高考英语高频词组

1 abandon oneself to sth. 完全屈从于（某种感情或冲动）

2 have a (the )ability to do sth. ( have the ability in doing sth.)有能力做某事3 to the best of one's ability 尽力4 be about to do when

正准备做某事突然。。。…　

5 above all 首先，最重要；

in all 总计after all 毕竟; 终究

6 at home and abroad 在国内外go abroad 出国7 in sb.'s absence 不在时in the absence of （人）不在时be absent from 缺席

8 be absorbed in 全神贯注于9 access to 接近；进入

10 by accident 偶然by chance by mistake 由于错误11 be delayed through an accident 由于事故而耽误12 be accompanied by 附有；伴随

13 according to (后面不接view,opinion…); in my opinion

14 collect accounts收账；open an account 开账户；keep accounts 记账; account for说明; give a full account of 做一个完整的说明; on account of=because of 因为

15 accuse sb. of控告某人；…　

charge sb. with sth. 起诉某人；

Blame sb. for sth. 责备某人

16 be accustomed to sth.( to doing sth.)=be used to sth.(to doing sth.)习惯于干某事17 have some acquaintance with 熟悉；熟知18 come (run) across （偶然）碰到; get sth. across 使人理解；领会

19 act as充当，担任

act out 表演（对话、故事）；

act on(upon) 对。。。起作用20 catch sb. in the act of doing sth. 抓住某人干某事；

take action 采取行动

21 be active in 在。。。积极take an active part in 积极参加lead an active life过着积极的生活

22 adapt oneself to 使自己适应adapt sth. to 使某物适应

adapt from 根据。。。改写

（改编）

23 add in 包括；加进去add to 增加；加强add… to 把。。。加到。。。上

add up to 合加起来

24 be addicted to sth.( doing sth. ) 嗜好。。。的；上了。。。瘾的25 in addtion/ in addtion to 此外26 deliver an address to 向。。发表演讲giving a closing address 致闭幕词

an address

of welcome 欢迎词

27 admit to sth.( doing sth.) 承认28 in advance=beforehand 提前

29 be of great (no ) advantage to 对。。。大大有利（毫无裨益）gain(have) an advantage over优于；胜过；

take advantage of sb. 利用某人；欺骗某人

30 put an advertisement 登广告31 ask for sb.'s advice 征求某人的建议give sb. advice on how to do sth. 就如何

何干某事提出忠告

32 advise sb. on sth. 就某事对某人提出忠告；advise sb. against( doing) sth.劝某人不

干某事

33 be afraid of 害怕；担心be afraid to do 不敢做某事

34 be after 寻求；追求

35 be against one's proposal 反对（意见

go against nature违背自然stand against the

wall 靠墙而立

36 at the age of 在。。。岁时；

be under age 未成年

37 agree with sb.( what 从句); agree with the climate/饮食对气候等的适应agree to +advice/suggestion/ idea/proposal … agree on (upon) 。。。就。。达成一致

意见

38 ahead of ( time) 在。。。前面

go ahead 继续；前进

39 aid sb. in sth./aid sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事in aid of 支持；give sb. first aid对某人实施急救40 aim at 瞄准

41 on the air（用无线电、电视）播送in the air 在空中；by air 乘飞机；put on (give oneself) airs 摆架子

42 all along 一直；始终all over the country(world)遍及全国（世界）all alone 单独；独自地all but 几乎；差一点

43 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事allow doing sth. 允许做某事

44 let alone 更不用说

There is not enough room for us,let alone six dogs.

45 get along (on) with 在。。。方面有进展take along with 随身携带

46 not only

…but also

47 make an analysis of 分析48 in the ancient time 在古代49 and so on/and so forth 等等50 be angry about sth.对某事生气be angry at sth.因某事生气

be be angry with sb.生某人的气

51 annoy sb. with sth./annoy sb. by doing sth. 因。。。使某人生气；52 one after another 相继53 answer for 对。。。负责

answer sb.'s call 回电话make no answer 不作回答

54 be anxious about ( for) 为。。。担心

be anxious to do 渴望（急于）做某事

55 apologize to sb. for sth./ make an apology to sb. for sth 因某事向某人道歉

56 in appearance 外貌上make one's appearance 登台by/from all appearances 显然57 apply…to…　将。。应用于

apply for 申请apply to 适应于apply oneself to 专心

致志于；apply to sb. for sth. 向某人申请某物

58 appoint sb. to a post 派某人任某职; appoint a time for the meeting 约定开会时间59 approach to 接近make an approach to 对。。。进行探讨60 approve of 赞同

61 argue with/against sb. about/on sth. 与某人辩论某事；argue sb. into doing 说服某人做某事

62 arm in arm 肩并肩hand in hand 手拉手; shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩take sth. in one's arms抱be armed to the teeth 全副武装63 arrange for 安排；准备

arrange with sb. about sth. 与某人商定某事

make an arrangement( arrangements) for

做好准备；安排…　

as a whole 作为总体on the whole 总体上65 as…as one can 尽力；尽可能66 as to/with regard to 至于；说到67 be ashamed at sth. 为某事感到羞愧

be ashamed for 为某人感到羞愧

68 ask for sth. 请求ask sb. for sth. 向某人索取某物ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某

事

69 every aspect of=all the aspects of 各个方面

70 assist sb. with sth./assist sb. in doing sth./assist sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事71 associate..with

把。。。和。。联系起来…　

; in association with

与。。。联手…　

72 be astonished( surprised) at (the news) 对。。感到惊奇

73 at the latest 最迟

74 e attached to 附属于。。。；依恋；attach sth. to

把。。贴上…　

把。。系在。。。

上

75 attempt/try to do sth.(make an attempt to do sth.) 企图做。。。；attempt at sth. 试图获得

