高考议论文写作指导

河北省涞源县第一中学 074300 李增林

议论文用来论述某个道理，阐明某种观点，它一般包含三个要素：论点、论据、论证。写议论文时,要求做到论点正确鲜明,论据充分,论证合理,语言简练,层次清楚,逻辑严密,并且在整个论证过程中,论点始终要保持一致。

议论文的结构大致分为三个部分（1）开头提出问题，即提出所议论的话题；（2）分析问题，这是议论文的主题。这一部分是针对论题进行分析，论证论点。（3）最后解决问题。这一部分或归纳论点，或是总结全文，或是明确任务，提出办法。

议论文的常用时态为一般现在时

综观高考试卷,高考议论文书面表达主要考查形式有辩论式议论文、一事一议议论文两大类 。

一、正反辩论式议论文写作指导 写作示例:

现在很多中学采用封闭式管理，即在一段时间内不允许学生走出学校。为此，你班同学进行了讨论， 请你根据下面的提示用英语写一篇短文，介绍讨论情况。 赞成 1． 学生可以专心学习 2． 学生可以免受外界不良因素影响。 反对 你的看法 1． 老师监管学生一切， 缺乏。 ？ 2． 生活单一，不利全面发展 注意：1。词数120--150左右，开头已给出，不计入总数。 2。 可增加细节，语句要连贯。 3。全面的 full-scale 题型特点:

正反辩论式议论文是高考书面表达的一种常见形式.它主要选择一些贴近中学生生活或社会热点话题为内容,以赞同或反对、正面或反面 、优点或缺点两种截然相反的观点展开论述,最后谈谈自己的观点和看法. 命题形式:提纲表格式、提纲要点式 解题步骤:

(1)提出问题,点明主题:首先用一句话来概括全文写作背景,即点明议论的观点. 由于这是一个需要讨论才能得出结论的话题,因而开头句要具有疑问性质,或使用疑问句,或使用具有选择性的 whether...or...。

(2)正方(支持)观点及并阐明理由以支持自己的观点.列出了第一种观点后,就用列举法展开,可使用连接性词语:For one thing,...For another thing.....Finally(In addition, Moreover).

(3).反方(反对)观点及反对理由.为使文章连接自然,可使用陈述对立观点的衔接词,如on the other hand,on the contrary,however等: ( 4) 视题目要求发表自己的观点. 注意事项 :

1. 开头句如使用一般过去时,注意其他段落不要使用,要用一般现在时. 参：

Recently our class have had a heated discussion about whether to close up the school and never let the students out for a while.

There are different opinions about it.Some students think it is a good way to control the student.To begin with,the student can have a very long time to study so that they may concentrate on their studies if they are forbidden to go out of the

school.Secondly,while staying at school,the students can protect themselves from some bad social factors.In a word,it is a good thing for the students to grow up. However,other students are against the idea,saying that at school students’ activities are all under teachers’ instruction ,which won’t help the students become indepent of their teachers.Worst of all,students live a single life and this won’t be of benefit to their full-scale development.

As far as I am concerned,I agree with the former opinion and I think it reasonable to some extent.Only in that way will we get a good mark in the examination and be ready for the opportunities in future. 实战演练:

有的老师经常向家长反映学生在校的情况，特别是学生的某些不足。就此，你班开展了“老师是否有必要经常与学生家长保持联系？”的讨论。请你用英语把讨论结果写出来，并表达自己的看法。 赞成的理由 1． 家长可随时了解学生在校学习、生活情况。 2． 家长可以和老师一起帮助学生。 注意：1。词数要求 100---120

2．开头已给出，不计入总词数。

Recently our class have had a heated discussion about wheather it is necessary for the teacher to often keep in touch with the students’ parents.

Some of my classmates are in favour of the idea.They think the teacher should often tell everything the students do at school to their parents.One of the main reasons

反对的理由 1． 老师主要向家长反映学生的过错。 2． 学生容易与老师对立，最终放弃学习 你的看法 ？ 2.注意人称的使用,不要出现混乱.

is that the parents can learn more about the students’ study as well as life at school.On the other hand,the parents can do whatever they can in time to join hands with the teacher to help the students.

Others,however,think that they should not.They think it is their own faults that the teacher informs of the parents,which will lead to the students’ being scolded.If a student were often punished, he would go against the teacher’s wishes and give up studying in the end.

In my opinion,it is important that the teacher should be objective at all times.

