陈孝起,等:pH敏感型甲基丙烯酸氨烷基酯共聚物乳液的制备及应用
159–163.
45
制备了一种pH敏感型阳离子甲基丙烯酸氨烷基酯
共聚物乳液。
(2)当三种单体质量比为6/3/3,复合乳化剂各组分质量比为1/3/2.4且总用量为单体总质量的4.5%,引发剂用量为单体总质量的0.65%时,共聚物的Tg为40.8℃,乳液稳定性最好。
(3)该共聚物乳液对药物片剂具有良好的包覆性,用其对药片包衣后,裂纹发生率为0%,包衣药片在水介质中60 min内无药物释放,而在人工胃液介质中20 min左右完全崩解,具有良好的崩解效果。
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塑料的使用将驱动2050年前石油需求保持增长
国际能源署(IEA)表示,塑料和其它石化产品需求的日益增长将抵消汽车燃料消耗放缓,从而推动2050年前全球石油需求保持增长。
尽管全球各国努力减少来自于石油和天然气的污染和碳排放,但总部设在巴黎的IEA预计印度和中国等新兴经济体的快速增长将推动石化产品的需求。
IEA在一份报告中表示,受电动车辆和更高效的内燃发动机增加的影响,2050年前来自于运输领域的石油需求将放缓,但石化产品领域对石油需求的强劲增长将抵消这部分影响。
据IEA称,2030年前石化产品领域将占全球石油需求
增长的1/3以上,2050年前将占全球石油需求增长的近一半。
2017年全球石化原料需求达到1 200万桶/日,占到2017年全球石油总需求的约12%。这一数字预计到2050年将增长到近1 800万桶/日。
埃克森美孚和荷兰皇家壳牌等石油公司计划在未来几十年投资新建石化工厂,押注新兴经济体对塑料需求的不断上升。
比罗尔表示,在中东,沙特阿拉伯和科威特等主要产油国也正投资建设大型石化工厂,因为这些产油国希望通过将原油直接转化为塑料而不是汽油和柴油等石油产品赚取更多的钱。 (中石新闻)