76 attend on/to sb. 照看/护理某人；

attend to 关心；照料

77 attract/capture/catch/draw/get one's attention 吸引某人注意hold one's attention on 将注意力集中于devote one's attention to 专心于

turn one's attention to 将注意力转向pay attention to 注意

78 one's attitude towards

某人的态度对。…　

79 on (the ) average按平均；above( below) average 平均以上（下）

80 be aware of 意识到，觉察

81 back and forth 来回地（屋内）

82 at the back of sb./at sb.'s back 支持某人；at the back of 在。。。后lie on one's back 朝天躺着83 go from bad to worse 每况愈下84 go bad(wrong/hungry) 变腐

85 keep(lose) balance 保持（失去）平衡;

be in the balance 悬而未决

86 ban( prohibit) sb.from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事

be under a ban被禁止

87 base sth. on/upon sth. 以。。。为基础；be based on 基于

on…basis=on the basis of 以。。。为根据；在。。。基础上

88 battle against 向。。。开战；battle with 与。。。搏斗；

battle for为。。。而

战

because of + 名词（代词、

what 从句）

90 make the bed 整理床铺；in bed/on the bed 在床上

91 beg sb. to do sth.恳求某人干某事；beg for sth. 请求得到

beg sth. of sb.恳求某人

某事

92 begin with 从。。。开始

93 on behalf of 代表; on sb.'s behalf 以某人的名义

94 believe in 信赖

95 belong to (无被动语态) 属于96 beyond recognition认不出来

beyond belief 难以置信

beyond description 无法用言语表达beyond sb. 对某人来说难以理解

97 by birth 在血统上

at birth 诞生；出生

give birth to 生（产）

98 bit by bit 一点点地do one's bit 尽一点（份）quite a bit 相当多

比较：not a bit 一点也不not a little 很，非常99 be black and blue 遍体鳞伤

100 bear the blame 受过lay/ put the blame on/upon sb. for sth. 把责任推到某人身上

高考常见句型短语

（1）act短语：

act as 担任……职务，起……作用act for 代理（某人职务），代为（处理某事）

act out 表演（对话、故事等）

act up 捣乱，出毛病

例如：

Mr Black is acting for the old man in his case. (布莱克先生代那个老人处理他的案件。)

The children were acting out the story of the birth of Jesus.

He’s a tough kid and he acts up a lot.

（2）break短语：

break away 摆脱，脱离

break away from …　脱离……，奋力挣脱……

break down 出故障，坏掉，中止，累垮，分解break in 打断，插话，闯入，强行进入

break into

…　闯入……，破门而入

break (sth) off （使某物）折断，中断某事物，突然停止break out （战争、火灾）突然发生，爆发

break out in tears 突然大哭break the rule 违反规定break through 突围，冲跨

break up 分解，，拆散，碎开

（3）bring短语：

bring about 引起，导致，使发生

bring along 把……带来，领来

bring back 拿回来，使恢复

bring sb back 送回某人

bring sth / sb back to life 使……生动/活泼，使……苏醒

（比较：sth / sb come back to life 复苏，苏醒）

bring down 使……降低，减少，使……倒下，使……落下

bring down / up (the price) 降价／提价[比较：(the price ) go down / up 价格下降

/

上涨]

bring in 引进（技术），赚钱，带来（收入），吸收

bring on 发展，引起，导致，使前进

bring out 拿出，出版，生产，揭露，阐明，使表现出

bring to 使苏醒

bring … to use = put

…对to use ……加以利用

bring / carry sth to / into effect 实施……（比较：sth come / go into effect 开始实施）

bring up 抚养，培养，哺育

例如：

A huge amount of environmental damage has been brought about by the destruction of the rainforests.

You’re welcome to bring along a friend.

The government hopes these measures will help to bring down inflation (通货膨胀). American country music brings in more than $10 billion each year. This new kind of technology was brought in in the early 1980s.

Stress can bring on (=lead to / result in) headaches and other illnesses. Jenny opened the cupboard and brought out a couple of bottles. He was brought up by his grandparents.

（4）call短语：

call at (sp) 访问（某地），拜访（某地）[比较：call on (sb) 拜访（某人），访问

（某人）]

call back 回电话

call for 提倡，号召，要求，需要，去接某人，接走某人

call / shout for help 呼救call in 请来，召集，来访，打电话

call off 取消call on / upon 号召

call out 大声呼喊，叫喊call sb…for short 简称某人……

call sb names 谩骂某人

call up 给……打电话，使人想起，号召

（5）come短语：

come about 发生，产生

come across 偶然相遇

come along 来，随同，进展，加油come at …　向……袭击come back 回来，想起来，复活

come down 下来，下落，传下

come down to…　到达，从一处来到另一处come for…　来拿，来取come from…　来自，出生于

come in 进来，进入

come into being 形成，产生

come into use 使用起来

come off 脱落，从……离开

come on 过来，跟我来，加油，来吧，赶快

come on / upon sb / sth 偶然遇见，偶然碰上，偶然发现come out 露出，出来，出现，出版，发（芽），（花）开

come over to

…　过来，顺便来访，从一个地方来到另一个地方

come round / around （非正式）来访，串门

come to …　来到，出现，提及，达到，共计，结果是，苏醒

come to an end 结束，终止

come to know 逐渐地知道

come to life （变得）活泼，苏醒过来come to light 显露，为人所知come to oneself 苏醒过来，恢复知觉

come to / into power 当权，上台

come / go to ruin = fall into ruin 变成废墟come to terms with

…　甘心忍受

come true 变为现实，成为事实

come up 被提出，上来，走来，上升，抬头，长出来come up to sb 朝某人走来come up with

…　提出，想出（主意），找出（答案），赶上

例如：

A number of educational reforms have come about as a result of the report. I came across an old friend of mine in the street the other day. Your English is coming along really well. Come along / on! Dont give up yet! ’Come along / on! We

’re all waiting for you!