实战演练:

近年来，作为一种新兴的交流方式，微信 (WeChat) 正变得越来越受欢迎。请根据下列表格提示，写一篇英语短文谈谈微信的利弊以及你的观点，并适当扩展。

利 使用便捷; 获取资讯；便于交流；...... 弊 浪费时间；损害健康；泄露个人信息；...... 你的观点 ……

注意：1. 词数：120左右, 开头已给出，不计入词数；2. 书写工整、卷面整洁

Nowadays, WeChat is becoming more and more popular in the world. ________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

Nowadays, WeChat is becoming more and more popular in the world. Different people, however, hold different opinions on this matter. Opinions are divided into two groups.

According to some people, there are lots of reasons for the popularity of Wechat. First of all, it is easy to use. You can log in to it with your phone number and start a conversation by tapping the speak button. In addition, Wechat is a wonderful platform for people to share an ample amount of information. It even supports sending photos and videos. Meanwhile, using Wechat, you can also do group chats, or find new friends nearby to talk to, which helps make many friends and express your feelings and opinions more freely.

On the other hand, some people argue that although Wechat benefits us a lot, it has some drawbacks. When using WeChat, people tend to forget time and some may

even get addicted to it, which will definitely affect their study and work. At the same time, spending too much time on the screen does affect eye health, which may cause trouble. Worse still, people may reveal their personal information while using it, which may lead to crimes.

As far as I’m concerned, everyone is supposed to exploit Wechat within limits. As a student, I acknowledge that Wechat is not only beneficial but also dangerous. Therefore, I insist that we shouldn’t spend too much time on it. We should balance life’s competing interests--- in a student’s case, study, health and safety. And it’s of vital importance for us to protect ourselves when we use it.

实战演练:

假如你是李华。上周，你班举行班会，主题为：“父母有没有必要陪读？”请你根据下表所列情况给校长写一封信，客观地介绍讨论的情况，以及你的看法。 70%的同学认为：父母不应该陪读。弊端：...... 30%的同学认为： 父母应该陪读。益处：......

One possible version Dear headmaster，

I’m writing to tell you about the discussion we had last week at our class meeting about whether our parents should accompany us studying at school.

We do have different opinions on this matter. Most of us (about 70%)think our parents should not accompany us studying at school since it make us fall into the habit of dependence, so that we won’t form the good habit of studying. What’s more, it is harmful for us to form the habit of controlling ourselves. At the same time it affects our parents’ work, studies and rest.

While about 30%of my classmates think it necessary for our parents to accompany us studying at school. Accompanying us studying at school can let us have more time to spare for our studies. Besides, we shall be more healthy for their cooking. On the other hand our parents can help us set up our aim, urge us to finish our task, encourage us to overcome difficulties and get us into the good habit of studying. In my opinion, it would be a better way for parents not to accompany us students to improve our abilities of being independent .We are able to grow up by ourselves.

二.一事一议议论文写作指导 题型特点:

就某一件事、某一种现象发表看法,提出主张是议论文写作的一种常见形式.这类文章是在叙事的基础上展开议论.因此,先要把事情叙述清楚.这里的叙事,

是为了从中引出作者的看法或主张,所以叙事必须简明扼要,抓住重点.在叙事基础上进行议论,即对叙述的事情或现象作具体的分析,发表简要的议论,阐明一个道理.

命题形式:提纲/表格要点式议论文、漫画式议论文、开放式话题议论文 I.提纲/表格要点式议论文写作指导 写作示例:

据报道,在中国有心里话向父母讲的高中生只占54%左右.某英文报就此现象向中学生征文.请根据下列提示用英语写一篇征文稿. 主要原因 1.嫌父母太唠叨，难交流 2.与父母看待问题、处理事情的方式不同 3.父母只关心学习和吃喝 个人看法 2.词数 120 左右 题型特点:

这类写作就叙事部分提供了较多的文字说明,而对议论部分则无具体说明,它只要求考生就主题发表评论,内容由考生自己拟定.可见,这种写作规定了表达的思路,对写作范围作了限定. 写作指导:

对于这类题型的处理,考生要认真阅读文字提示,对于规定的要点一个也不能遗漏.然后,依据事实,作出合理的恰如其分的评论. 段落划分: a.提出问题 b.分析原因 c.个人看法 参:

It is reported that only 54% of the senior students in China can open their hearts to their parents.

Many students would ask others rather than their parents for help if they have something on mind.They find it difficult to communicate with parents because they think the parents are very talkative.On the other hand,parents have a different opinion on things,so they deal with things in a completely different way,which the young can't bear.Last but not the least,parents uaually care what the children eat and how well they study,and they ignore what the children think.

？ 注意:1.短文必须包括所有要点,可适当发挥.

