初中英语常用不规则动词的过去式与过去分词、现在分词

原形 过去式 过去分词 do did done go went gone beat beat beaten eat ate eaten fall fell fallen blow blew blown draw drew drawn drive drove driven give gave given 过grow grew grown 去know knew known 分take took taken 词mistake mistook mistaken 词尾rise rose risen 有see saw seen nshow showed shown ethrow threw thrown 或hide hid hidden eride rode ridden nwrite wrote written 或break broke broken n choose chose chosen forget forgot forgotten freeze froze frozen speak spoke spoken steal stole stolen am / is was been are were been fly flew flown lie lay lain wear wore worn bring brought brought build built built buy bought bought 过catch caught caught 去dig dug dug 式feel felt felt 与find found found 过get got got 去hang hung / hanged hung / hanged 分have / had had 词has 形hold held held 式keep kept kept 相lay laid laid 同 learn learnt / learnt / learned learned leave left left lend lent lent lose lost lost 原形 过去式 过去分词 hear heard heard make made made mean meant meant 过meet met met 去pay paid paid 式say said said 与sell sold sold 过send sent sent 去shine shone / shone / 分shined shined 词sit sat sat 形sleep slept slept 式smell smelt smelt 相spend spent spent 同 spill spilt spilt spit spat spat spoil spoilt spoilt stand stood stood sweep swept swept teach taught taught tell told told think thought thought understaunderstood understood nd wake woke / waked woken / waked win won won cost cost cost 三cut cut cut 个hit hit hit 形hurt hurt hurt 式let let let 全put put put 相read read /red/ read /red/ 同 /ri:d/ set set set shut shut shut ibegin began begun -drink drank drunk aring rang rung -sing sang sung usink sank sunk 形swim swam swum 式 become became become come came come run ran run 情can could － 态must must － 动will 词 may shall would might should － － － 注意区别catch, bring, think, buy, teach这几个词的过去式与过去分词 初中英语不规则动词的过去式与过去分词归纳

一．过去分词词尾有字母-n 1．过去分词由原形加-ne构成

do-did-done go-went-gone 2．过去分词由原形加-en构成

beat-beat-beaten eat-ate-eaten fall-fell-fallen 3．过去分词由原形加-n构成

blow-blew-blown draw-drew-drawn drive-drove-driven give-gave-given grow-grew-grown know-knew-known take-took-taken

mistake-mistook-mistaken rise-rose-risen see-saw-seen show-showed-shown throw-threw-thrown

4．过去分词由原形去字母e后，再双写后面的辅音字母加-en构成（＊例外）

hide-hid-hidden ride-rode-ridden write-wrote-written forget-forgot-forgotten＊ 5．过去分词由过去式加-n构成

break-broke-broken choose-chose-chosen freeze-froze-frozen speak-spoke-spoken steal-stole-stolen 6．完全不规则形式

am / is-was-been are-were-been fly-flew-flown lie-lay-lain wear-wore-worn

二．过去式与过去分词形式相同

bring-brought-brought build-built-built buy-bought-bought catch-caught-caught

dig-dug-dug feel-felt-felt find-found-found get-got-got

have / has-had-had hold-held-held keep-kept-kept leave-left-left

lay-laid-laid lend-lent-lent lose-lost-lost pay-paid-paid

hear-heard -heard make-made-made mean-meant-meant meet-met-met

say-said-said sell-sold-sold send-sent-sent sit-sat-sat sleep-slept-slept smell-smelt-smelt spend-spent-spent spill-spilt-spilt

spit-spat-spat spoil-spoilt-spoilt stand-stood-stood sweep-swept-swept

teach-taught-taught tell-told-told think-thought-thought win-won-won understand-understood-understood wake-woke / waked-woken / waked

shine-shone / shined-shone / shined hang-hung / hanged-hung / hanged learn-learnt / learned-learnt / learned 三．原形、过去式与过去分词三种形式完全相同

cost-cost-cost cut-cut-cut hit-hit-hit hurt-hurt-hurt

let-let-let put-put-put set-set-set shut-shut-shut

read /ri:d/-read /red/-read /red/ 四．i-a-u变化形式

begin-began-begun drink-drank-drunk ring-rang-rung sink-sank-sunk swim-swam-swum 五．过去分词与原形相同

