高三英语阅读理解解析版汇编

一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解

Have you ever lost your car on a parking lot? It happens. You park and go shopping. When you get back, you have no idea where your car is. It can be discouraging.

You don't need to install (安装) an expensive GPS system to keep track of your car. That's too expensive. You would need to pay a monthly subscription fee just to use it. But is there a way to track your vehicle without spending a fortune? Yes, now there is! A California-based start-up company was able to make this a reality. They created a tiny device (装置）that works with your smartphone, and it could be exactly what you're looking for! It's called TrackR Bravo. It's changing the way we keep track of the important things in our lives.

Install the free TrackR app on your smartphone, connect the app to your device and you're ready to go! Simply attach TrackR to whatever you want to keep an eye on. The entire process of setting it up only takes 5 minutes or less. You can attach it to your keys, wallet and anything else you don't want to lose. Then use the TrackR app to find where your missing item are in seconds. Forget expensive GPS systems or tracking services. Nobody wants to pay expensive monthly subscription fees. We understand how stressful these things can be, and this is the reason why the company created TrackR. This device is your VIP when you need to take care of important things.

If you forget where you park your car, take out your smartphone and open the TrackR app. Tap on the “lost item” sign on the screen and the app will tell you the exact location. This device is by no means expensive. TrackR only costs $29, a small price to pay for peace of mind. The device is small enough that you can attach it to your pets. Put it on their collar, and you will never lose track of them! Attach it to your key or wallet, and never waste a minute rummaging the whole house for it.

Since you've been informed about this brilliant invention, now attach it to everything that's important to you.

（1）Why does the author mention the lost car in the first Paragraph?

A. To explain how terrible the situation is. B. To stress the importance of being cautious. C. To lead to the topic concerning finding lost items. D. To provide one common example about theft.

（2）What's the feature of the TrackR app?

A. The process of setting up the app is complex. B. The cost of setting up the app is rather high.

C. The app is available in any electronic equipment. D. The app helps locate the lost items in a short time.

（3）The TrackR was created because .

A. life is full of all kinds of pressure B. tracking services cause financial burden

C. people want to keep their important items safe D. GPS systems can not provide specific location

（4）Which of the following is closest to the meaning of the underlined word \"rummaging\" in Paragraph 5?

A. Searching B. Destroying C. Cleaning D. Moving 【答案】（1）C （2）D （3）B （4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍杰出的发明TrackR，它可以帮助你找到丢失的东西。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Have you ever lost your car on a parking lot? It happens. You park and go shopping. When you get back, you have no idea where your car is. It can be discouraging.”可知，提到丢失的汽车是为了寻找丢失物品的话题。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Then use the TrackR app to find where your missing item are in seconds.”可知，这个应用程序可以帮助在短时间内找到丢失的物品。故选D。 （3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Forget expensive GPS systems or tracking services. Nobody wants to pay expensive monthly subscription fees. We understand how stressful these things can be, and this is the reason why the company created TrackR.“可知，跟踪服务，造成财政负担。故选B。

（4）考查词义猜测。根据倒数第二段中的“The device is small enough that you can attach it to your pets.Put it on their collar, and you will never lose track of them! Attach it to your key or wallet”该装置是足够小，你可以将它附加到你的宠物上。把它放在他们的项圈上，你从来不会与他们失去联系！把它系在你的钥匙或钱包上。由此可知，找到它从不浪费一分钟搜查整个房子。划线词的意思应该是“搜寻”，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解 Dear Mr.ing,

I'm Bob Watson, one of the customers in your grocery store. I'm writing to express my idea about your goods.

Your Supermart is outstanding in many ways. First I enjoy the selection of produce and fresh bakery items. Second your low prices and excellent customer service keep me coming back to Supermart. I have found, however, that I must make a separate shopping trip to one of your competitors because there are many items your store does not carry. This becomes inconvenient for me, as my time is valuable, and I don't like to make two trips. I have been a long time Supermart shopper and hope to continue for many years. If I could find all the items I need in one place, I would be a more satisfied customer.