In my opinion,we students should have an active heart-to heart talk with our parents,and express our honest feelings. 实战演练:

很多中学生在课间会买零食吃.某英文报就此现象向中学生征文.请根据下列提示用英语写一篇征文稿. 主要原因 个人看法 2.词数 120 左右 参:

Nowadays,an increasing number of students like to have snacks between classes.As soon as the bell rings,many students rush to the school shop for all kinds of snacks.

Many of us students think we can give our body and brain more energy by eating snacks and we need to refuel now and then.Some others want to have snacks when they see others eating snacks.That is,they couldn't help themselves.Most important of all,quite a few students don't have breakfast,so they have to eat snacks between classes in order to satisfy hunger.

In my opinion,it is wrong to have snacks between classes because eating snacks does harm to our studies as well as our health.In a word,we should develop healthy eating habits to meet the challenges in the future. 实战演练:

假如你是李华，上周日你参加了你的好友交换生Tom的生日晚会，奢侈的场面让你非常惊讶。请你针对此现象写一封信给他，谈谈你的看法，内容包括：

1.过于铺张，浪费严重 2.喧闹太久，干扰他人； 3.生日晚会的真正意义。

注意 1 词数100左右

2.可以适当发挥，使得上下文连贯 3.开头已写好，不计入总数。

参考词汇：奢侈的luxurious铺张的extravagant

1.可以为身体和头脑提供能量 2.看到别人吃,自己控制不住. 3.有相当一些同学早晨不吃早饭 ？ 注意:1.短文必须包括所有要点,可适当发挥.

Dear Tom，

I'm glad to have attended your birthday party last Sunday._ Yours, Li Hua 书面表达

One possible version：

Dear Tom，

I'm glad to have attended your birthday party last Sunday. It was a big party indeed. But I have to say it was the most luxurious birthday party I'd ever attended.

For us teenagers there is no need to be that extravagant because we mainly get living expenses from our parents. And it is shameful to waste much of the food. What’s more，the party with loud noise went on late into the night，which bothered the neighborhood.

To my mind，the meaning of the birthday party lies in sharing the pleasure of our growth with our friends. It's great fun to get together，for the feelings instead of for the expensive food and splendid decorations. Yours Li Hua

实战演练:

近年来，越来越多的家长希望把孩子送到名校学习。“择校热”成为一种普遍的社会现象。请根据下面的提纲写一篇英语短文： 1.陈述“择校热”的现状； 2.分析“择校热”的原因； 3.谈谈你的看法。

注意：词数不少于120个。

参考范文

Possible version:

In recent years, more and more parents would like to send their children to famous schools because they think it can ensure their children can be admitted into better universities after graduation.

It is true that famous schools are equipped with better teaching facilities. Besides, teachers there are excellent, who come from all over the country and even abroad. They have a strong teaching ability to make classes more lively and interesting, so students will be able to accept knowledge a bit easier and better. However, not every student is fit to go to famous schools where there is fierce competition among students. And students there have to work much harder than those in ordinary schools. I hope the government will take effective measures to make sure all the schools provide equally good education. Only in this way can all the students have equal rights to receive quality education

II.漫画式议论文写作指导 1. 写作示例:

仔细观察漫画,请以\"谁是雷锋?\"为题,用英语写一篇100字左右的短文,指出漫画中所反映的现象,并就漫画主题发表感想. 2. 题型特点:

依据漫画材料进行议论属于\"一事一议\"写作的范畴,它是一种检查学生观察理解能力及运用能力的题型.漫画材料作文较之于提纲式语言材料,反映外界事物更形象,更具有直观性.同时,漫画反映客观事物蕴涵性也较强.漫画所揭示的意思,也许不能一目了然,须细细琢磨,它留给人想象的余地比较大. 近几年,试题往往提供一幅漫画,有时也会是两幅,让考生通过仔细观察漫画内容,进一步进行思维加工,将漫画内容转化为文字信息. 写作指导:

依据漫画材料进行议论,在谋篇布局时就要依据漫画内容,因而首先对漫画内容作一简单的概述.在此基础上,联系显示生活,发表自己的看法. 如果直接提出论点,就会让人不知论点从何而来.另外,切记,对漫画内容的介绍一定要简洁.

漫画式作文.这种写作较之提纲式写作更具开放性,加大了对考生综合能力的考查.

