”可知 B 错误；文章提到喝牛奶可以 fat ，但是并没有提到每天喝牛奶的人会比其他人健康、苗条，故 C也错误。 答案：

D

gain muscle 和 lose

4． What does Philips want to tell us?

A． More evidence is needed to strengthen their research. B． Milk has more calcium than soy or carbohydrate beverages. C． The calcium in milk can also help gain muscle and lose fat.

D． Athletes should be forbidden to drink other beverages except milk.

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江苏高考英语阅读理解：细节理解题讲解及训练word版含答案

解析： 细节理解题。由“ ...but our research ，and ability to aid in muscle growth and also promote body fa 答案：

A

later

others ’， can continually

t loss. ”可知答案。

support milk ’s

5． What does the passage mainly talk about? A． What exercisers should do to lose weight. B．How milk influences people

’s health and figure.

C． The differences between milk and soy or carbohydrate beverages.

D． A research on the effect of drinking milk

— gain muscle and lose fat.

解析： 主旨马虎题。 通读全文可知， 文章介绍了一项关于喝牛奶的最新研究成就，和 lose fat ，所以答案为 D。

即喝牛奶可以

gain muscle

答案：

D.

真题摘选【 2】 (2013 课标卷 I A 篇 )

Somepeople will do just about anything to save money. And I am one of them. Take my family ’s

last vacation. It was my six-year- offered us $400 per person in

old son ’s winter break from school, and we were heading home

credits

to give up our seats

and leave the next day. I had meetings

form Fort Lauderdale after a weeklong trip. The flight was overbooked, and Delta, the airline, in New York, so I had to get back. But that didn I took my nine-month-old and took off for home. 56. Why did Delta give the author

A. They took a later flight. B. They had early bookings. C. Their flight had been delayed. D. Their flight had been cancelled.

解析：本文为夹叙夹议文。作者经过表达自己的亲身经素来说明见解，即如何获取金钱的最大利用价

值，从而理性花销。利用要点词盘问可以在第一段中找到 些相关信息。由该句可知，因为航班超员，航空公司 们放弃座位，第二天再走开。应选 【实战演练】

【 2016 届石家庄市高中毕业班质量检测（二）试题】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最正确答案填空。

You use her as a is only a virtual chatbot.

Xiaoice, Microsoft

’s latest artificial intelligence robot, was briefly released in 2014,

Millions

of young Chinese now exchange

account.

The New York Times reported.

ability

On WeChat, Xiaoice is an official

and returned to WeChat in 2015, where she became a big hit. messages with her daily,

“Her incredible

shoulder to cry on. She

texts you back

with casual jokes. But she, Xiaoice,

’t mean my husband and my son couldn ’t stay.

’s family credits?

The flight was overbooked, and Delta, the

这

400美金，要我

airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day

(Delta) 以信用卡的形式补偿我们每人

A项 ( 他们乘坐了较晚的航班 ) 。

C

After following it, users can start text-based conversations with Xiaoice.

learning

was why people loved to talk with Xiaoice, ” Liu Jinchang,

a researcher at High-tech Research and Development Center under the Ministry of Science and

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江苏高考英语阅读理解：细节理解题讲解及训练word版含答案

Technology, told China Daily. Apart from her ability to identify photos and send emojis ( 情符号 ) in conversations, China Daily reported.

Chatbot programs first appeared in the mid-1960s in the US. Driven by top tech companies, they are becoming smarter and more common. For instance, IBM program served as an academic consultant

questions about course schedules and financial

’s latest artificial intelligence

at Australia ’s Deakin University,

Xiaoice gains 45 percent of her knowledge from interacting

表

with users,

answering students ’

aid. Apple ’s Siri and Amazon’s Alexa have been

used as voice assistants who can read news, play music and even make jokes for their users. These programs are expected to move beyond smartphones, into televisions, cars and living

rooms, The New York Times pointed out. However, it may take decades before scientists develop a “Samantha”, the advanced chatbot seen in the fiction film Her. In the film, Samantha sparks a romantic relationship with her user played by US actor Joaquin Phoenix. Many viewers were

enthusiastic about this fantasy of virtual soul mates.

1. What does the underlined part in paragraph two mean? A. She became a best seller. B. She became very powerful. C. She became a money maker. D. She became very popular.

2. Which of the following can Xiaoice do? A. Do housework.

C. Identify various photos. A. Microsoft.

B. IBM.

C. Apple.

B. Spread messages.

D. Read news to its users.

3. Which company ’s chatbot program can act as an acad 4. What can be learned from the last paragraph? A. Chatbots mainly run on smartphones now. B. It ’ll take decades to apply chatbots to cars. C. Samantha is played by a US actor in the film. D. The film Her doesn ’t interest many audience . 参照答案、 DCBA

emic consultant?

