阅读理解-科普知识与文学艺术话题定向精准练习(六)2022届高三英语二轮复习

★A

阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案. For hundreds of years, Africans have preserved their history through storytelling. But, some Africans worry that oral traditions will be lost to Internet connections and social media.

This has led one Nigerian woman to create a mobile phone application, or app, as a way to preserve African folk stories. Elizabeth Kperrun is a businesswoman and fashion designer. She calls her mobile app AfroTalez. The AfroTalez app tells children’s stories that teach moral lessons. Ms. Kperrun says she wanted to create the app to preserve some of the stories told to her when she was a child in Nigeria. “Sometimes you can’t teach a child something by telling the child, ‘Don’t do this’. In fact, I think it gave me context. In a story somebody stole something and then something bad happened to them. Alternatively, somebody else did something good and they ended up really happy or really rich.”

AfroTalez is designed for children ages 2 to 10. The voice of “Aunt Liz” narrates the story, while a full-screen animation appears. An arrow signals when it is time to move on. There are also quizzes on object recognition and counting throughout.

Elizabeth Kperrun says she learned life lessons from the folk stories she heard as a child, a tradition she says should be kept alive. Kperrun spoke to her older relatives to help collect stories for the application. The stories come from an ethnic group of about four million people called the Tiv who live in southeast Nigeria and northwest Cameroon.

AfroTalez is available for Android users and can be downloaded for free in the Google Play store. So far, AfroTalez has more than 50,000 users.

Ms. Kperrun says technology does not have to destroy or replace traditions. She says her goal is to combine both new technology and old traditions to keep African culture alive. “Africa is our home. I think we are so in a rush to become Western that we are forgetting things that are really important, things that should be passed on of who we are, and I don’t think that’s right.”

1 . What made Elizabeth Kperrun set out to create this mobile phone application? A . She set out to create this app for school education. B . She developed the app to meet the need of fashion design. C . She created this app to preserve African folk stories.

D . She invented this app in order to preserve her childhood stories. 2 . What does the underlined word narrates most probably mean in the third paragraph? A . Tell.

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B . Enjoy. C . Paint. D . Print.

3 . What can we infer from the passage?

A . Technology is able to take the place of traditions. B . The process of becoming Western causes loss of traditions. C . Modern technology can be destructive to social development. D . Africa is becoming Western very quickly. 4 . What is discussed in the passage?

A . African oral traditions will be lost as modern technology develops. B . An African woman develops mobile phone app to preserve folk stories. C . African people preserved history through storytelling. D . Internet connections and social media affect African traditions.

★B

阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案. Estate agents, traffic wardens and car salesman could all be replaced by artificially intelligent robots within the next 50 years, according to leading British scientist Dr Maggie Aderin-Pocock.

Dr Aderin-Pocock polled 2,000 people about which jobs they thought would be the first to be taken over by machines. Almost two thirds (65 per cent) said traffic wardens, 40 per cent said estate agents and 33 per cent said car salesman. Overall, 48 per cent admit that advances in technology made them fear for their job.

Dr Aderin-Pocock agreed that rapid advances in technology over the course of this century are expected to continue at an astonishing rate. “All this may seem the stuff of science fiction, but actually when you look more closely, science fiction has often led the way for technology development,\" she said. \"Look at Captain Kirk’s communicator(Star Trek) and tell me that it’s not a mobile phone – and his system probably did less than the latest smartphones we have today.”

For service sector jobs, she predicts that therapeutic care for the elderly could be taken over by robots. Artificial intelligence (AI) in the caring sector is already being tested, with therapeutic robots that respond to the user’s tone and facial expressions. “You might prefer to be in the hands of – an overworked, underpaid, disenfranchised(没有公民权利的) worker doing long hours for least or no pay, or a therapeutic robot designed to respond to your every need.\" said Dr Aderin-Pocock.

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Once people become comfortable with the use of AI technology in the home, attitudes towards its more general use may be transformed. Dr Aderin-Pocock suggests that the technology could extend to childcare, for example.

Further advances in technology could also lead to people investing in android companions. Some scientists believe that these companions could eventually lead to a decline in populations, with artificial relationships replacing human ones.

\"I can see the adverts now: ‘He won’t leave the seat up'!\" she joked. \"We are unlikely to see this sort of thing in our lifetimes if it happens at all, but it is interesting to imagine the possibilities.\"

1. What message did Dr Aderin-Pocock’s poll convey?

A . People feared that they would lose jobs due to the advances of technology. B . People were enthusiastic that many jobs could be done by intelligence robots. C . People were glad that some service jobs could be done by intelligence robots. D . People were sure that in the near future the world would be filled with robots. 2. What is the purpose of the author by mentioning Captain Kirk in the passage? A. To tell us that his communicator was the origin of smartphones. B . To emphasize the topic of the passage is focused on science fiction. C . To prove that science fiction leads the way of technology development. D . To compare the communicator and the system of a mobile phone. 3. What makes one prefer to have a therapeutic robot at home? A . One can make it work long hours but pay it less.

B . One can make it take care of little children at the same time. C . It doesn’t ask for the rights of a citizen.

D . It is designed to respond to all the need of the owner.

4. What does the underlined sentence most probably mean in the passage? A . It is helpful and never makes trouble.

B . It is a good companion and won’t leave you alone. C . It is so busy that it doesn’t even have a rest. D. It uses the bathroom and won’t push the seat up.

★C

阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案.