(1)写作过程

写好漫画议论文,第一步应仔细观察漫画内容和画面上的文字说明,抓住重点,叙述漫画内容.第二步,在准确理解漫画内容的基础上,概括出画中所表现出来的一般现象,把握命题意图,依据\"试题要求\拟题立意作好评论 . (2) 时态的选择 评论部分使用现在各种时态.记叙部分使用过去各种时态或现在进行时. (3)段落划分:

a.叙述漫画内容,揭示画中所表现出来的一般现象. b.分析产生这种现象的原因.

c.提出解决的办法(或发表自己的看法) 参:

A teacher with thick glasses was telling a story about Lei Feng to two primary school students.To his astonish,one of the students asked,\"Who is Lei Feng ? Is he a pop star or a film star?\"

Nowadays most kids know nothing about heros and martyrs and few choose them as idols.Hero names are gradually being forgotten. In my opinion,it is high time that people of the entire society were well aware of the serious problem and took effective measures to make it clear that Lei Feng should be an example to all people,yongor old.We must keep in mind that we should respect each other and when someone is in trouble,offer your helpful hands to others.

漫画式议论文 写作所给提示比较简单（只是一幅漫画），要求考生根据提供的情景， 充

分发挥自己的想象力和创造力，自己确定主题，组织篇章结构，从不同的角度对漫画阐述自己的理解。这种命题形式既能体现出学生思维的活跃性，又能表现出他们的逻辑思维能力和灵活运用英语的能力。

【写作指导】

北京卷开放性写作的题目要求每年都是一样的“请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于50。In your spoken English class, your teacher shows you the following picture. You are asked to describe the picture and explain how you understand it.”由此可见，北京卷开放性写作由两大部分组成：一个是describe，另一个是explain，也就是

叙述+议论。具体可以分为下面几步：

第一步：审题。开放性写作的审题完全不同于情景作文。这里的审题实际是一个思维过程。考生拿到题目后， 要仔细观察画面内容，重点挖掘画面内容所反映的的深层涵义，列出几个有可能的主题，看哪一个主题与现实生活联系密切，确定一个比较贴切的主题。

第二步：描写。对考生来说，这一步比较容易，只要按照图画作文的要求去做即可 。考生需要注意的是，描图时要做到语言精确，简洁明了，不要看到什么写什么，而要重点描述与自己确定的主题相一致的内容，为下一步议论作好铺垫。

第三步：议论。在描图之后，考生就要就漫画主题展开议论。为了能使文章衔接自然，描图与议论之

间应有一承上启下的过渡句。以2010年北京卷参考范文为例，在描述完漫画内容后，接着作者写道“The picture reminds me of those who succeed in unfavorable conditions.”

接下来就可以展开议论了。议论时要把漫画内容与现实生活联系起来，不能只是以图说图，议论只停留在表面。

同所有文章一样，开放写作也需要一个好的结尾。这个结尾要能够总结全文，深化主题。 【真题再现】

( 2012年北京高考试题) 请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于50。

You are discussing the following picture with your English friend Jim. Now you are telling him how you understand the picture and what makes you think so.

【解题分析】

第一步：审题:今年的图画内容非常简单， 它画的是一支比较长的铅笔在嘲笑另一支比较短的铅笔，

并说你快到头了（\"You're nearing the end!\"）。通过这么一幅画我们可以确定什么样的主题呢？ 第一可以从年轻人与老年人的关系上考虑；第二可以从对待工作的不同态度方面考虑；第三我们也可以从强项与弱点（strengths and weaknesses）角度考虑等等。

第二步：主题确定后，就要进行画面的描写了。描写时要注意突出二者的对比与反差，用几个形容词描写出它们各自的神态，如长铅笔proud,young and arrogant，短铅笔old, calm, undisturbed , at ease, experienced, confident, never feel depressed or discouraged。当然，具体选用哪些词要根据主题来定。也可以用动作来表现这种反差。描述这样的画面，我们在行文的时候一定要两者兼顾，而不是只谈一方。 第三步：根据第一步确定的主题就要开始议论了，指出这个图的象征意义，并联系生活实际，指出我们应该怎么办（我们要像短铅笔不骄不躁，踏实工作）。 下面我们分析一下参考范文

I think the white pencil,looking proud and delighted,is laughing at the black pencil by saying\"You're nearing the end!\" The black pencil,on the other hand,remains calm.（描述句）The white pencil's words let him fall into deep thoughts.（过渡句）He clearly remembers he has been used in writing and drawing.It's true that he's approaching the end but he has been living a memorable life and there has been a dull moment.（主题） In reality,we should learn from the black pencil：not to mind what others say so longas we are confident in

what we have done.（联系实际）

实战演练：

请用英语写一篇100左右的短文，简要描述漫画内容，并结合生活实际，就漫画主题谈谈自己的感想。

参

As can be seen in the picture,a buther is selling meat to a man.He is very happy,saying to himself “I sold the meat with water poured in at last.”,while the customer feels content as well because he has bought the meat foe a false 100-yuan note.

