高考英语二轮复习 专题十 定语从句课堂训练

1. (2014·安徽卷)The exact year ______ Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008. A. when B. where C. why D. which 2. (2014·北京卷)I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ________ my classmates recommended to me. A. who B. which C. when D. where 3. (2014·福建卷)Students should involve themselves in community activities ________ they can gain experience for growth. A. who B. when C. which D. where

4. (2014·江西卷)Among the many dangers ________—sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.

A. which B. what C. where D. when 5. (2014·江西卷)It was the middle of the night ________ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game. A. that B. as

C. which D. when

6. (2014·浙江卷)I don't become a serious climber until the fifth grade, ________ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree. A. when B. where C. which D. why 7. (2014·江苏卷)The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work ________ a good impression is a must. A. which B. when C. as D. where 8. (2014·湖南卷)I am looking forward to the day ________ my daughter can read this book and

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know my feelings for her.

A. as B. why C. when D. where

9. (2014·山东卷)A company ________ profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. A. which B. whose C. who D. why 10. (2014·四川卷)Until now, we have raised 50，000 pounds for the poor children, ________ is quite unexpected. A. that B. which C. who D. it

1. 【答案】 D 【解析】 句意：Angela和她的家人一起在中国度假确切是在2008年。先行词是the exact year，后面的定语从句Angela and her family spent together in China中动词spent后面缺少宾语，所以使用关系代词which，在句中作宾语。 2. 【答案】 B

【解析】 句意：上个星期我从图书馆里借了Sherlock Holmes，这是我的同学推荐给我的。本题考查的是非性定语从句，先行词是the book Sherlock Holmes，在定语从句中which指代先行词并作为定语从句中的动词recommend的宾语。 3. 【答案】 D

【解析】 句意：学生应该参与社区活动，在社区活动里他们能够获得成长的经验。本题考查定语从句，先行词是community activities，后面的定语从句they can gain experience for growth是主谓宾句子，并且结构很完整，所以使用关系副词来引导这个定语从句，where在句中相当于in which，充当状语。when的先行词通常是表示时间的名词。 4. 【答案】 A

【解析】 句意：在海员面对的很多危险中，也许最大的危险是雾。本题考查定语从句，先行词是the many dangers，在定语从句中关系代词which指代先行词，在句中作为动词face的宾语，也可以省略。 5. 【答案】 D

【解析】 句意：我的父亲把我叫醒并要我看足球赛的时候是在半夜。本句中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句。本句容易错选A项，认为是强调句型，实际上the middle of the night不能单独作时间状语，如果在the middle of the night前面加上in，本题就可以选择A 项了。 6. 【答案】 A

【解析】 句意：直到五年级我才成为一个很认真的攀登者，在那时我登高去拿下一个卡在树枝上的风筝。本题定语从句的先行词是the fifth grade，后面定语从句中主谓宾句子结构很完整，所以使用关系副词来引导定语从句，因为先行词表示时间，所以使用when。 7. 【答案】 D

【解析】 句意：在日常交流中这本书帮了我很多，尤其是在需要有良好印象的工作之中。本题定语从句的先行词是work，后面的定语从句的主系表结构很完整，所以使用关系副词在从句中作状语，work是模糊化的地点名词，所以用where引导这个定语从句。 8. 【答案】 C

【解析】 句意：我一直都在期待着我的女儿能够阅读这本书并理解我对她的感情的那一天。本题是一个定语从句，先行词是the day，后面的定语从句主谓宾结构非常完整，所以使用关系副词when在句中作时间状语。 9. 【答案】 B

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【解析】 句意：一个利润来自国内市场的公司，其利润正在下滑的，也许可以开拓国外市场。本题是一个定语从句，先行词是a company，后面的定语从句中名词profits前面缺少定语修饰，所以使用关系代词whose引导这个定语从句，并在从句中作定语。whose profits相当于the profits of which。 10. 【答案】 B

【解析】 句意：到现在为止，我们已经为贫穷的孩子募捐到了五万英镑，这一点是完全没有预料到的。本句中的关系代词which指代前面主句的内容，引导非性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。

定语从句是高考的重点，也是学生英语学习中的难点。从句中关系代词与关系副词的选择是多年来的主要考点。

高考对定语从句的考查热点有：which、as的用法；模糊化的地点名词作先行词时，对where的运用；“介词＋ which / whom/whose”；定语从句与其他从句，如名词性从句、状语从句的区别，以及与强调句型的区别。

