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【英语】高考介词考及试题答案

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【英语】高考介词考及试题答案

一、单项选择介词

1.The captain of the ship was advised to turn back a sudden heavy storm. A.due to C.in addition to 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】

考查介词词组辨析。句意:由于突然来了一场暴风雨,船长被建议返航。A. due to由于;B. by means of通过;C. in addition to除……之外;D. instead of代替,而不是。故A选项正确。

B.by means of D.instead of

2.____ making decisions, the human brain cannot be compared with the computer because in the long process of evolution the slow pace of life didn't require such an ability of the human brain.

A.On behalf of B.In contrast to C.In salute to D.In terms of 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】

考查介词短语辨析。句意:在做决定方面,人类的大脑无法与计算机相比,因为在漫长的进化过程中,生活的缓慢节奏并不需要人类大脑有这样的能力。A. On behalf of代表;B. In contrast to相反;C. In salute to表示敬意;D. In terms of按照,在…方面。此处指在做决定方面,故选D.

3.Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68℃ ______ the average. A.below 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】

考查介词。句意:去年是有史以来最暖和的一年,全球气温比平均高出0.68摄氏度。A. below (the average)平均以下;B. above (the average)平均以上; C. about (the average)平均水平;D. on(the average)平均。根据Last year was the warmest year on record可知此处用“平均以上”符合语境。故选B项。

B.above

C.about

D.on

4.As is known to all, the law requires equal treatment for all, ________ race, religion, or gender. A.in spite of 【答案】C

B.in terms of

C.regardless of

D.in virtue of

【解析】 【详解】

考查介词短语辨析。句意:众所周知,法律要求人人平等,不论种族、宗教或性别。A. in spite of尽管,不管;B. in terms of在…方面,从…角度看; C. regardless of不管,不顾; D. in virtue of由于。in spite of与regardless of的使用语境是不同的。in spite of 意为“即使...也不...”是否定语气。例句:He failed to lift the rock in spite of all his exertions.他虽竭尽全力,但仍然未能将那石头搬起来。regardless of 表示“无论…都要…”的意思,是肯定语气。例句: I shall go regardless of the weather.我不管天气如何都要去。 因此两个词在语气和意思上都有明显差别,故选C。

5.A great man shows his greatness _____ the way he treats little man. A.under 【答案】D 【解析】

考查介词的用法。“借助某种方法和手段”常用“by ”; 而\"with\" 强调使用工具,常与 with this method 搭配。

B.with

C.on

D.by

6.Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea? A.about C.with 【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】

B.to D.over

考查介词辨析。句意:你是否有听说过树是陆上动物和海上动物的家?home to sth 固定搭配,表示……家园。该句是一个疑问句,其中还含有一个定语从句。比如这个句子转化为陈述句应该是You have ever heard of the trees that are homes _______animals both on land and sea? 然后把定语从句单独拿出来看将会是trees are homes_____ animals both on land and sea. 根据固定搭配自然知道答案是to。故选B。 【点睛】

本题考查到了分析句子成分的能力。当遇到一个句子比较复杂的时候,比如含有从句或疑问句时,要划分句子成分。对于疑问句,首先把它转化为陈述句,然后找出句子的主谓宾,把那一些修饰成分去掉,最后就可以知道该题考查的是be home to sth.

7.You’d sound a lot more polite if you make a request ______ a question. A.in search of 【答案】B

B.in the form of

C.in need of

D.in the direction of

【解析】

考查介词短语。此处意思是“以问题方式向对方提出请求显得更有礼貌”。in the form of 符合句意。in search of“寻找”,in need of“需要”,in the direction of“朝……方向”。

8.(北京)When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California, you will be ___________ trees that are over 1,000 years old. A.among C.behind 【答案】A 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】

B.against D.below

考查介词。句意:当你开车穿过加州的红木森林时,你将会位于超过百年历史的树木之间。 be among 位于……之间; be against 反对; be behind 在……后面; be below在……之下。根据句意,故选A。 【点睛】

对于介词辨析题目,首先可以从句意着手,看懂句意是解答此类题目的关键,其次四个选项的意思也要了如指掌。这对于平时学生的基本知识进行考查,学生在平时的学习中要勤积累,多记忆,多多积累,以便在考试时能够迅速准确的答出,还有的是一些固定搭配,需要了如指掌。

9.The volunteers aim to help victims of disasters _____ their race or nationally. A.regardless of B.in spite of C.on account of D.in charge of 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】

考查介词短语词义辨析。句意:志愿人员的目的是帮助灾难的受害者,不管他们的种族或国籍。A. regardless of不管,不顾;B. in spite of尽管;C. on account of因为;D. in charge of负责。故选A。

10.(2015•湖北) This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you ___________ that if you smoked here you would be fined. A.in advance C.in total 【答案】A 【解析】

B.in detail D.in general

试题分析:句意:这个会议室是无烟区域。我想提前警告你:如果你在这里吸烟,会被罚款。A项“提前”;B项“详细地”;C项“总共,总计”;D项“大体上,笼统地”。故选A项。 考点:介词短语辨析

【名师点睛】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析介词短语的能力。题干中的关键词“if you smoked here you would be fined”这一虚拟语气表示这是假设的情况,因此是在“提前”警告某人。另外,考生应注意积累“in+n.(+of)”这一常考搭配。

11.It is advised that our living expenses should be ________ our economic conditions so that we can live within our means.