In morden times,some people don’t seem to be very honest and they often deceive each other.They can do anything,right or wrong,in their own interest.As a result,harm will be done to both sides.What’s worse,children are deeply affected and they sometimes cheat in the examination and often tell lies.Therefore,it’s high time that we were well aware of the serious problem.

III 开放式话题议论文 写作指导

随着新课程标准的实施和推广，各省市的书面表达都呈现了开放性的特点，试题允许学生个性的发挥和展现。近年的高考书面表达大多采取了命题测试的方式，或称话题写作，要求考生根据所提供的话题写出一篇100字左右的短文. 题型特点:

开放式话题议论文往往只给出写作的题目或两三点提示或一段素材,然后由考生在此基础上充分发挥想象力,自由创作,这对考生的能力要求更高,考查也更全面.

综观高考书面表达,话题即文章的标题给定的形式一为陈述句,直接表明观点和立场;二是一般疑问句或选择疑问句为题,要求考生选择某一方面(正方或反方)加以论述.这种题目把选择的主动权家给了学生,考生可以结合自己的实际情况,作出自己的选择并陈述理由. 1. 单一话题议论文写作指导 题型特点

该题更具开放性，题目只给出了一个可供选择的主题，要求考生在此基础上自由发挥，不受“内容要点”的，更能反映考生的综合素质和写作水平。 写作思路

短文可以分三段来写：第一段 提出问题 第二段 支持或反对的理由 第三段 得出结论，再次点题。 题型示例1:

某英文报发起题为\" Time and Money\"的征文活动.请你根据下面的提示写一篇应征稿.

注意：（1）词数100/120字左右。(2)可增加细节,使行文连贯. 写作指导

这是一篇立论为主的议论文. 首先要从正面阐述了自己的观点\"时间比金钱重要\进而论述时间的重要性,并可从反面批驳一些人的错误观点,最终得出要重视时间的结论. 参:

Time and Money

We all know a popular saying\"Time is money\".But in my opinion,time is more valuable than money.The reason is that when money is spent,we can earn it back.However,when time is gone,it will never return . It is clear that the time we can use is limited.Therefore,we should make full use of our time to do useful things.As students,we must not relax our efforts in our studies,so we can serve our country better in the future.

However,some people don't know the importance of time.They spend their precious time doing meaningless things,and they do not realize that wasting time is equal to wasting a part of their valuable life. In short,we should form the good habit of making use of time.Don't put off what we can do today untill tomorrow. 题型示例2:

现在有种观点认为：大部分人毕业后根本不使用英语，他们仅仅在为通过考试而学，因而没有必要浪费精力去学英语。请你以Learn English or Not？为题，用英语写一篇短文，批驳这种观点，并说明理由。 注意：（1）短文以第一人称写 （2）词数100左右 写作指导

这是一篇驳论性质的议论文。作者首先要指出对方的观点是错误的。为了驳倒对方，作者从几个方面进行了论述，最后树立起自己的正确观点。

需要提醒同学们的是： 通常情况下，立论和驳论是分开的，但又是相互结合的。在立论性文章中，有时也要批驳谬误，而在批驳性文章中，一般也在批驳的同时，确立正确的观点。 参:

Learn English or Not？

Nowadays some people think it’s not necessary for all people to learn English because the majority of people don't use English at all after they graduate and English is only learnt for passing examinations。

Obviously，the opinion is wrong and I don‘t agree with it。First of all，our country is still a developing one。Only through English can we get a chance to learn the advanced science and technology from foreign countries。Besides，it will be much easier for us to communicate with foreigners and make friends with them if we can speak English freely。What’s more，we can understand western cultures better and learn something more about the countries and the people。

In a word，I think we should strengthen English learning。

实战演练:

在很多学校，班级座位是按考试成绩排定。某英文报“有话大家谈”栏目就此征文。现在请你写一篇应征稿，谈谈你的看法及理由。 字数：120左右 参：

In many schools the students take their seats according to the scores in the

examination.That is,the student who take the first place in the exam can have the right to take any seat if he or she likes.

I don’t think it is right. There are several reasons for this. First of all, it is unfair for the students with lower scores. It will hurt these students’ feeling and as a result they will lose their hearts.Secondly,for the students who get a better seat, they will think wrongly that they can get whatever they want if they study well.What ‘s worse, they will think that studying well means everything so that they ignore the character training,which will do damage to his future life.

In conclusion,it is high time that we took measures to stop it. 2.选择式话题议论文写作指导 题型示例:

吉尼斯世界纪录近年来在中国受到不少人的追捧，电视台也开办了类似的节目，但同时这种现象也受到一些人的质疑。某英语杂志社就此话题邀请中学生发表看法。请你参考所给要点，选择一种观点，写一篇英语短文。 观点一：

理由：在观看挑战中得到快乐，增长知识，同时，挑长者坚持不懈的精神值得尊敬。……. 结论：支持 观点二：

理由：有一些项目是无意义的，浪费的，甚至存在危险……….