D. Amazon.

2. 以不完满的句子形式，针对文章的某个细节设题，观察考生对此事实细节的认定和理解能力。如：真题摘选【 1】 (2013 课标卷 I B 篇 )

Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment, but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes. Perhaps it is just the newness? When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects (a comb, a key, an orange and so on), changing again. Babies paid more attention

the number of objects

had an effect

the objects themselves. Could it be the pattern that two things make, as opposed to three? No from two to three, or three to two. The effect even crosses between senses. Babies who were they heard just two; likewise (

separate from changing

to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed

repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when

同样地 ) when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved

to spots.

A. the size of cards B. the colour of pictures

61. Babies are sensitive to the change in ______.

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江苏高考英语阅读理解：细节理解题讲解及训练word版含答案

C. the shape of patterns

D. the number of objects

解析：本文为科普类说明文，主要谈论了婴儿可否能感知数量这一问题。依照第二段中

older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects (a comb, a key, an orange and so on), changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves

Whenslightly

知，卡片上物品的数量而不是物品自己的变化对婴儿的视觉产生了影响，应选

D。

可

【习题选编】

阅读以下短文 , 从给的四个选项 (A 、 B、C 和 D) 中 , 选出最正确选项。 时间： 7 分钟 体裁：记述文 话题：公共服务

The world of taxi drivers is dominated by there is one small taxi company in Delhi the drivers and passengers are 's safety is a hot topic in India at the moment a very popular service.

， where all

， so it's proving

“When I'm on the road driving our taxi I feel very proud ， because this is the first taxi service only for women，” says 31- year - old Shanti Sharma， who is one of eight female drivers with a taxi service called Cabs for Women by Women. The last couple of months， since the rape and murder in the city of a college student travelling on a bus ，have been particularly busy for her and her colleagues. “After this case ， our workload has increased so much ，” says Sharma. “Women who used other cab

” services are also turning to us now.

骚扰 ) ， and worse ， especially on public Most women in Delhi say they routinely face harassment(

transport. Sharma， a single parent with three daughters ， has been working as a taxi driver since 2011 ， when

， and it has changed her is the first time that she has earned the service was first set up

enough— about 250 a month — to support her family. Of course ，she and the other taxi drivers are completely outnumbered by male cabbies. “When female I park somewhere there are always men there and inevitably five or six of them get together and hang out ，” she says. “I'm usually the only woman in the parking lot ， so I just stay inside the car. ”

“As soon It's not much better when she is out on the says the male drivers give her a hard time.

按喇叭 ) for no 'll try to overtake 'm always as they see a woman at the wheel they start honking(

worrying about how to avoid getti ng hit by someone. ”

The company behind Cabs for Women by Women ，Sakha Consulting Wings ， had a number of goals when it set up the wanted to give women from poor backgrounds an opportunity to earn putting women in charge of technologies， it also wanted to change people's attitudes ， and open up boundaries for women. 【语篇导读】 德里一家出租车公司特地推出了女性司机只为女性乘客供应服务的 Cabs for Womenby Women 出租车业务。买卖异常火爆。 1． The taxi service Cabs for Women by Women ______. A． is greatly needed at present in India B． causes a hot debate in India C． was set up in 2012 D． is free of charge for women 解析 细节理解题。依照第一段第三句中的“ it's proving a very popular service 租车服务在现在有很大需求量。 答案 A

”可知，这项女性出

2． Why are women who used other cab services turning to Cabs for Women by Women? A． Because it is cheap. B． Because it is safe. C． Because it is famous. D． Because it is convenient.

解析 推理判断题。依照第三、四段内容可推知，那些以前乘坐其他出租车的女性现在选择 by Women，是因为这类由妇女驾驶的出租车能为女性乘客供应安全保障。

Cabs for Women

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江苏高考英语阅读理解：细节理解题讲解及训练word版含答案

答案 B

3． What do we know about Sharma?

A． She is the first female taxi driver in Delhi. B． She lives in harmony with her husband. C． She has regretted becoming a taxi driver.

D． She has a better salary after becoming a taxi driver. 解析 细节理解题。依照第六段可知，从 2011 年 Sharma 成为出租车司机后，她才赚了足够多的钱来养家糊 口。 答案

D

4． What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

A． The opportunities Cabs for Women by Women provides for women. B． The main purposes of Cabs for Women by Women.