Suddenly, he came at me with a knife.

Now, let’s come back to what I was saying a moment ago.

It is impossible for a dead animal to come back.

Snow was coming down so thickly that I could hardly see through the window. The airplane came down in that field.

Where does the film star come from, do you know?

Mr Smith came in in a hurry, book in hand (= with a book in his hand).

The law first came into being in 1912.

By the time he came to / into power in 1951, he was already seventy.

How long is it since the electronic computer came into use?

The button came off, but he didn

’t notice it.

There is no doubt that the truth will come out one day.

The trees turn green and flowers come out.

This magazine comes out once a month.

Why don’t you come around / round for lunch?

Some day you’ll come to know the mistakes you have made.If they don

’t come to a decision by midnight, the talks will be abandoned.

I’ve forgotten her name, but maybe it’ll come to me later.

The bill came to 480 in total. ￡

His dream of becoming a film star came true at last. A child came up to me and showed me the way. The same problems came up at the meeting yesterday.

They came up with the same problems at the meeting yesterday. Searching through the drawer, I came upon the letter I

’d been looking for.

（6）cut短语：

cut away 切除，剪去

cut down 砍倒，砍下，削减

cut in 插嘴，加塞，插入

cut in line 插队cut … into pieces / halves 把……切成碎片/切成两半

cut off 切断（线路），中断（供应）

cut out 删除，剪下来

cut the cost of

降低…　……的成本cut up 切碎，剪碎，剁碎，齐根切掉

例如：

He cut away some branches, making it look more beautiful. A lot of trees there were cut down in the past. The electricity was cut off because of the storm.

He was sentenced to death and had his head cut off the next day. Could you cut the pizza up, please?

（7）do短语：

do about 处理，应付do and don’要与不要t

do a good deed 做一件好事do a lot of walking 走很多路do a test 做实验，做化验

do a word puzzle 猜字谜

do an experiment / experiments 做实验do away with 废除do body-building 做健身操do chores 处理琐事，干家务

do housework 做家务活do make-up 化妆，打扮do observations 观察do one’s best 尽某人最大努力do one’s homework 做作业do research on从事…　……研究工作

do sb a favour 帮某人一个忙

do sb honor = do honor to sb 礼遇某人，对某人表示敬意do sb the favour to do sth 帮某人一个忙做某事do some reading 读书，阅读，看点书

do some shopping = go shopping 购物，买东西

do sports = have / play sports = take exercise 进行体育运动，做运动，进行锻炼do sth in turn / by turns = take turns to do sth / in doing sth 轮流做某事do telephone interviews 进行电话采访do the laundry 洗衣服

do up 打扮，梳妆，收拾，把（衣服，鞋子等）扣/系好do up one’s shoes / hair 系好鞋带/梳好头do up the button 扣纽扣do well / better in

在………　方面干得好/更好

do with 处理，处置，对付do wrong 做坏事，做错事（比较：

do right = do the right thing 做得对）

例如：

To tell the truth, I don

’t know how to do with him.

I’ll have nothing to do with him from now on.What did you do with that camera you found?

The poisonous waste may do great harm to the things around us. Eat more fruit; it will do good to you.

I think I can do better in English this year than last year. Liszt said,

“You’ve done wrong, but I can see you are truly sorry about it.

I’m going to do my best this year.I was only trying to do a good deed.

（8）get短语：

get a better understanding of China 更好地了解中国

get a full mark / full marks 得满分get a lot of satisfaction 得到满足

get at 意指，本意是

get around = get about 四处走动，活动

get away 移走，拿走，逃脱，逃离

get away from 逃脱，逃离

get back 回来，回家，取回，找回，退还

get close to 接近get down 下来，降下

get down on one

’s knees 跪下get down to (doing) sth 开始（做）某事）

get in 进入，收获，达到get in a word 插话

get into

…　进入…… get sb into

使某人陷入…　

get it 接（电话），应（门），理解，懂得get off 下车，脱下（衣服等）

get on 上车，过活get on / along with

进展，与…　

……相处get on one

’s feet （艰难地）站立起来

get out 离开，出去

get out of 逃避，避免

get over 克服，恢复，原谅

get up 起床，起身get across 理解，度过

get through 接通（电话），完成（工作），通过（考试）get to 到达，抵达

get to sleep 入睡，设法睡着

get / gain / take possession of 占有，拥有，占领get ready for 为……做准备

（比较：be ready for = be well prepared for = be in preparation for 为……做好了准备）get rid of 除掉，去掉get sb to do 让某人做

get the idea for

想到…　……的主意get the message across 传播信息

get together 相聚，碰头，联欢

get / be used to sth 习惯于……，适应于……（比较：be used as sth 被用作……be used for sth 被用于……，用来做……be used to do sth 被用于做……used to do sth 过去常常做）get / be dressed 穿衣服

get / be engaged (to sb) （与某人）订婚get / be lost 丢失了，迷路

get / be married (to sb) = marry (sb) （与某人）结婚get / be stuck 陷进去，被困住，被难住，遇到困难

get / be tired of 对……感到厌倦，对……失去兴趣（比较：get / be tired for 因……而感到疲倦）

例如：

I’m getting on well with my classmates now. How are you getting along with your English? He got the book away from her.

The bank robbers used a stolen car to get away. ”When did you get back from the countryside? Have you got back the book you lent him? “Get down on your knees,

” said the Genie,

“for I am going to kill you.

The dust has got into my eyes.

This mistake may get him into difficulties.

Before I could get in a word he had measured me, and was giving orders for evening

suits.