结论：反对

参考词汇 挑战者 challenger 写作思路

该题仿2007年浙江高考书面表达。这类题目纯属议论文，它围绕一个话题，提出两种可供选择的观点，要求考生选择其一加以表述。另外，这类题目既有控制因素---要点提示，又有开放的特点—发表自己的观点。

对于这类题目的处理，考生首先要认真阅读前面对提示，准确把握要求，使表达的内容不跑题；其二，根据情景的发展，按顺序安排好材料：（1）提出现象，亮明观点（2）摆出理由，讲明道理（3）概括结论，照应开头 参考范文一

Nowadays more and more Chinese people are interested in Guinness records,and challengers appear on CCTV one after another every now and then.

Not only will the performances give the audience great pleasure when they watch the challengers,but also the viewers can learn a lot from them.What’s more,the determination of the challenger deserves our respect.

As for me,whether to apply for the Guinness record is none of others’ business and it is up to the challenger to make his own decision.As long as the challengers do no harm to others and society,we shouldn’t interfere them .If you are interested,you can cheer the challenger on;if not,you can do whatever else you like. 参考范文二

Nowadays more and more Chinese people are interested in Guinness records,and challengers appear on CCTV one after another every now and then.But I hold the opposite view about it.

First of all, some records which are applied for are meaningless,wasteful and even dangerous for challengers. Secondly, some challengers want to make themselves known to all the people so that they can make a fortune by challenging the record,if they are successful.

To sum up,we shouldn’t waste a lot of time and money in participating in

meaningless challenges but devote ourselves to some interesting,helpfuland inspiring activities.

实战演练：

最近你所在地方有关部门规定市区内禁止三轮车运行，并就此征求群众意见。请你发表自己的观点，并陈述理由。 字数：120左右 参考范文一

The government in our area will ban tricycles from the roads in the downtown areas of the city.I’m strongly against it.

First of all, to ban tricycles from the roads in the downtown areas will mean encouraging the use of cars or some other motor vehicles, which contribute greatly to pollution.Secondly,some laid –off workers depend on the use of tricycles for their living.If the use of tricycles is forbidden,life for them will become harder.At last, the use of tricycles brings convenience to the citizen of the city and it is cheaper to rent a tricycle.

To sum up,it is improper to ban tricycles from the roads in the downtown areas. The city government should strengthen the management 参考范文二

The government in our area will ban tricycles from the roads in the downtown areas of the city. I think it is a good idea to do so.

First of all,if tricycles are forbidden,,only bicycles and cars will be allowed on the roads.As aresult,the heavy traffic will reduce.Next, tricycle drivers don’t seem to keep the traffic rule well and they sometimes knock about in the downtown area,which is

likely to result in an accident .To make things worse,the owners don’t get any permit before they carry the passenger as most tricycles are in bad conditions.So it is difficult for the government to manage them and to protect the passenger from any harm will be in vain.

In a word , to ban tricycles from the roads is to meet the people's interests

三、议论文书面表达高频句型

以下是议论文写作中使用率最高、覆盖面最广的基本句式，每组句式的功能相同或相似，考生可根据自己的情况选择其中的1－2个，做到能够熟练正确地仿写或套用。 1．表示原因

1） The most obvious reason for this phenomenon is that …… 2） The reasons are chiefly as follows.

3）The reason for this is obvious./ not far to seek./ 4） We have good reason to believe that．．．

5） No matter you like it or not, AAA has become more and more popular and there are many reason for it

6）The reason for ... is that + 从句

7) There are some/two/many good reasons for.../to do... 8) A number of factors could account for the ....

9) The change in... largely results from the fact that...

10) There are several causes for this significant growth in... First... 11) Because/As/Now that/Since the demand has increased, the prices are higher.

12) An increase in demand causes/results in/leads to/produces higher prices.

13) The demand has increased.Therefore,/As a result,/For this reason,/Because of this,/Consequently, the prices are higher.

14) If there is an increase in demand, then prices rise./go up. /boost./are higher.

15).in my mind , the following factors/reasons/causes need to be taken into consideration

16).There are several reasons for this phenomenon/why...-(as follows). 17). The reasons are presented below.

18).There are numerous reasons why ____, and I would like to explore a few of the most important ones here.

19). There are three premier(主要的)/best/ most important, largest, significant, obvious, crucial causes as follows.

20).Perhaps this is because of the simple fact that.....