Specifically, I have never been able to purchase nacho cheese soup at your store. I can find other flavors (味道) of soup, but your store does not carry nacho cheese soup, a common ingredient (原料) in many of my recipes. In addition, I can only find large wonton wrappers, while

many other stores carry both large and small and offer a more varied selection for their customers. Another example is Regent Brand Chili Seasoning. Though it is not a leading brand, it is still common on the shelves of other grocery stores in this area and is superior in flavor to its competitors.

I sincerely hope to continue a relationship with your store, and I hope that you will consider the possibility of expanding your goods to be more competitive. Yours truly, Bob Watson

（1）From the letter, we can learn that the author is ________. A.a very picky reporter B.a regular customer of the store C.a responsible nutritionist D.a competitor of the store

（2）How does the author present his point in Paragraph 2? A.By comparing two different stores. B.By analyzing the figures. C.By providing scientific findings. D.By giving examples.

（3）According to Bob, the grocery store ________. A.offers good customer service B.is outstanding in every way C.meets all his needs

D.lacks convenient transportation 【答案】 （1）B （2）D （3）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一封书信。杂货店的常客Bob Watson写信表达了对杂货店里的产品的看法。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“ Second your low prices and excellent customer service keep me coming back to Supermarket”你们的低价和优质的顾客服务使我经常光顾你们的超市。从信中我们可以了解到作者是该店的常客。故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Specifically, I have never been able to purchase nacho cheese soup at your store. I can find other flavors (味道) of soup, but your store does not carry nacho cheese soup, a common ingredient (原料) in many of my recipes. In addition, I can only find large wonton wrappers, while many other stores carry both large and small and offer a more varied selection for their customers. Another example is Regent Brand Chili Seasoning.”具体来说，我从来没能在你们店里买到纳乔奶酪汤。我可以找到其他口味的汤，但你们店里没有纳乔奶酪汤，我的很多食谱里都有纳乔奶酪汤。此外，我只能找到大馄饨皮，而许多其他的商店有大的和小的，并为他们的客户提供更多样化的选择。另一个例子是Regent牌辣椒调料。可知，作者在第二段中通过举例子来陈述他的观点。故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第二段中“Your Supermarket is outstanding in many ways. First I enjoy the selection of produce and fresh bakery items. Second your low prices and excellent customer service keep me coming back to Supermarket.”你们的超市在很多方面都很出色。首先，我喜欢选择农产品和新鲜的烘焙食品。其次，你们低廉的价格和优质的客户服务让我经常光顾超市。可知，据鲍勃说，这家杂货店提供良好的顾客服务。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一封信件，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

There are at least 3, 000 miles of waterways in Britain. On these canals and rivers, there are over 30,000 'houseboats'—boats that people use as homes. Around 10, 000 of them are located in London.

The earliest populations of Britain's 'boat people' have been living on the water since the canals were built during the industrial revolution. Since then, houseboat living has usually attracted people who prefer to live an alternative lifestyle. Houseboat communities are typically made up of people who are looking for a slower way of life and who want to be in touch with nature.

Living on the water sounds romantic, but it is also hard work. There are daily things that need to be done, like bringing fuel and water on board and dealing with 'waste' water from kitchen sink, shower and toilet. In winter, living on a boat can be very cold and there is always a feeling of damp. Of course, most boats are quite small inside, so you don't have much space, especially if you are a couple, family or a group of friends.

Despite these difficulties, the number of people living on Britain's waterways has increased by around 50 per cent over the past ten years. More and more families and young professionals are moving onto houseboats, not only because they like the idea of life on water, but also because it is much cheaper to buy or rent a boat than a flat or a house.

There is a great sense of community on the waterways; many boat people say that their neighbours are always ready to help them, and houseboat neighbours often become friends for life. This is quite a different story from people who live in flats or houses and may hardly know the people next door at all.

（1）What does the underlined word \"alternative\" in paragraph 2 probably mean? A.Creative. B.Enjoyable. C.Non — traditional. D.Primitive.