If you knock into someone, or get into his way, you should say,

“Excuse me.” or “I’m

sorry.

”

When you are in London, you might get in touch with a friend of mine.

The conductor got off and checked the rails.

She got on her bicycle and cycled off.

You work too hard! You should get out a bit more.

If you dont want to go, I suppose I can get rid of the ticket. ’

We all try to get together at least once a year at Christmas time.

It took us only four minutes to get through the Customs(海关).

I telephoned him, but I just couldn

’t get through to him.

She felt so cold that she got close to her mother.

”

It’s time we got down to work.

The theatre was already full, and we couldn’t get in.

The peasants are busy getting in the crops. We didn’t get up until lunch time.He got up and walked over to the window.

（9）give短语：

give away 赠送，给予，背弃，泄露，分发

give back 归还，送回

give in 投降，让步，屈服

give off 释放，发出，放出

(烟、光、热等)

give out 用完，耗尽，分发，发放give over = hand over 转交，移交

give up 放弃，辞去give a concert 开音乐会

give a description of

描述…　…… give / make a speech 演讲，讲话

give a talk 演讲，做报告

give birth to 生婴儿，生产，造成

give close attention to 密切关注give medical care to sb 对某人进行治疗

give shade in summer 夏天时遮阳

give / lend sb a hand 给某人帮助

give sb a message = give a message to sb 给某人捎个口信

give sb a second look 再看某人一眼

give sb a warm welcome 热烈欢迎某人

give sb some advice on sth / doing sth / how to do sth 就……向某人提出建议/忠告

例如：

In those days, he used to give away a part of his income to help his friend.

Remember not to give it away to anyone else; it

’s a secret.

Both sides argued with reason, and neither would give in. If they are burned, they will give off poisonous gases.

When they made ready to climb the next ridge (山脊), they found that their oxygen had

given out.

Our English teacher is giving out the test papers.

Both the man and the horse gave out after the long ride.

All hope of finding the missing aircraft was given up and the search stopped.

Mary had to give up her job after her marriage.

Mr Black will give us a talk on how to learn English well this afternoon.

Could you give us some advice on reading?

If you won

’t have it changed, please give my money back.

（10）go短语：

go abroad 出国go about 四处走走，开始做，着手干go about from house to house 挨/逐家拜访go against 违反，违背go ahead 说吧，干吧，领先，走在前面go / walk around 四处走走

go away 走开，离去

go back 回去

go beyond 超越go by 走过，经过，（时间）消逝，过去go down 下来，落下，倒下

go down on one’s knees 跪下

go for 为……去，努力获取，主张，适用于go for a hike = go hiking 去徒步旅行

go for a job interview 去面试找工作go for a walk / walks 散步

go for sb 对某人也一样go in for 参加，喜欢

go into 详细调查

go into details 细说

go off 走开，离去，（闹钟）闹响

go off to = be off to = leave for 动身去

go off the air 停止广播（比较：go on the air 开始广播）go on 发生，进行，继续

go / be on diet 在节食

go on (a) holiday 去度假go on a tour to 去……观光（游览）go on a visit to 去……访问（参观）

go on doing sth 继续做某事（同一事）

[比较：go on to do sth 继续做某事（另一事）

go on with sth 继续某事]

go out 熄灭，出去

，外出go over 复习，过一遍，仔细检查，审阅

go past 从……的旁边过去

go up 上升，上涨，增长，攀登

go with…　与……相配

go without 忍受没有……之苦，没有……也行，没有……也能勉强应付

go shopping / fishing / sailing / camping / skating 去购物/钓鱼/驾船航行/宿营/滑冰

go straight along 沿着……一直往前走

go through 通过，经受，浏览，仔细检查

go through with 完成

go to bed （上床）睡觉

go to school / work 上学/上班

go to sea 当水手go to sleep 入睡go to town 进城go to a movie 去看电影

go to the country(side) 下乡go home / there 回家/去那儿go to see a doctor 去看病，去看医生

go bad 变坏

go wrong 出毛病，不对头，做错事，误入歧途go Dutch 各付各的帐，平摊费用

例如：

No one dared to go against the rules.

—Do you mind if I open the window? / Do you mind my opening the window?

—No, go ahead.

I went away /off wondering if I

’d said anything wrong.

I’m afraid the fish has gone bad.

Things will get easier as time goes by.

He went by quickly, taking no notice of us.

If you really want the job, go for it!

Close all the doors and lock them when you go out. The same goes for windows. I go in for all the competitions.

After a short pause, Maria went on with her story. Suddenly the candle went out.

Once again I went over exactly what I needed to say. Let’s go over what we learned last period.

Do you want me to go through this and check your spellings? Unemployment in that country has gone up by a million. It is possible to go without food for a few days.

Something’s gone wrong with my watch; I must have it repaired.

（11）have短语：

have a break 休息一下have a bright future 有一个灿烂的未来

have (got) a cold / cough / headache / fever 感冒/咳嗽/头疼/发烧have a conversation with sb 与某人交谈[比较：have a dialogue with sb 与某人对话

have a talk with sb (about sth) （就某事）与某人进行交流

have a word with sb = would like a word with sb 和某人谈几句，跟某人说句话]

have a gift for

对………　有天赋（比较：have a reputation for

有………　名誉/名声）

have a good flight （坐飞机）旅途愉快have a good knowledge of 对………　很熟悉，通晓……have a good laugh over

对………　笑了个够

have a good / great / wonderful time = have (great) fun 玩得（非常）高兴，过得愉快have a / the habit of