21).This is based on the propensity(倾向，原因) of following points. 22).One very important argument for ..... is that.... 23).The reasons are quite clear. Above all, ....

24).The first reason can be seen by every person. 25).The first and most important reason is that..... 26).One of the reasons that are given for....is that....

27) We may look into every possible reason, however, foremost reason for....is.. 28).There is another factor that deserves some words here.

29)The second thing that must be taken into consideration is that...

2、表示不同看法或相反观点的句型:

1)Our class have had a heated discussion about whether the Beijing Zoo should be moved out of the city .

2) Our class have had a heated discus/ argument about what to do during the holiday.

3)There is a discussion about.......

4)I'm writing to tell you the discussion we've had about whether an entrance fee should be charged.

5)Should students make friends on line?

6)There is a general discussion today about the issue of....; Those who object to... argue that ...;They believe that...; But people who favor ..., on the other hand, argue that ...

7)Different people have/hold different opinions/views on the

question/problem/matter. Some believe that ...; Others argue that ... 8)They are quite different from each other in their opinions.

9)Opinions vary from individual to individual, from culture to culture. 10）Faced with...; quite a few people argue that...; But other people conceive differently.

11）There are different opinions among people as to ……Some people suggest/ think/ believe that that ….

12）To this issue, different people come up with various attitudes.

13）People’s views on… vary from person to person. Some hold that… . However, others believe that…. ．

14） Attitudes towards (drugs) vary from person to person.

15） Some people hold the opinion that it is good to .... 16）They think quite differently on this question. 17）Different people look at...in different ways...

18）Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways; Others, however, disagree with it. 19）People have（take，adopt，assume）different attitudes towards the issue ． 20) Nowadays , there are some/many who think …… In their opinion, …. 21)However, there are a large number of people who hold a different view concerning this case.

22）But other people set forth completely totally different argument concerning this case.

23）Some people examine this issue from another angle. 24） Others ,however, think students should not.

25）On the other hand，some others have just the opposite opinion. 26）However ,others are against/object to/argue against the idea,saying that..... 27）On the contrary,there are some people against.... at the same time.

28）But there are still many people who don’t agree. They argue that __

29）However, just like everything has both its good and bad sides,….. also has its own disadvantage

30) Sb. argues/maintains /holds/insists/believes /claim /deem that... 3. 发表自己观点的常用语句：

1)Personally ,I fully agree with/side with / stand on side of the former/latter opinion/ the statement (that..)

2)In my opinion,it would be much better to .....

3)For my part,I think it reasonable to..... Only in that way can we....... 4)But I don't think it is a very good way to ...... 5) As far as I am concerned, my favor goes to…….

6) Of these two ways of…., I inclined to this point of view which …… 7) In short, I support the statement that it is better to …… 8)But for me, I would rather think of the matter in an optimistic way. 9)To my mind/To my point of view , the advantages far overweigh the

drawbacks(disadvantages, shortcomings)

10) After a thorough consideration, for my part, I am in favor of the latter view that... 11) If asked to make a decision, I would prefer...

12)Taking into consideration both sides of the issue, I tend to favor the latter view.. 13)When considering opinions of both sides, I am inclined to be on the side of the latter view....

14) If it is up to me to make a choice between ... and ... I would rather choose ... over...

15) I would have to say that, if I were faced with the decision, I would follow ....

16) My own point of view is that … is a normal behavior in our society./ is a common occurrence in our daily life./ is becoming more and more serious./ has become more and more common. 4.漫画议论文常见开头：

1) As is shown /can be seen in the picture,.... 2) We can see in the picture....

3)What shows in the picture is that....

4)There is an interesting and instructive picture which goes like this: __

5)The picture can reminds you of some strange, yet familiar phenomena existing in our society. 3、表示措施、 解决办法:

1）We should take some effective measures．

2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties． 3）We should do our utmost in doing sth．

4）We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with． 5）It is essential that effective actions should be taken to end the situation.

6）It is high time that something was done about it. For example, ______________. In addition, ______________. All these measures will certainly __ 7）There are several measures for us to adopt. First, we can ______________, Another solution is to…..

8）The most effective means to solve this problem is that ___

9）Confronted with AAA/As a result, we should take a serious of effective

measures/ methods to cope with the situation. 10）It is high time that……. Here are some of the measures that might be taken immediately.

11) Here are some suggestions for handling… 12) The best way to solve the troubles is…

13) People have figured out many ways to solve this problem. 4、用于文章开头的句型（ 展现问题 ）：

1) Nowadays more and more people are beginning to be aware of the seriousness of

2）It is only during the last years that man has become generally aware that

3) Currently there is a widespread concern that...