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要点储备一：定语从句的几个基本概念 作用 位置 先行词 起形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词 在一个名词或代词后面，或被某些状语分隔 被修饰的名词或代词 引导定语从句的词，分关系代词与关系副词。它的作用：一是放在先行词与定语从句中间，起连接作用；二是在从句中充当一个成分 There was an accident that /which happened at the street corner. (that /which 引导定语从句，从句置于先行词an accident之后； that/which为关系代词，在从句中作主语) The reason why he was late for class was that he was caught in the traffic. (why引导定语从句，从句置于先行词the reason之后； why为关系副词，在从句中作原因状语) 关系词 要点储备二：关系代词与关系副词的具体作用 关系词 who 先行词 人 从句例句 成分 主语 Do you know the man who is 备注 whom 人 whose 关系 代词 人,物 that 人,物 talking with your mother？ Mr Smith is the person with whom I am working. 宾语 The boy (whom) she loved died in the war. whom, which和thatI like those books whose topics 在性定语从句are about history. 中作宾语时，常可以主语 The boy whose father works 省略，但介词提前时abroad is my deskmate. 后面关系代词不能主语，A plane is a machine that can fly. 省略，也不可以用宾语，She is the pop star (that) I want that to see very much. 表语 The book (which) I gave you was 主语，worth $10. The picture which was about the 宾语 accident was terrible. He is such a person as is 主语，respected by all of us. as作宾语一般不省This is the same pen as I lost 略 宾语 yesterday. 时间I will never forget the day when when可用on /in we met there. 状语 which代替 地点This is the house where I was where可用in /at born. 状语 which代替 原因I can't imagine the reason why why可用for whichhe turned down my offer. 状语 代替 which 物 as 人，物 when 关系 where 副词 why 时间 地点 原因 - 4 -

要点储备三：that与which, who与whom的用法区别 情况 用法说明 1. 先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much等不定代词时 2. 先行词被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等词修饰时 3. 先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时 4. 先行词既指人又指物时 5. 先行词被the only, the very修饰时 6. 句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时 例句 The book that you offered has been given out. This is the best film that I have ever read. We talked about the persons and things that we remembered. He is the only man that I want to see. Who is the man that is 只用that的情况 making a speech？ 1. 在非性定语从句中，只能用whichHe has a son, who has gone abroad for further study. 指物，用who/whom指人 只用which, who, 2. 在由“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从I like the person to whom the whom，而不用句中，只能用which指物，whom指人， teacher is talking. Those who respect others that的情况 whose表所属关系 3. 先行词本身是that时，关系词用which, are usually respected by others. 先行词为those, one, he时多用who 要点储备四：as与which的区别 定语从句 在性定语从句中 区别 例句 名词前有such和the same或He is not such a fool as he looks. as, so修饰时，关系代词用as, Don't read such books as you can't understand. 不能用which 关系代词 先行词 含义 位置 典型句型 例句 as 在非性定语从句中 整个主句 正如，像 As anybody can see, as is well known＝as is 在主句前、known to all, as 中、后均可 often happens，as has been said above，as is often the case 1. 先行名词2. 部分主句which 内容3. 整个主句 1. 相当于先行词2. 只能在先行这一点词之后 (＝ and that) 从句为否定含义时，关系代词只能用which I am patient with my child, which my husband seldom is. She is a fine singer, as her mother used to be. They won the game, as we had expected. They won the game, which we hadn't expected. As is well known, he is a famous film star in the 1980s 要点储备五：性定语从句与非性定语从句的区别