A.in control of B.in line with C.in contrast with D.in advance of 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】

考查词组。A. in control of控制; B. in line with与------一致; C. in contrast with与------形成对比; D. in advance of在------前面。句意:有人建议我们的生活费用应该与我们的经济条件相适应,这样我们才能量入为出。结合句意可知答案为B。

12.(江苏)China’s soft power grows _______ the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally.

A.in line with B.in reply to C.in return for D.in honour of 【答案】A

【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意:中国的软实力增长与日俱增与全球对中国的赏识和理解相一致。A. in line with按照;与……一致;B. in reply to答复;C. in return for作为……的报答;D. in honour of为纪念,为庆祝。故选A。

点睛:本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析介词短语的能力。考生平时在学习中多积累之外还需要充分利用特定语境理解词义,还应注意多辨析意思相近的介词短语,重点关注它们用法上的区别。

13.Everybody was touched ______ words after they heard her moving story. A.without C.against 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】

考查介词辨析。句意:听到她的感人故事之后,每个人感动得无法用语言来形容。A. without没有;B. beyond超越;C. against反对;D. despite尽管。beyond words表示“在言语之外”,即不能用言语来表达,也就是“无法形容”了。故B选项正确。

B.beyond D.despite

14.Friendship can never be a trade; ______, it needs the most thorough and unprofitable concept. A.in addition 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】

考查介词短语辨析。句意:友谊永远不能变成一个交易,相反,它需要最纯粹最无利益的理念。A. in addition除此之外;B. by contrast相反;C. in return作为回报;D. by chance偶然地。 前后两句表达的是相反的意思,by contrast“相反”符合语境。故B选项正确。

B.by contrast

C.in return

D.by chance

15.The new product is beyond all praise and has quickly taken over the market ________ its superior quality. A.in terms of C.on behalf of 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】

考查介词短语。句意:这款新产品很快获得了极高的赞扬,并且因其超级好的质量而迅速占领了市场。A. in terms of就……而言;B. on account of由于;C. on behalf of代表……;D. on top of在……顶端。商品能够迅速占领市场,是由于超级好的质量,所以前后是因果关系。故B选项正确。

B.on account of D.on top of

16.— When did you last hear ______ Jay?

— He phoned me this morning, and we agreed ______ a time and place to meet. A.of, to 【答案】D 【解析】

考查固定词组。Hear from sb收到某人的来信;agree on在…达成协议。结合句意可知D正确。—你什么时候收到Jay的来信的?—今天早晨他打我的电话了。我们就见面的地点和时间达成了协议。

B.about, with

C.from, with

D.from, on

17.The ancient Silk Road ________ China and Europe has become an ideal place for studying and traveling. A.among 【答案】D 【解析】

试题分析:考查介词。句意:中国和欧洲之间的古代丝绸之路现在已经变成了一个学习、旅游的好场所。between...and...在……和……之间,故选D。

B.along

C.across

D.between

考点:考查介词

18.As the traditional Spring Festival is approaching, shop owners from all walks of life offer large discounts ______ high sales income from their customers. A.in anticipation of B.in celebration of C.in explanation of D.in possession of 【答案】A

【解析】考查介词词组辨析。A. in anticipation of期待,预期;B. in celebration of庆祝;C. in explanation of解释;D. in possession of拥有。句意:随着春节的临近,各行各业的店主都提供大折扣,期待来自他们客户的高销售收入。提供折扣的目的是期待有高的销售收入,故选A。

19.We didn't travel much during the holiday, ______because of the tight budget, but also because of the huge crowds. A.in turn 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】

考查介词短语辨析。句意:我们假期没怎么旅行,一部分是因为紧张的预算,还因为是人太多。A. in turn依次,反过来;B. in part一部分;C. in vain徒劳;D. in effect实际上。根据but also because of the huge crowds.可知,“没钱”只是部分的原因。故选B。

B.in part

C.in vain

D.in effect

20.(北京)—Good morning, Mr. Lee’s office.

—Good morning. I’d like to make an appointment _________ next Wednesday afternoon. A.for B.on C.in D.at 【答案】A

【解析】考查介词。句意:——早上好,Lee先生办公室。——早上好。我想预约下周三下午(和Mr. Lee见面)。make an appointment for意为“为……预约”,是固定搭配,故A选项正确。

点睛:make an appointment with sb.和某人预约;make an appointment for为……预约。

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