4) Now people in growing number are coming to realize that...

5) ......has become a hot topic among people, especially among the young, and heated debates are right on their way. 6) Recently the issue of... has been brought to public attention/public focus.

7) More and more people are realizing /have come to realize...

8) Until recently, ... has been regarded as.... But people are taking a fresh look at it.

9）Nowadays there is a growing concern over......

10）Recently, ...... has become the focus of the society, and in this way.. 11）Nowadays we are faced with a very serious problem of.... 12）Recently the problem of ...is becoming more and more serious than ever before.

13) Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that....

14).Recently the issue of whether or not ... has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.

15) As society develops, people are attaching much importance to....

As to whether it is worthwhile ....., there is a long-running controversial debate. 16).The issue whether it is good or not to .... has aroused a heated discussion all over the country.

5、用于论证和说明过程的句型：

1）Such case is quite common nowadays.

2）Generally speaking,it is widely believed that there are several ...as follows.Firstly/to begin with... ,and secondly/ in addition....,lastly/above all/most important of all....

3）It's high time that mankind were well aware of the serious problem and took measures to.....

4）It's high time that something was done about it.For one thing,...;For another ,.....

5）It's high time that we put an end to the current situation. 6）we have to take the immediate action to bring ...under control. 7）There ia no doubt that the special attention must be paid to this phenomenon.

8）We must keep in mind that......

9）Therefore, It is necessary that something must be done to prevent the situation from getting worse.

10）So it is urgent and necessary to .... If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society,it will be better. 11）It plays an important role in our life．

12) it has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.

13）It has brought us a lot of benefits but created some serious problems as well.

14）In my opinion， what really counts is …/ we should place much emphasis on the importance of… 15) It is high time that we put considerable/great/special emphasis on ... 16) We must look for all immediate method, because the present situation of ..., if permitted to continue, will sure lead to/result in...

17) Many solutions/methods are being offered here, all of them make some sense, but none is quite satisfactory. The problem should be examined in a new way.

18)There is no immediate solution to the problem of..., but... might be helpful/beneficial.

19) No easy method can be at hand to solve the problem of ..., but the general awareness of the necessity/importance of... might be the first step on the right way.

20) It is, therefore, obvious/evident that the task of...require immediate attention.

21) In short,... should learn to...; Only in this way can the most difficult problems be solved properly.

22) We may cite/quote/take a single/common example to illustrate... 23) There is good/sufficient evidence to show that... 24) This brings out/set forth the important fact that ... 25) No one can ignore/overlook the fact that... 6、 表示结论的句型

1） From what has been mentioned/ discussed above，we can come to the conclusion that ．．．/ we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that...... 2）It may be briefly summed up as follows．

3）Taking into account/ /consideration all of these factors, we may reach the conclusion that

4）Now after close examination /Therefore, it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that ……

5) In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of….... Only in this way can ...... in the future. 7、 表示事实的句型:

1) There is no doubt that ... 2) It is obvious/clear that ...

3) This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in． 4) (It’s) no wonder... (难怪)

5) It goes without saying that ... (不用说,不成问题,很自然……) 6) What is more important, ...

7) I am convinced that ... (我深信……) 8)We cannot ignore the fact that．．． 9）No one can deny the fact that．．． 10）There is no denying the fact that．．．

It is well known that.... 8. 表示好处和坏处:

1) It has the following advantages.它有如下优势 2) It is beneficial/harmful to us.

==It is of great benefit/harm to us.它对我们有益处

3) It has more disadvantages than advantage.他有很多不足之处 4) it also brings some problems to solve.

5) bring many benefits and convenience to people. 6) it can to a great extent bring us more advantages.

7) ... does more harm than good to us.

8）It does us a lot of good．给某人好处

=It benefits us quite a lot． =It is beneficial to us．

=It is of great benefit to us．

9. \"比如\"的表达方式：

1）For example/ For instance

2）It can be given a concrete example,

3）Take ... for an example, it is a very obvious case

4）There is one impressive example I want to mention here. 5）Let's see an example.

6）It is best illustrated if given the following example. 7）Let me provide an example.

8）Perhaps the most important example of ...is that... 9）As I remember,/ I now still remember that. 10）I will never forget that

11）To illustrate this, there is an example that is very persuasive. 12）An instance that accompanies this reason is that... 13）An example can give the details of this argument,

14）It is a forceful example to demonstrate the importance of... 15）History presented many examples of...

16）In order to see this point clearly, let us see an example

.10.结论：总的说来：In general, all in all, on the whole , in brief, in summary, in conclusion, in short, in a word , to sum up, to conclude, to summarize,...