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类别 性定语从句 语法意义及特征 1. 对先行词起修饰作用，如果去掉，主句意思就不完整明确，这种从句与主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开 2. 关系代词作从句宾语时，可省略 1. 对先行词作附加的说明，与主句的关系不十分密切，较松散。 2. 从句和主句之间用逗号分开，相当于一个插入语，不能用that, why引导；任何关系代词或副词都不能省略 3. 非性定语从句的适用情形： (1) 独一无二的词作先行词 (2) 从句中表部分信息或包括所有时，如：..., some/any/most/30%/one/all/none of which/whom... 例句 The accident happened at the time when I left. The book(that/which) he lent to me was missing. His mother, whom he loved deeply, died ten years ago. He has three sons, none of whom is a doctor. He fell ill suddenly, for which he didn't attend the meeting yesterday. He went to Beijing in 2003, where he became famous after seven years. 非性定语从句 重点突破七注意 (1) 当先行词是stay, period, interval, time, age, occasion等，从句中缺状语时，用when (2) 先行词是spot，sport，1 when, family，the Internet，society，case，where与situation，condition，scene等模糊化that/which的地点名词，从句中缺状语时，用的选用 where(先行词是stage，可用where或when引导) (3) 从句中缺主语宾语时，用that/which The old man will never forget his stay there when he found his missing son. She brought the police to the same spot where she witnessed the accident. Their child is at the stage where she can say individual words but not full sentences. She put forward some conditions that/which she attached to the contract. 2从句中谓语动词的数 Tom was one of the_boys who were_praised by the headmaster yesterday. 当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句Tom was the(only)_one of the boys who 中的谓语动词的数与先行词保持一致 was_praised by the headmaster yesterday. I,_who am your teacher, will try to help you. In the dark street, there wasn't a single person whom （指人）to whom she could turn for help. (turn to sb. for help) 介词＋which （指物） Tom, in whose car I went to the station, is my whose＋n.（所属关系）good friend. (1) 关系代词不能省略 Recently I bought an ancient vase, the price of (2) 介词的选用与从句中谓语动词有which(＝whose price) was very reasonable. 关或与先行词有关或与整句语境有关 He has no money with which he can buy food. (3) 此结构引导的定语从句可与“此结＝ He has no money with which to buy food. 构＋ 不定式”互换 ＝ He has no money which to buy food with. I've become good friends with several of the 分隔定语从句与先行词之间被同位students in my school who I met in the English 语、状语、谓语等成分分开(解题关键：speech contest last year.(定语从句) 移开分隔部分，找准先行词) The news came that our team won the match. - 6 -

3“介词＋关系代词”中介词的选择及其关系词的选择 4分隔定语从句(同位语从句)

(同位语从句) He stood before the window, from where he watched his students playing football. He was born in World War Ⅱ， during which time thousands of millions of people were killed. He may not come, in which case we will go there without him. He went to the city in 2004, since when he has made great process in his career. They settled in Seatle last year, by when she had obtained a master's degree in economics. This is just the same pen that I lost yesterday. He returned to the same place where he had found his watch. The way (that/ in which ) he handled the problem was simple. The way (that/ which) he thought of to handle the problem was simple. This is such a heavy bag as I can't carry. This is such a heavy bag that I can't carry it. There are two holes, each of which was made by mice. ＝ There are two holes, each of them made by mice. ＝ There are two holes, and each of them was made by mice. My friend Mary may be ill, in which case I will visit her. ＝ My friend Mary may be ill, and in that case I will visit her. ＝ My friend Mary may be ill; in that case I will visit her. As is known to all, the compass was first made in China. 与名词性从句的区别 ＝It is known to all that the compass was first made in China. ＝What is known to all is that the compass was first made in China. It was at 7 o'clock p．m.that he came back.(强调句型) It was 7 o'clock p．m.when he came back.(定语从句) 5特殊引导结构 from where during which time in which case since when (定语从句中用现在完成时) by when(定语从句中用完成时) 6从句中关系代词与关系副词的选择 (1) 定语从句中缺状语时，用关系副词when, where, why；从句中缺主语、宾语时用关系代词that, which (2) the way作先行词时，从句中缺状语时用that, in which或不用任何关系词 与结果状语从句的区别 与并列句或主格结构的区别 7与其他从句以及并列句的区别 与强调句型的区别 - 7 -

1. She suggests another approach, one，I think, ________ suits us better. A. that B. where C. which D. who

2. Jim's mother doesn't push too hard on him, ________ really benefit a lot from her relaxed attitude.

A. which B. what C. that D. who

3. With the development of agriculture, the people ________ village I taught are now living a happy life.

A. in whose B. whose C. in which D. which

4. Naturally a smile ________ the eyes participate is extremely communicative. A. to which B. in which C. at which D. with which

5. What sets human beings apart from animals is not the pursuit of happiness, but the pursuit of meaning, ________ is unique to humans. A. that B. what C. which D. as

6. In South Africa, English is the language ________ black parents wish their children to be educated.

A. for which B. that C. in which D. when

7. — Where did you have the discussion with Professor Snow?

— It was in the classroom ________ we had a biology lesson yesterday. A. which B. when C. that D. where 8. — How are things going, Janet?