come-came-come run-ran-run become-became-become 六．情态动词（没有过去分词形式）

can-could must-must will-would shall-should

sing-sang-sung

may-might

动词过去式变化规则及其读音规则

来自: VIPABC(真人在线，实时互动) 2011-01-21 10:15:30

规则动词的过去式变化如下：

1、一般情况下，动词词尾加 -ed ，如：

work ---worked play---played wanted----wanted act----acted

2、以不发音的 -e 结尾动词，动词词尾加 -d，如：

live---lived move----moved taste---tasted hope---hoped

3、以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词，把-y变为-i 再加-ed，如：

study---studied copy---copied cry---cried carry---carried

4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加 -ed，如：

stop ---stopped

5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。

go – went make – made get – got buy - bought come - came fly-flew

不规则动词的过去式的构成

1．把动词原形中的i改为a，变成过去式。如：

begin—began，drink—drank，give—gave，ring—rang，sing—sang，sit—sat，swim—swam

2．把重读开音节中的i改为o，变成过去式。如：

drive—drove，ride—rode，write—wrote

3．改动词原形中的aw ／ow为ew，变成过去式。如：

draw—drew，grow—grew，know—knew，throw—threw（动词show除外，show—showed）

4．动词原形中的e改为o，变成过去式。如：

get—got，forget—forgot

5．动词原形中的ee改为e，变成过去式。如：

feed—fed，meet—met

6．动词原形中的eep改为ept，变成过去式。如：

keep—kept，sleep—slept，sweep—swept

7．动词原形中的eak改为oke，变成过去式。如：

break—broke，speak—spoke

8．动词原形中的ell改为old，变成过去式。如：

sell—sold，tell—told

9．动词原形中的an改为oo，变成过去式。如：

stand—stood，understand—understood

10．以ought和aught结尾，且读音是〔 :t〕的过去式。如：

bring—brought，buy— bought，think—thought，catch—caught，teach—taught

11．以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如：

can—could，shall—should，will—would

12．把动词原形中的o改为a，变成过去式。如：

come—came，become—became

13．在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式，并且发生音变。如：

hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕， say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕，mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕

14．动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如：

let—let，must—must，put—put，read—read〔red〕

15．不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如：

am，is—was，are—were，build—built，do—did，eat—ate，fall—fell，feel—felt，find—found，fly—flew，go—went，have ／has— had，hold—held，leave—left，make—made，may—might，run—ran，see—saw，take—took

过去式“-ed”的发音规则

（1）动词词尾为“t，d”时，发/ id /音， want →wanted （要）need →needed （需要） （2）动词词尾为清辅音时，发/ t / 音。

help →helped （帮助）laugh →laughed （笑）look →looked （看） kiss →kissed （吻）wash →washed （洗） watch →watched （注视） （3）动词词尾为t，d以外之浊辅音或元音时，发/ d /音。 call →called （叫）stay→stayed （停留）cry→cried （哭）

动词第三人称单数变化规则

1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为[s]，在浊辅音及元音后发音为 [z]。如：

①stop－stops [s] ; make－makes [s] ②read－reads [z] ; play－plays [z]

2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，然后在加“es”读[iz] 如： fly－flies [z]； carry－carries [z] study－studies [z]; worry－worries

3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的，在词尾加“es”，发音为[iz] 如： teach－teaches [iz]; watch－watches [iz] 4、以“o”结尾的动词，加“es”，读[z] 如： go－goes [z] do－does [z]

下面几个动词变为单数时，原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化，请注意记忆。 如：

1、do [du:]－does [dz] 2、say [sei]－says [sez]

以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词，如果尾音是[s]，[z]时，加“s”后字母“e”发音， 与所加“s”

一起读做[iz]。 如： close－closes [iz]

be动词包括：am， is， are。第三人称单数用 is；过去式为 was；复数用are，过去式为were.

动词形式：现在进行时的构成是:主语+be+动词ing〔现在分词〕形式

动词变化规律：

1.直接+ ing(例：sleep+ing sleeping)

2.去e+ing(例：bite-e+ing biting)

3.重读闭音节，且末尾只有1个辅音字母，双写辅音字母+ing(例：sit+t+ing sitting)

4.特殊变化：die-dying,lie-lying，tie-tying

5.不规则变化

常用方式：

A 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。

例：We are waiting for you.

B. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。

例：Mr. Green is writing another novel.

(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)

例：She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.

C.已经确定或安排好的将来活动

I'm leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.（已经安排了）

we're flying to Paris tomorrow.(票已经拿到了）

D.有些动词不用进行时态的（状态动词不用于进行时态）

1.表示知道或了解的动词:believe,doubt,forget,imagine,know, remember,realize,suppose,understand

2.表示“看起来”“看上去\"appear,resemble,seem

3表示喜爱或不喜爱hate,

4表示构成或来源的动词 be come ,include

5表示感官的动词 hear see smell sound taste

6表示拥有的动词belong . wish

举例：一般都是有明显的时间状语：

eg : today, this moring,this year,now, while,at the moment等等

(1)当句子中有now时，常表示动作正在进行，这时要用现在进行时。 如：

They are playing basketball now.现在他们正在打篮球。

(2)以look, listen开头的句子，提示我们动作正进行，这时要用现在进行时。 如：

Listen！She is singing an English song.听，她正在唱英语歌。

(3)表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作，且此时有this week, these days等时间状语，这时常用现在进行时。

如：We are making model planes these days.这些天我们在做飞机模型。

(4)描述图片中的人物的动作。

如：Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park.看这幅图，那些孩子正在公园放风筝。