（2）From the third paragraph, we know that it is to live on the boat. A.inconvenient B.easy C.boring D.unforgettable

（3）Which of the following information is not given in the text?

A.There are lots of rivers and canals in Britain. B.Many people live on houseboats in Wales.

C.Houseboat living become popular in the industrial revolution.

D.People who live on houseboats are usually very friendly with their neighbours. （4）Why do many people choose to live on the water? A.living on the water is romantic B.living on the water is easy and natural

C.living on the water can avoid unfriendly neighbours D.living on the water costs less than living on the land 【答案】 （1）C （2）A （3）B （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在英国年轻人中流行的一种居住方式 “船屋”。

（1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“Houseboat communities are typically made up of people who are looking for a slower way of life and who want to be in touch with nature.”可知，游艇社区通常是由那些寻求慢节奏生活方式和想要接触大自然的人组成的；再根据第一段中的“there are over 30,000 'houseboats'—boats that people use as homes.” 这些人以船为家的。即他们以船为家，是因为喜欢慢节奏的生活，想要接触大自然。这与传统的居住方式不同。可知“Since then, houseboat living has usually attracted people who prefer to live an alternative lifestyle”这句是说从工业起，游艇生活通常吸引那些喜欢另类生活方式的人。即这种游艇生活吸引那些喜欢“非传统的”生活方式的人。选项C. Non — traditional（非传统的）符合题意，故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Living on the water sounds romantic, but it is also hard work. ”可知，在水上生活听起来很浪漫，但也很辛苦；以及“There are daily things that need to be done, .... In winter, living on a boat can be very cold and there is always a feeling of damp. Of course, most boats are quite small inside, ....”比如带上燃料和水，要处理 “废水”等。冬天住在船上很冷，总有一种潮湿感。当然，大多数的船里面都很小.......。由这些例子可知，生活在船上是极不方便的。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第一段“There are at least 3 ,000 miles of waterways in Britain. On these canals and rivers,... Around 10 ,000 of them are located in London.”可知英国有许多河流和运河，其中大约10000个位于伦敦。可知A项正确；第二段中的“The earliest populations of Britain's 'boat people' have been living on the water since the canals were built during the industrial revolution. Since then, houseboat living has usually attracted people who prefer to live an alternative lifestyle....”自工业时期修建运河以来，英国最早的“船民”一直生活在水上。从那时起，游艇生活通常吸引那些喜欢另类生活方式的人，即说游艇生活在工业中变得流行起来，可知C项正确；以及最后一段中的“many boat people say that their neighbours are always ready to help them, and houseboat neighbours often become friends for life.” 许多船民说，他们的邻居总是乐于帮助他们，而船上邻居常常成为终生的朋友，可知

D项正确。综合可知B项文章中没有提及，故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“More and more families and young professionals are moving onto houseboats, not only because they like the idea of life on water but also because it is much cheaper to buy or rent a boat than a flat or a house.”越来越多的家庭和年轻的专业人士正搬到游艇上居住，这不仅是因为他们喜欢水上生活，还因为买船或租船比租公寓或房子便宜得多。可推断出生活在水上比生活在陆地上花费少。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

4．Directions: Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

Taking your pulse during physical activity allows you to measure how hard you are exercising. You should exercise to stay within your target heart range.

Increasing your heart rate is a key part of exercise but it is important that your heart rate is not too high or too low. If you are a beginner, you should also be able to breathe comfortably while exercising. This will ensure that you are exercising at a level that is safe and effective for your body.

The chart below illustrates target heart rate ranges for exercise based on the maximal heart rate for selected ages. Here are the steps for using the chart:

（1）Which of the following is TRUE?

A.Exercise intensity can be reflected by a person's heart rate. B.The faster your heart rate is, the more effective the exercise is. C.Vigorous exercise will definitely present a threat to people's safety. D.The target exercise heart rate range for a 45-year-old is 90–149 BPM.