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This year has seen a rush in the popularity of smart gadgets, with items like 3D printers making it onto Christmas lists for the first time. The trend is a sign of the way technology will accelerate in 2015, according to futurologist Dr James Bellini. “The centerpiece of our future is rapidly becoming the digital hub for our increasingly connected lives,” he said. “Our homes are set to be enriched further by energy; from high-tech gadgets and appliances to smart devices.”

Dr Bellini claimed a recent report showed that the average home was transforming, as consumer buying habits changed. The report found that in 2015, the most wanted products will be 3D printers, followed by smart devices that connect to our phones - primarily thermostats and security systems, as well as solar-powered chargers.

3D printing is a technology moving further into the mainstream, with the first artificial limbs created from 3D printers being used on patients this year. Not only are the devices now on sale in retailers, but there are multiple mobile apps that enable users to create and buy figures and toys that are printed in 3D.

“3D has been described as the biggest economic revolution since Henry Ford introduced production line manufacturing in the 1900s,” Dr Bellini said. “NASA already use it to turn out rocket parts; they are also developing ways to deploy 3D technology to produce on-board meals for the manned Mars missions planned for 2030 and beyond. Nutritionists are looking at ways of printing food items for the elderly to match individual nutritional/dietary needs. And although it’s early days for 3D printed pizzas and chocolate, it won’t be long before every home has gone 3D.” The report also found that one of the products people were most looking forward to having in their home were domestic robots, with 26 per cent of those surveyed highlighting humanoids as a desirable product in years to come.

Technology giant Honda already has a domestic robot, Asimo, who can remember faces and serve drinks, and made its first appearance in Europe this year. 1 . What will our homes be like in the future?

A . Our homes will be using 3 D printers to produce meals for the family. B . Our homes will be controlled by a digital hub with robots working around. C . Our homes will be equipped with high-tech tools as well as smart devices. D . Our homes will be filled with 3 D printers, thermostats and solar-powered chargers.

2 . What is the significance of the first artificial limbs created from 3D printers? A . 3D technology has gained popularity in other areas. B . Figures and toys printed in 3 D have been very popular. C . The biggest economic revolution has started since Henry Ford. D . Space technology has been pushed forward.

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3 . What can we infer from the passage?

A . 3D technology will cause a revolution in space exploration. B . The biggest economic revolution started from the year 1900. C . We will live on 3D printed foods in the near future. D . People can buy 3D printed pizzas and chocolates in shops. 4 . What can be the best title of the passage? A . 3D Printed Foods Meet Nutritional Needs.

B . 3D Technology Will Be Widely Used in Future Life. C . Astronauts Will Eat 3D Meals on Mars Mission. D . Domestic Robots Will Help out Housework in Future. 5 . What is the author’s attitude toward our increasingly connected lives? A . Suspicious. B . Concerned. C . Pessimistic. D . Expectant.

★D

阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案.

Sir Bernard Hogan-Howe has met with law enforcement experts at the

headquarters of the New Yorkpolice department as the level of cybercrime（网络犯罪） increases ahead of officers’ ability to control it.

The Metropolitan Police commissioner said encryption（加密）on computers and mobile phones is preventing police from investigating and leaving parts of the web as “anarchic（无的）places”. He called on communication providers and internet companies to do more to protect the public from the so-called “deep” internet.

Speaking at the conference in the U.S, he said: “We cannot allow parts of the internet - or any communications platform - to become dark and ungoverned space where images of child abuse are exchanged, murders are planned, and terrorist plots are progressed.

“In a democracy we cannot accept any space - virtual or not - to become anarchic where crime can be committed without fear. Yet this is in danger of happening.” He added: “Privacy is important, but in my view the security of communications methods

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and devices is growing beyond what any genuine domestic user could reasonably require. The levels of encryption and protection in the devices and methods used to communicate are preventing police from keeping people safe.”

Sir David Omand, a former director ofBritain’s electronic surveillance（监控）agency, GCHQ, told Parliament’s Intelligence and Security Committee: “They are failing, because cybercrime is racing ahead, and the dark web is expanding. There aren’t enough experienced cyber detectives, the tools for cybercrime can be bought, law enforcement can’t access the communications data.” The law enforcers had been forced to look to the intelligence community, which was primarily involved with safeguarding national security, to help protect society from threats of terrorism and crimes. This has led to an incorrect idea that this amounted to mass surveillance, which was not the case, according to Sir Omand.

The remarks made by Sir Hogan-Howe comes days after the new head of GCHQ, warned that US technology companies are becoming the “command and control networks of choice” for terrorists.

1 . What difficulty did the police have looking into cybercrimes? A . The level of cybercrime increases beyond their ability. B . Privacy on the computer stops them looking into cybercrimes. C . The democracy policy gives space for anarchic individual. D . The codes used on computers prevent them from investigation. 2 . What does “deep” refer to in the Paragraph Two? A . Hard to understand. B . Hard to reach the bottom. C . Difficult to control. D . Hard to see clear.

3 . What does Sir Bernard Hogan think of privacy? A . It is playing a negative role in public security.

B . It is important and every user requires privacy protection. C . It is used to protect the users’ computers. D . A true internet user doesn’t require privacy.

4 . Why did Sir David Omand think police were failing to fight against cybercrimes? A . The cyber detectives were inexperience. B . They couldn’t obtain the communication data. C . Cybercrimes are committed without fear.

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D . The cybercrime developed too fast to be controlled. 5 . What can we infer from the passage?

A . US technology companies are supporting cybercrimes in some way. B . US technology companies have produced tools for cybercrimes. C . Terrorists choose US technology companies to challenge public security. D . US technology companies will be investigated by the police soon.

【答案】 ★A 1-4 CABB ★B 1-4DCDB ★C1-5 CACBD ★D1-5 DCABA

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