…= be in a / the habit of有……的习惯…　

（比较：get into / form the habit of养成…　……的习惯

get sb into the habit of使某人养成…　……的习惯）have a hit 风靡一时

have a large population 人口众多

have / take a look 看一看have a meeting / party 开会/举行晚会have a nice / pleasant trip / journey 祝旅途愉快have (got ) a pain (in the

（身体某部位）痛…)

have a part-time job 做兼职工作

have a (good) rest 休息

have / take a seat 坐下（比较：have / take one’s seat 坐某人的座位）

have a stomachache 胃疼，肚子疼

have a sweet tooth 喜欢吃甜食

have a swim 游泳have a table tennis match 举行一场乒乓球比赛have a test 进行测验

have a try 试一试

have / show an appetite for

有………　的欲望或爱好

have / make an appointment with sb 和某人有预约, 和某人有约定have an effect on / upon

对………　有影响，对……产生作用

（比较：influence… = affect 对…　……有影响have no effect / influence on 对…　……没有影响have a good / bad effect on 对………　有好/坏影响

have a great / little effect on 对……有很大的影响…　/影响不大

have a strong influence on对………　有很大影响）

have / take an exam 参加考试have an eye for 有眼力，有眼光

have an income of 有………　的收入

have access to

使用（接近…　……的）权利或机会

have breakfast / lunch / supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭have lessons / classes 上课

have mercy on…　宽恕……，对……仁慈，对……表示怜悯

have no chance of surviving 没有生存的可能性have no choice but to do sth 别无选择，只好做某事have none of

根本不理睬…　…… have on 穿着

have sth on sb 某人身上带着某物

have / take one’s medicine 服药，吃药

have some difficulty / trouble / problems with

在……有困难…　/麻烦事

[比较：have some difficulty / trouble / problems (in ) doing sth 做某事有困难/麻烦]

have something / nothing in common (with（与………) ）有共同点／没有共同之处（比较：have much / a lot in common with

与………有许多相同之处

have little in common with与………　几乎没有相同之处）

have something / nothing to do with 与……有关／无关…　

have to = have got to 不得不，必须

例如：

Class is over. Let’s have a break.

I’ve got a cough.

Dad and I had a good laugh over that. They are having a good time. He stopped to have a look.

We are going to have a table tennis match tomorrow afternoon. Are we going to have a meeting this week? Here is a tree. Let me have a rest. Are you going to have a swim？We’ll have a test tomorrow.

Where is Peter? I want to have a word with him. Does she have lunch at home？

Then it has no choice but to lie down and sleep.

He knew about the order, he knew why the soldiers were there, but he would have none of it.

We have four lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon. Most of his questions have nothing to do with his lessons. I noticed that he had on bedroom slippers. Please come here and have my seat, Granny. He hasn’t had any medicine.

At three fifty in the afternoon we have sports.

（12）hold短语：

hold a meeting / party 开会/举行晚会

hold back 退缩，踌躇，阻挡，控制住

hold one’s breath 屏息，不出气

hold on 等一等，不要挂电话

hold on to 抓住，保住

hold out 伸出，坚持下去，维持

hold up 阻挡，使停顿，举起，拿起，阻滞

hold together 连在一起，团结一致

例如：

Anger flooded through her. She couldn

’t hold it back.

—Could I speak to Mr Smith? —Hold on, please.

The little boy held out his hands. I think water supplies won’t hold out much longer.

Sorry, I

’m late. I was held up at work.

（13）keep短语：

keep away from 避开，别靠近keep back 隐瞒，忍住，阻止……向前，留下keep down 控制keep off 勿踏，勿踩keep off sb / sth 不接触或不接近某人/某事物

keep on 继续进行

keep out 不得入内

keep…out 把……挡住，把……留在外面keep out of 不进入…　……

keep up 继续，保持，坚持，使（情绪等）不低落keep up with

… = catch up with跟上，赶上…　

keep a date 赴约keep a healthy diet 保持健康的饮食keep a record / records 保持记录keep an eye on 注视，留心，注意，照顾

（比较：keep an eye out for 注视，留心，注意）

keep busy doing 忙着做某事keep fit 保持健康

keep…in mind = learn

…by heart = remember把………　记住

keep (on) doing sth 继续不停地做某事

[比较：keep sb doing sth 使某人一直/继续做某事keep … from doing 阻止……做，不让……做stop / prevent

… (from) doing 妨碍/预防/阻止……做，不让……做]

keep one’s appointment 守约（比较：break one’s appointment 违约）keep one’s balance 保持平衡keep one’s word(s) 遵守诺言

keep safe 保持安全

keep silent over

对…　……保持沉默

keep the same look 保持原貌keep watch 保持警戒，站岗

例如：

I would have been here sooner, but the rainstorm kept me back.

Every week there was a rebellion（造反）somewhere, and the Austrian soldiers were kept

busy hurrying from one town to another in order to put down the rebellions.

While Leonov was outside the ship, he kept in touch by telephone with his companion

and with the earth.

He kept on telling us the same story over and over.

You may depend on his doing what he says, for he is a person who always keeps his

words.

Danger! Keep out!

Will this overcoat keep the rain out?

It is also bad manners to keep silent when the teacher asks you a question. The rain kept up all night.

I see you are getting along well with your English studies. Keep up the good work.

The good news keeps our spirits up.

He walked so fast that I could hardly keep up with him.

Every few hundred meters along the wall there are watch-towers, where soldiers used to

keep watch.

There is a sign there saying,

“Keep off the grass.

”

（14）knock短语：

knock at /on 敲打（门、窗等）knock down 把……撞倒，击倒

knock into 撞到，撞上某人，偶然碰见knock sb out (of sth) 淘汰某人

knock over 撞

翻，撞倒

例如：

We knocked at / on the door but there was no one there. He was in hospital last night after being knocked down by a car. Tom entered the classroom hurriedly and knocked into Mr. White. He almost knocked into me before he realized it.