（2）A 34-year-old man is running and the number of pulses he takes for 15 seconds is 40. His fitness coach had better tell him _____________. A.\"You are doing fine.\" B.\"You can run faster.\" C.\"You should slow down a bit.\" D.\"You should drink some water.\"

（3）What is the purpose of this passage?

A.To advise people to form a habit of taking their pulses while exercising. B.To inform people of the target heart rate zone for those aged 60 and under. C.To tell people the importance of maintaining moderate amount of exercise. D.To show people how to measure heart rate to keep proper exercise intensity. 【答案】 （1）A （2）C （3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何给自己把脉以及用两个表格向人们展示如何测量心率以保持适当的运动强度。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段“Taking your pulse during physical activity allows you to measure how hard you are exercising. You should exercise to stay within your target heart range.”及表格上的数据可知，一个人的心率可以反映运动强度。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据表格中给的测量心率的方法可知，此人的每分钟的心率是40*4=160，结合数据表格，年龄34从35岁那一栏可知，大于百分之85，根据图表说明可知，属于剧烈运动，因此他的健康教练应该告诉他放慢一点。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。文章通过告诉读者如何给自己把脉以及用两个表格向人们展示如何

测量心率以保持适当的运动强度。可知，文章的目的是向人们展示如何测量心率以保持适当的运动强度。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

Everybody, at some point in their lives, has experienced failure. It could be something as simple as not getting the job you wanted, or getting fewer marks even after hard work. But what makes you is not your failure, but how you get back up after being hit.

Once, a young school boy was caught in a fire accident in his school and was assumed that he would not live. His mother was told that he was sure to die, for the terrible fire had destroyed the lower half of his body. Even if he were to survive, he would be lame throughout his life. But the brave boy did not want to die nor did he want to be lame. Much to the amazement of the doctor, he did survive. But unfortunately from his waist down, he had no motor ability. His thin legs just hung there, lifeless. Eventually he left the hospital. But his determination to walk was unshakable. At home, when he was not in bed, he had to stay in a wheelchair. One day, he threw himself from the chair and pulled himself across the grass, dragging his legs behind him. He reached the fence, raised himself up and then began dragging himself along the fence, firmly determined. He did this every day, with faith in himself that he would be able to walk unaided. With his iron determination, he did develop the ability to stand up, then to walk on and off, then to walk by himself and then to run.

He began to walk to school, and then run to school, to run for the joy of running. Later in college he was on the track team.

In February 1934, in New York City's Madison Square Garden, this young man who was not expected to survive, who would surely never walk, who could never hope to run-this determined young man, Dr. Glenn Cunningham, ran the world's fastest mile.

A good example of the power of positive thinking and faith in one's self, Glenn Cunningham continues to be an inspiration for many, and his story, a brilliant evidence to how one can bounce back even when all difficulties are piled against one, to the degree that death seemed the preferable option.

（1）The first paragraph is intended to ________.

A. present an argument B. make preparations for statement C. arouse readers' interest D. function as a brief introduction （2）What was the doctor's opinion about Glenn? A. Glenn was able to walk with his own great effort. B. Great determination could make a difference to Glenn. C. There was a slim chance that Glenn could survive.

D. Glenn could live a normal life with the upper halt\" of his body. （3）What do we know about Glenn?

A. Glenn took recovery exercise in hospital. B. Glenn inspired people with his moving story. C. Glenn won the first place in Marathon. D. Glenn organized a track team in college.

（4）What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Strengthen determination B. Stand up after failure C. Go after dreams D. Face difficulty bravely 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）B （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。每个人在人生的某个阶段都经历过失败。文章通过Glenn幸存的故事，告诉我们“让你成功的不是你的失败，而是你如何在被打击后重新站起来。”

（1）推理判断题。根据第一段中Everybody, at some point in their lives, has experienced failure. 和 But what makes you is not your failure, but how you get back up after being hit.可知，第一段的作用是作一个简短的介绍。故选D。

（2）推理判断题。根据第三段中Much to the amazement of the doctor, he did survive.可知，医生认为Glenn生还的机会很小。故选C。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段中A good example of the power of positive thinking and faith in one's self, Glenn Cunningham continues to be an inspiration for many,可知，Glenn以他感人的故事激励人们。故选B。