C． People's attitudes towards Cabs for Women by Women.

D． The background information of Cabs for Women by Women.

解析 段落马虎题。依照本段的主题句“ The company behind Cabs for Womenby Women， Sakha Consulting Wings，had a number of goals when it set up the service. ”可知，本段主要讲睁开 Cabs for Women by Women出租车服务的目的。 答案 B

【长难句解读】

原文 Sharma， a single parent with three daughters ， has been working as a taxi driver since 2011， when the service was first set up ，and it has changed her life. 译文 Sharma是一个独自抚养三个女儿的单亲母亲，自从 2011 年首次睁开这项服务以来，她素来是一名出 租车司机。这改变了她的生活。

解析 and 前后为两个并列分句。在第一个分句中， 同位语。 when引导一个定语从句，修饰 2011。

a single parent with three daughters

是 Sharma 的

【 2016 届石家庄市高中毕业班质量检测（二）试题】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最正确答案填空。

If you watch British television on March 15, you might be surprised to see celebrities (

人) wearing funny red noses and joking around. But don part of a money raising event called Red Nose Day.

Founded in 1985 by two British comedians, the aim of the event is to raise money to fight

poverty and injustice in the UK and Africa. Celebrities and public figures support the event by making appearances on comic TV shows. For example, UK Prime Minister in a music video by One Direction, which the band produced for the event.

Britons don ’t just raise money for charitable causes on one day a year, but they do it all

year round. One way of doing so is

by shopping in charity

shops. These small shops sell

’s all secondhand.

’t worry. They ’re not mad. It

’s all

D 名

David Cameron once appeared

clothes,

books and hou sehold goods just like any other shop except that it

who has things they don’t want anymore can donate them to a charity cause.

The idea of buying used clothes

may sound unpleasant,

fashion.

There are nearly 10,000 charity shops in the UK. Their business model is simple: Anybody

shop, where they are checked

for damage, cleaned and priced. The money that is made by selling them is used for a charitable

but for shoppers who have less spending

very unique clothes

for a very

money, it has been a welcome option. Now, shopping at charity shops is also becoming popular with young people looking for alternative cheap price.

I wear them, ” said Anne Mar

You can find

It doesn’t bother me that other people may have worn them, I simply

ie, a 19-year-old from the US.

wash them before

So next time you spot a charity shop, why not go inside? Who knows, you might find a lovely dress for just a few pounds. Even better, you can enjoy wearing it in the knowledge that your money helped a good cause.

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江苏高考英语阅读理解：细节理解题讲解及训练word版含答案

1. Why did Cameron appear in One Direction ’s music video?

A. To earn a living. B. To support the band. C. To help raising money. D. To entertain the audience.

2. Where are the goods of charity shops from? A. Local bands. B. People ’s donation. C. British comedians. D. The UK government.

3. What ’s Anne Marie ’s attitude to charity shops? A. Favorable. A. Red Nose Day. C. Charity in Britain. 参照答案、 1— 4、 CBAC

【 2016 年沈阳市高中三年级授课质量监测（一）

】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最正确答案填空。

A

B. Particular. C. Doubtful.

B. British celebrities. D. Secondhand shops.

D. Disapproving.

4. What is the text mainly about?

British International Schools in China Harrow International School Beijing The mission statement of the school is great tradition

of famous leaders

Nehru. Established

“Leadership for a better world

School Beijing

”, which draws on the

and Pundit reputation

studying in Harrow School such as Winston Churchill

is known for its

in 2005, the Harrow International

for having the highest academic standards and close personal tutoring. All students have a personal tutor to take care of their personal concerns. The tuition fee per year ranges from 80,100 to 258,400 yuan ($12,600 College Shanghai

– 40,600) for half day, pre-nursery to year 13. Read more via

Dulwich College Shanghai is made up of about 1,500 students from age 2 to age 18, with over

40 different nationalities. Dulwich College Shanghai opened in 2003 and has been recognized as one of the best international schools in Shanghai. About 70 percent of the school

’s teachers

The school ’s annual payment ranges from 225,500 to 269,500 yuan ($35,500 – 42,000) are British.

from year 1 to year 13. Click here to know more. Wellington College International Shanghai

Wellington College, UK, is one of the world

’s top coeducational day and boarding schools

founded by royal sponsor on behalf of Queen Victoria in 1859. Wellington College International Shanghai opened its doors in 2014 and now has over 600 students, aged 2 to 18 years old. Annual tuition

ranges from 234,000 to 285,000 yuan ($36,800

– 44,800) for year 1 to year 13. Wellington

College also has a campus in Tianjin. Click here to learn more about both locations.