If no one answers the front door, try knocking at the back door.

（15）look短语：

look at 看着，注视，检查

look at oneself in the mirror = admire oneself in the mirror 照镜子look after 照顾，照料，照看

look ahead 向前看，展望未来

look around / about 四处看看，四下环顾look back 回首，回忆，回顾过去

look back on

…　回顾……，回忆……

look forward to sth /doing sth 盼望，期盼某事物/做某事look for 寻找，找look in 来访，参观

look into

…　往……里面看，浏览，调查，研究

look (right) into sb’直视着

s eyes look like

…　看起来像……　（比较：look the same 看起来像）

look on 旁观，观望

look out = be careful = take care 留神，当心，注意，警惕，提防

look out for 警惕，留心，找出来

look over…　翻阅，（仔细）检查

look through 看透，仔细查看，浏览，翻阅，温习

look up 仰视，往上看，（在字典或参考书中）查阅，查寻

look up to sb 敬仰，仰望，尊敬（比较：

look down on / upon sb 瞧不起，鄙视，轻

视）

look / be worried 看上去/感到担心

例如：

The boy is old enough to look after himself.

He spent two weeks in Shanghai, looking around / about the city. We are looking forward to hearing from you soon.

Join us. Don

’t just look on.

They all looked on him as a member of their family. Look out! There is danger ahead.

I shall look out that I don

’t trust him again.

He looked through his notes before writing the report.

Look through these photographs and try to pick out the man you see. I must look up the time of your train.

A fox came to the tree and looked up at the cock.

I’ve always looked up to Bill for his courage and determination.

（16）make短语：make into 制成，作成（后面跟产品，制成品）[比较：be made in 在……生产/制造

be made of 由……组成/构成，用某种原材料制成（物理变化）be made from 由……组成/构成，用某种原材料制成（化学变化）be made up of = consist of 由……组成，由……构成] make out 理解，看清楚

make up 化妆，打扮，和解，配制，编造，虚构，构成，组成make up for 弥补，补充，补偿made up one’s mind 下决心

make a choice 做出选择

make a commitment 承诺，保证

make a comment / comments (on / upon（对………) ）发表评论

make a (great) contribution to为………　做出（巨大）贡献，为

……捐款

make a decision 做出决定

make a (no) difference （没）有关系/影响

make a face / faces 扮鬼脸make a fire 生火

make a film / blockbuster／follow-ups 拍电影/巨片／续集make a fool of sb = fool sb 愚弄某人（比较：

make fool of

…　愚弄）

make / leave / create a good impression (on sb) （给某人）留下好印象make a mistake / mistakes 犯错误

make (a) noise 制造噪音，发出令人不愉快的声音make a note / notes of记录，做笔记…　

，记下来

make a plan (for

（为… ) ……）制订计划，制订一个（

……的）计划

make a point of doing sth 认为做某事重要或有必要

make a promise 承诺

make a record 录制唱片，做记录

（比较：record a song 录一首歌

set a world record 创造世界记录）

make (a) suggestion (on

提出（关于…) ……）的建议

make a telephone call 打电话make / take a trip / journey to 去某地旅行…　

make conversation 交谈make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵make friends with sb 与某人交朋友make fun of…　取笑，嘲笑，和……开玩笑

make it（事业上）获得成功

make jokes about sb 拿某人开玩笑，以某人为笑柄make mistake about

犯了…　……错误make / earn money 挣钱

make oneself at home 不拘束，别客气make oneself known 使/让自己出名

make one’s way to往………　走去make progress (in （在…) ……方面）取得进步

make sense 有意义，有道理，讲得通make sense of…　弄懂……的意思

make sth to (one

’s own) measure （按自己的尺寸）定做

make sure 确保，确认，查明make the adjustment to适应…　…… make the / one

’整理床铺s bed

make (full) use of

…= make the most / best of 充分)利用

… (

例如：

Bamboo is also made into paper. Our desks and chairs are made of wood.

The paper for books and newspapers also is made from wood. This engine is made up of 490 parts.

The actor made himself up for the part of an old man.

These days many girls make up when they are still quite young. She made up a good lunch from bits and pieces. There isn

’t any little girl called Kitty here. He has just made her up.

Hard work can often make up for lack of intelligence. Everyone should make full use of time.

But wait till you see what we’ll make for you to your own measure.I have made up my mind, and nothing you say will change it. They made fun of my mistakes when I tried to speak English.

（17）pass短语：

pass away 去世，死（委婉说法）

pass by 通过，从旁边经过

pass down 传下来，流传，使世代相传

，一代一代传下去

pass on (to sb) 转交给(某人)，传给(某人)

pass on from one generation to the next 一代代流传下来pass out 失去知觉，昏厥

pass through 穿过，越过

pass sth from one to another 把某事物从一人传到另一人手上pass the examination 通过考试

例如：

Dr Johnson passed away last night.

They all waved to us as they passed by.

The tradition has been passed down from father to son for generations.

She said she

’d pass the message on to the other students.

I nearly passed out when I saw the blood.

（18）pay短语：

pay attention to 对………　注意，留心……

pay a visit to sb / a place 访问，拜访（某人），参观（某地）pay back 偿还（借款），报答，报复pay for 付款，付费，付代价（比较：pay a high price for

付高价）…　

pay off 还清（欠款）pay sb a visit 拜访某人pay the bill 买单，付帐单

例如：

He promised to pay the money back by Friday. The old in our city don

’t need to pay for transport.

After ten years of hard work he paid off all his debts at last.

（19）pick短语：

pick out 挑选，认出

pick up 拾起，接收，学会（语言），开车去接，康复，购买（便宜商品）

例如：

His story was picked out as the best by the judges. The phone rang and I picked it up. I’ll pick you up at the station.