（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句But what makes you is not your failure, but how you get back up after being hit.“让你成功的不是你的失败，而是你如何在被打击后重新站起来。”可知本文最佳主题是B项Stand up after failure。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇议论类阅读，阅读时首先要弄清楚作者要证明什么观点，然后用什么样的论据进行怎样的分析，最后得出了什么的结论，理清了线索，理解文章就不是问题。看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位，找到与选项一致的内容，就可以轻松的确定答案。

6．阅读理解

Who could have imagined that a treadmill(跑步机)on wheels would one day become a thing? Lopifit is an unusual means of transportation that allows you to power an electric bicycle by walking on a treadmill.

Lopifit founder Bruin Bergmeester says it all started when he asked himself the question. \"How can I use a treadmill outdoors?\" He eventually came up with a design, to which he added an electric engine, and Lopifit was born. The treadmill bicycle is similar to a typical electric bicycle in that the motor only works when the rider puts power in as well. The Lopifit senses it when you walk on the treadmill and uses the motor to turn a drive chain at the back part of the treadmill, helping you reach a top speed of 17 miles per hour.

To use the Lopifit, simply turn on the battery and use your feet to slide the treadmill backwards and activate (激活) the motor. Then get on and enjoy the ride! If you need speed, just walk on the treadmill, and if you want to coast, all you have to do is stay still and admire the view. To stop,

you have two hand brakes available.

The Lopifit first hit the streets in 2014 and, unsurprisingly, became an instant hit. That was actually quite challenging for the company, because it started get inquiries and calls for orders, but it was nowhere near ready for mass production. The unique treadmill bicycle became available this year, and Lopifit is struggling to keep up with demand, despite the high price tag of $ 2,115.

But despite having a very loyal fan-base of so-called Lopifitters, the creative means of transportation also has naysayers who simply consider the invention stupid and unnecessary. They basically believe that if you're going to walk, you might as well do it the old-fashioned way. But the Lopifit does have the unique advantage of helping you walk really fast without breaking a sweat, or walking at cycling speed, if you will. （1）With the help of Lopifit, you can ________.

A. cycle to work by walking B. offer power to any bicycle C. create a treadmill on wheels D. answer some hard questions （2）From the second paragraph, we can learn ________. A. how Lopifit was created B. where Lopifit can be used C. who Lopifit is intended for D. which design is suitable for Lopifit （3）What can be learned from the fourth paragraph?

A. Lopifit was cheap and available in 2014. B. Lopifit always broke down on the streets. C. It was hard for the company to design Lopifit. D. The supply of Lopifit failed to meet the demand.

（4）How do the public react to Lopifit?

A. Positively. B. Variously. C. Angrily. D. Cautiously. 【答案】 （1）A （2）A （3）D （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了Bruin从跑步机上获得灵感，发明了一款 “走路自行车”，在这款自行车上不需要跑步，走路就行的自行车——Lopifit。Lopifit非常受欢迎，供不应求。

(1)细节理解题。由第一段Lopifit is an unusual means of transportation that allows you to power an electric bicycle by walking on a treadmill.可知，在Lopifit的帮助下，你可以走路去工作，选A。

(2)推理判断题。由第二段Lopifit founder Bruin Bergmeester says it all started when he asked himself the question可知，这一段主要讲了“走路自行车”是如何被发明的，选A。 (3)推理判断题。由第四段The unique treadmill bicycle became available this year, and Lopifit is struggling to keep up with demand, despite the high price tag of $ 2,115.可知，从第四段，我们可以推断出这款自行车供不应求，选D。

(4)推理判断题。由最后一段But despite having a very loyal fan- base of so-called Lopifitters, the creative means of transportation also has naysayers who simply consider the invention stupid

and unnecessary. 可知，这款自行车有许多忠实的粉丝，但是也有许多摇头党，所以可以推断出人们对于这款自行车持各种各样的态度，选B。

【点评】细节理解题：考查内容主要涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、数字等议论文中例证细节和定义类细节。这类题目的共同特点是：答案一般都能在文章中找到。当然，答案并不一定是文章中的原句，考生需要根据文章提供的信息自己组织语句回答问题。