The British School of Guangzhou

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江苏高考英语阅读理解：细节理解题讲解及训练word版含答案

Established in 2005 for students aged 2 to 18, The British School of Guangzhou has gained

a reputation for

academic excellence. The school

overlooking

’s two campuses are located about 25 minutes scenic South Lake. The annual tuition

ranges from

north of Guangzhou’s city center, 157,840 to 197,690 yuan ($24,800

– 31,100) for year 1 to year 13. Click here to know more.

1. If you want to make friends with students from different countries, you may choose _____.

A. Harrow International School Beijing B. Dulwich College Shanghai

C. Wellington College International Shanghai D. The British School of Guangzhou 2. What do the last two schools have in common?

A. They both have two campuses. B. Their annual tuitions are the same.

C. They are both sponsored by the royal family. D. They are both the world

3.

’s best boarding schools.

In which section of a website can we probably read this passage?

A. Lifestyle

B. Opinion

C. International News

D. Culture Exchange

参照答案 1— 3、 BAD

阅读理解。

“Stop making excuses for him ” Mom ， Mom，” I said. “But maybe he is feeling unwell... said. “Maybe nothing ，” I had been tending Mom since her health began to decline and this would be the first time in a year that my husband and I had a night out had promised to stay with again

， his drinking had a lot to do with irresponsibility upset me. he let us more often than not

，Jerry I remembered our happy growing - up years in a small town in West good family education

， I got over the sorrow soon ， but he started he began had been a kind was only 15 when Dad him

hanging out with bad guys. Jerry and I didn ’t see each other often

to live with us， Jerry dropped in regularly

， but we talked on the ，though ，we ended up Mom came at first ， but after a while his visits became explained

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江苏高考英语阅读理解：细节理解题讲解及训练word版含答案

he couldn ’t handle seeing Mom in such a bad excuse ， I thought.

“I can ’t find anything One day I went to see the doctor about my had been aching for months.

，” the doctor said. “But I can tell you’re very something bothering wrong with you physically

you？” I poured out my story about Jerry. “Do you think he ’s likely to change ？” he shrugged. “Probably not. ”“ But， you can ，” he said gently.

Me？ Why did I have to change ？He was the one who constantly let us what had I done ？ Maybe the

him— the way I did when we were I walked doctor was couldn ’t love his behavior ， but I could love

into the house I sensed a relief. Jerry died young due to miss I he was ， not as I wanted him to be.

’m grateful

I was given the opportunity

to show him I loved him— as

【语篇解读】 爱一个人， 其实不意味着他很。 有时，即便他有着让人难以忍受的缺点， 爱他不是因为他是你所希望的那样，而是爱他自己。 1． When Jerry failed to carry out his promise that night A． felt very angry

也要学会去爱——

，his mother________.

B． tried to defend him

C． was indifferent about it 解析：

D． phoned him to ask him to come back

推理判断题。 依照第一段“ Stop making excuses for unwell... ”可推断，答案为 B。 答案：

him，Mom，” I said. “But maybe he is feeling

B

2． Jerry got into the habit of drinking mainly because________. A． he was influenced by bad guys B． his mom left to live with his sister

C． nobody cared for him after his father died

D．he couldn ’t get over the sadness of losing his father 解析： 细节理解题。依照第二段 Unlike him 可知，答案为 D。 答案：

D

， I got over the sorrow soon

， but he started drinking

3．The underlined word “sporadic ” in Paragraph 3 probably means A． occasional C． formal

B． frequent D． unpleasant

“________”．

解析： 词义猜想题。依照句中 Jerry dropped in regularly at first

A。 常来看望妈妈，但不久就很少来了，故答案为

， but... 可判断，刚开始 Jerry

经

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江苏高考英语阅读理解：细节理解题讲解及训练word版含答案

答案：

A

4．What did the author think of the doctor

’s suggestion at first?

A． It was acceptable.

B． It gave her much hope.

C． It was unreasonable.

D． It made her confused.

解析： 推理判断题。依照第五段 down. 可推断，答案为 C。

Me？ Why did I have to

change ？He was the one who constantly let us

答案： C

5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A． Love can help a person give up bad habits. B．Too much tension will destroy a person C．We shouldn’t expect too much of a person. D． We should try to love a person as he is.

解析： 主旨马虎题。 依照末段 But I ’m grateful

I was given the opportunity

to show him I loved him— as

’s health.

he was ， not as I wanted him to be 可推断，爱一个人，要爱他自己，而不是因为他是你希望的那样，故答案为 D。

答案： D

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