I managed to pick up an American news broadcast.

After a short break they picked up the topic they talked about earlier. I picked up the unusual stamp by accident.

I picked up a few words of Greek when I was there last year.

（20）put短语：

put away 将某物收拾起来，存钱，储存，存起来put down 扑灭，平息，，记下put forward 提出，建议，推荐

put off 延期，拖延

put on （戏）上演，放（唱片），穿戴put on a performance 演出

put out 扑灭，熄灭，使……停止燃烧，伸出，出版，生产put up 挂起，张贴，举起，抬起，搭起，建立put up with 忍受，容忍

put into 使进入，输入，投入

put／translate…into 把……译成put one’s heart into全神贯注于…　……put sb in / into prison 把某人关进监狱put …to use 使用……，运用……

put a date to sth 注明日期

（比较：set / fix the date 确定日期to date 到目前为止）put an end to

结束…　…… put

…together 把……放在一起

例如：

We put away the tools before we leave the workshop.

All the medical workers in the region helped to put down the influenza epidemic（流感）. Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today.

We are putting the play on again next week owing to its success. The firemen soon put the fire out. The doctor told me to put out my tongue.

It’s time that we put up the Christmas decorations（装饰物）in the living room.

Drop your weapons and put your hands up.

Another supermarket has been put up near our house.

I can’t put up with a lot of noisy people when I am working.

The government is putting more money into education this year. As students, we should put our heart into studies.

（21）send短语：

send away 让走开send for sb 派人去请某人，请某人来send in 寄送某处进行处理

send out 派遣，发出（信号、通知等）

send up 发射，射出，往上送send sb to sleep 让某人睡觉

send signals by

通过…　……发送信号

例如：

Get back into bed. I

’ll send for the doctor.

The ship is in danger; it is sending out an SOS signal. The rocket will be sent up tomorrow morning.

（22）set短语：

set about (doing) sth 着手，开始

set aside 留出，搁/放在一边

set down 放下，记下set off 出发，起程，引起爆炸，激起，引起

set out (for

出发往（…) ……），动身去（……）

set out to do 开始做，着手做

set up 创立，设立，开办，竖起，支起set /give a (good) example to

为………　树立（好）榜样

set a goal 设定目标set fire to sth = set sth on fire 纵火，放火烧set foot on / in

踏上…　……，到达，进入

set one’s mind to do sth一心想做

set sail for 起航去…… set sail from 从……起航set sb a good example in

在………　为某人树立榜样

set sb free 释放某人，某人

例如：

As soon as she arrived, she set about tidying up（整理）the room. Try to set aside some time each day for exercise. They’ve set off on a trip round the world.

Together the four men set out to look for the lost animal. He set out to write a history of civilization（文明）. We’ll certainly set up a complete modern industrial system.

A few scarecrows（稻草人）were set up in the field. Let’s set up the tent first, and build the fire later.

The police are trying to find out who set fire to the building last night. He was set free after three years in prison. Comrade Lei Feng set a good example to us all.

（23）stand短语：

stand by sb = support sb = take sb

支持某人’s side

stand for 代表，表示，象征，容忍，支持

/拥护，为……的候选人

stand out 突出，显眼

stand up 起立，站起来

stand still = stay still 站着不动

例如：

CPC stands for the Communist Party of China.

Stand still, and let me take a picture of you.

（24）take短语：take after 与某人相像

take along 带领，携带

take … apart = separate 把………　分开take away 拿走，拿去，使离开take away from

…　从……带／拿走take back 退回，拿回，收回

take down 拿下，记下，记录take for…　当作……，误以为是……

take in 吸收，接纳，上当

take off （飞机）起飞，脱掉（衣帽/鞋），成名，成功，很快上升，开始流行

/畅销

take on 呈现take out 拿出，取出take over 继承，接管，接替

take up 从事，开始，专注于，占去（时间、空间、地位等）take a bank loan 向银行贷款

take a bath 洗澡

take a chance / chances 碰运气，冒险take a critical attitude towards

对……持批判态度…　

take a few deep breaths 深呼吸take / have a degree in

取得…　……学位

take a hands-on approach to education 通过动手实践的方式来进行接受教育

take a message (to sb) （给某人）捎个口信比较：leave a message (to sb) （给某人）留个口信take a photo (of

（给…) ……）照相，拍（……）照片

take a risk / risks 冒险take a shower 沐浴，洗澡take a sip 呡一小口

take a taxi to... = go to ...by taxi 乘出租车

take a walk / ride / holiday 散步／兜风／休假take (an) interest in

对………　感兴趣

（比较：be into = be interested in 对……感兴趣have / show interest in 对……感兴趣）take advantage of 对……加以利用

take … by surprise 对……突然袭击，出乎……意料take care 小心, 注意take care of 照顾，照看take effect 生效，奏效

take exercise 运动，活动

take … for example 以……为例take / get / catch hold of 握住，抓住take it easy 放心好了，别着急，从容，不紧张

take ... into consideration 顾及，考虑到，体谅

（比较：under consideration 在考虑中，在研究中）

take lessons 上课take notes 做笔记，做记录

take notice of 注意

take one’s seat 就座，坐在自己位子上（转义为就职）

take one’s time 从容，不急，慢慢行动[比较：take time 花费（时间）]

take part 参加

（比较：take part in… = join in… = participate in参加…　……

take an active part in

积极参加…　……）

take place 发生，出现，举行[比较：take the place of … = take sb’s place 取代，代替（某人的位置）

]

take pride in

…= be proud of对………　感到自豪

take responsibility for

… = be responsible for 对……负起责任…　

take sb in the arms 拥抱，搂抱

take / hold / keep sb prisoner 囚禁/俘虏某人

（比较：sb be taken / held / kept prisoner 某人被囚禁/俘虏）take sb seriously 看重某人

take sb some time to do sth 花费某人……时间去做某事take sb’s temperature 给某人量体温take sth along with sb 随身携带某物

take shelter 躲避

take sides with sb in sth 在某事上支持/偏袒某人

take steps / measures / action to do sth 采取措施做某事，采取（……的）行动

take turns to do sth / in doing sth 轮流做某事

例如：I’m sorry. I

’ll take back what I said.