— They have set out to deal with the present situation ________ they think deserves their immediate attention.

A. which B. where C. when D. what

9. The camera you mentioned is of high quality, but it is ________ expensive a camera ________ I can't afford.

A. so; that B. so; as C. too; that D. too; as

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10. Global warming has become a serious problem, ________ we must find solutions. A. from which B. to which C. with which D. in which

11. ________ is often the case with elder people, my grandma talked about my new hairstyle for at least 30 minutes.

A. What B. Which C. As D. It

12. When deeply lost in thought, ________ he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.

A. that B. where C. which D. when

13. Henry made a list of all the possible solutions, ________ seemed helpful in handling the present situation, though.

A. none of them B. none of which C. all of which D. all of them

14. From this year, reforms will be pushed through in some test areas, ________ the government will set grain prices based more on the market. A. where B. which C. that D. why

15. I don't like any humor in this serious speech because I can't think of any circumstance ________ this would be beneficial or useful.

A. which B. whether C. where D. as 1. 【答案】 A

【解析】 句意：她提出了另一个途径，一个我认为较适合我的途径。I think是插入语；that作定语从句中的主语，先行词为不定代词，不用关系代词which。 2. 【答案】 D

【解析】 句意：Jim的妈妈对他不是过分严格，从她的宽松态度中他真正获益良多。从句先行词是him, 指人用who不用which。 3. 【答案】 A

【解析】 句意：随着农业的发展，我曾教过书的那个村庄的人们正过着幸福的日子。此处，whose在从句中作定语，in whose village ＝ in the people's village。 4. 【答案】 B 【解析】 句意：自然地，有眼神参与的微笑是一种极好的交流方式。定语从句的先行词是smile，participate是不及物动词，后跟宾语时要接介词in。 5. 【答案】 C

【解析】 句意：不是对幸福的追求而是对生命意义的追求才使得人类与动物不同，这是人类独有的。which引导非性定语从句，修饰前面整句话的内容。as也可以引导非性定语从句，但表“正如”，且常用于被动语态中。 6. 【答案】 C

【解析】 句意：在南非，黑人父母都希望他们的孩子能够接受英语教育。be educated in sth.(在……方面受教育)。定语从句中主语宾语齐全，故用in which来引导从句。 7. 【答案】 D 【解析】 句意：——你在哪里和Snow教授讨论的？——就在我们昨天上生物课的那间教室里。where引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词the classroom。本题实际是强调句型的省略句，完整句应是：It was in the classroom where we had a biology lesson yesterday that I had the discussion with Professor Snow. 8. 【答案】 A

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【解析】 句意：——Janet，目前事情进展如何？——他们已开始着手处理这种值得立即关注的现状。they think是插入语，先行词是(the present) situation，又因定语从句中缺少主语成分，故用which来引导定语从句。 9. 【答案】 B

【解析】 句意：你提到的相机质量好，但太贵我买不起。too不与从句搭配，排除C、D两项；can't afford后缺少宾语，说明是个定语从句，故用关系代词as。如选that，则是结果状语从句，从句中应不缺任何成分。 10. 【答案】 B 【解析】 句意：全球变暖已经成为一个严重的问题，对此我们必须找到解决方法。根据solution的介词搭配判断正确答案为B项。 11. 【答案】 C 【解析】 句意：正如所有的老人一样，我祖母对我的新发型唠叨了不下30分钟。as is often the case with...意为“对……而言是常有的事，正如……一样”，常用于非性定语从句。 12. 【答案】 C

【解析】 句意：每当陷入沉思，他经常这样，他就会废寝忘食。本题考查非性定语从句，which指代“deeply lost in thought”，在从句中作表语。 13. 【答案】 B 【解析】 句意：Henry列出了所有可能的解决方法，但是没有一个似乎有助于应对现状。though表前后转折，故用none；由seemed可知为从句，需用关系代词，故选B项。 14. 【答案】 A

【解析】 句意：今年开始，将在一些试验地区完成改革。在这些试验地区，将更多地基于市场设定粮食价格。非性定语从句中不缺主语宾语，故选用where，指代先行词some test areas。

15. 【答案】 C

【解析】 从结构判断此处是circumstance后的定语从句，排除B项；而从句中主干完整，应该用关系副词，which和as是关系代词，故选C项。

请使用“课后训练·语法专项突破十”活页练

习，及时查漏补缺！

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