Take care! The car is coming. My plane takes off at 11:00 sharp.

We can’t have such a big table in this small room. It takes up too much room.

（25）think短语：

think about 思考，考虑（是否去做）think of 想到，想起，认为，对

……有看法/想法

think out 想出think over 仔细考虑think through

思考…　……直到得出结论

think up 提出，想出，设计出

think twice 再三考虑，仔细考虑

think highly / well of = speak highly of = sing high praise for

对……高度评价

例如：

I’m sorry. I can

’t think out your name.

When I was in the States, I often thought of my friend Li Hua. Think it over, and you

’ll find a way.

（26）turn短语：turn against 转而反对，背叛

turn around / round 转身，转过来

turn … away 赶走……，辞退……，把……打发走

turn on 打开（灯，气，水，电器等）

turn off 关掉（灯，气，水，电器等）

turn up 把音量开大，卷起，翻起，发生，出现，到达

turn down 关小/调低（音量／热度），拒绝

turn over 把……翻过来，翻动，犁翻（土地），细想

turn in 交进，上缴，归还

turn into 变成

turn…into…　把……变成……，转变成turn to

…　转向……，向……求助，查阅

turn out 结果是，生产

turn out to be 被证明是, 结果是

turn right / left 向右/向左拐turn writer = become a writer 成为作家

例如：

Those who were once for him have turned against him.

Turn in everything captured（缴获的）.

I’m going to turn my garage into a playroom for the children.

Be sure to turn off the lights when you leave the room. Shall I turn on the bath water for you?

He turned the meat over in the pan（平底锅）. They always turn to me when they are in trouble. His attention turned to the pretty young girl.

Turn the radio down a little. I can scarcely hear the program. He turned the coat collar（衣领）up because of the wind. Something will turn up to get you out of the difficulty.

2．以介词或副词为中心的动词短语（便于强化记忆）

（l）动词+about

speak／talk about 谈论think about 思考

care about 关心，对……有兴趣

bring about 引起，使发生set about 着手，开始come about 发生hear about 听说

worry about 为……担心

（2）动词+at

aim at 向……瞄准，旨在

run at 冲向，向……攻击call at 拜访(地点) tear at 用力撕look at 看，注视

work at 干……活动（研究）come at 向……袭击shout at 冲(某人)嚷嚷stare at 凝视glare at 怒视glance at 匆匆一瞥laugh at 嘲笑

knock at 敲（门、窗等）point at 指向

smile at 冲（某人）笑strike at 向……打击shoot at 向……射击wonder at 惊讶

（3）动词+away

die away 逐渐消失put away 收拾起来，存起来pass away 去世wash away 冲走take away 拿走give away 背弃，泄漏send away 让走开turn away 把……打发走wear away 磨掉，消耗

throw away 扔掉blow away 吹走

carry away 拿走，使入迷clear away 清除掉，消散break away 摆脱

（4）动词+back

keep back 隐瞒，忍住hold back 控制住give back 归还call back 回电话take back 拿回，收回

look back(on) 回顾

（5）动词+down

cut down 削减，砍倒put down 记下，写下，take down 记下，记录turn down 调小，拒绝slow down 慢下来pass down 传下来calm down 平静下来burn down 烧毁tear down 拆毁，拆除come down 下落，传下break down 坏了，垮了，分解bring down 使……降低，使倒下settle down 安家

（6）动词+from

die from 因……而死

hear from 收到……来信learn from 向……学习differ from 与……不同suffer from 受……苦result from 由于

separate…from 把……分离开

keep／stop／prevent…from 不让……做date from=date back to 始于……时期，追溯到

（7）动词+for

run for 竞选ask for 要求得到beg for 乞求wait for 等候look for 寻找call for 需要，要求hunt for 寻找long for 渴望care for 关心，喜欢seek for 寻找come for 来拿，来取apply for 申请stand for 代表，表示search for 查找change…for 用……换

charge…for 收费，要价

take…for 误以为……是

hope/wish for 希望得到

（8）动词十in

get in 收获，进入fill in 填写cut in 插入join in 参加look in 来访，参观hand in 上交drop in 拜访give in 让步take in 接纳，吸收call in 召集，来访bring in 引进，使得到收入break in 强制进入，插话result in 导致

succeed in 在……获成功persist in 坚持

（9）动词十into

run into 碰到

look into 研究，调查，往里面看burst into 闯入，进发turn into 变成

change…into 把……变成divide…into 把……分成

put／translate…into 把……译成

（l0）动词+of

die of 死于talk of 谈到hear of 听说think of 想到dream of 梦到speak of 谈到consist of 由……组成approve of 赞成complain of 抱怨

become of 发生……情况，怎么啦

（11）动词+out

go out 熄灭

set out 出发，着手

try out 试用，试验

put out 扑灭run out 用完

let out 泄漏，发出(声音)

pick out 选出hold out 坚持下去

wear out 穿破，使……疲劳make out 理解，看清楚keep out(of) 使不进入，挡住find out 查出，弄明白work out 算出，想出办法等send out 发出，派遣give out 散发，分发，用完look out 当心，提防hand out 散发，分发help out 救助turn out 结果是，生产come out 出版，出来cross out 划掉burst out 进发