1.事实细节题→寻读法

分为直接理解题和间接理解题，前者常用who, what, which, when, where, why和how提问，或判断正误；后者需与原文信息转换，表达上与原文有差异。

2. 排列顺序题→首尾定位法（找出第一个事件和最后一个事件，用排除法缩小范围）常出现在记叙文和说明文中，一般按事件发生的顺序。

3. 图文匹配题→按图索骥理清线索：设题形式：给出图表，根据图表提问问题。 4. 数字计算题→（方法：审题→带着问题找细节→对比、分析、计算）可直接找到相关细节，但需经过计算方可找到答案。

7．阅读理解

It's 3 o'clock and you've been hard at work. As you sit at your desk, a strong desire for chocolate overcomes you. You try to busy yourself to make it go away. But it doesn't. Here is another situation. Perhaps you are not feeling well. The only thing you want to eat is a big bowl of chicken soup, like your mom used to make when you were sick as a child. Food cravings are a strong desire for a specific type of food. And they are normal.

Scientists at the website How Stuff Works compare hunger and cravings this way. Hunger is a fairly simple connection between the stomach and the brain. They even call it simply “stomach hunger.” When our stomachs burn up all of the food we have eaten, a hormone (荷尔蒙) sends a message to one part of the brain for more food, which regulates our most basic body functions such as thirst, hunger and sleep. The brain then produces a chemical to start the appetite and you eat. Hunger is a function of survival.

A craving is more complex. It activates (使活跃) brain areas related to emotion, memory and reward. These are the same areas of the brain activated during drug-craving studies. So, some scientists call food cravings “mind hunger.” People often crave foods that are high in fat and sugar. Foods that are high in fat or high in sugar produce chemicals in the brain. These chemicals give us feelings of pleasure.

In a 2007 study, researchers at Cambridge University found that “dieting or restricted eating generally increases the possibility of food craving.” So, the more you deny yourself a food that you want, the more you may crave it. However, fasting is a bit different. They found that eating no food at all for a short period of time lessened food cravings.

So, the next time you crave something very specific, know that your brain may be more to blame than your stomach.

（1）What is the function of the first paragraph?

A. To remind readers of their own special food. B. To deepen the understanding of hunger.

C. To report the discovery of craving study. D. To lead to the topic of the whole passage. （2）What do we learn about food craving?

A. It shows food is linked to feelings. B. It ensures a person survives hunger. C. It means the stomach functions well. D. It proves the brain decides your appetite. （3）What's the likely result of dieting?

A. The decrease of chemicals. B. The increase of food desire. C. The refusal of fat and sugar. D. The disappearance of appetite. （4）What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. The functions of brain areas. B. What hunger is all about. C. The findings of food craving. D. What dieting may bring us. 【答案】（1）D （2）A （3）B （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是说明文，主要谈论饮食冲动的调查结果。食物与情感有关系，节食的结果会导致食物欲望的增加。

(1)目的意图题。根据第一段最后一句Food cravings are a strong desire for a specific type of food. And they are normal.可知，第一段是为了引导整篇文章的话题。故答案选D。 (2)推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句Food cravings are a strong desire for a specific type of food. And they are normal.可知，食物与情感有关系。故答案选A。

(3)推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句In a 2007 study, researchers at Cambridge University found that“dieting or restricted eating generally increases the possibility of food craving.可知，节食的结果会导致食物欲望的增加。故答案选B。

(4)主旨大意题。根据最后一段So, the next time you crave something very specific, know that your brain may be more to blame than your stomach.本文主要谈论饮食冲动的调查结果。故答案选C。

【点评】说明文主题和文章大意的技巧：应对文章主题和中心大意考题时，寻找和发现文章主题句就是关键。这个主题句一般具有如下特点：①表达的意思比较概括。②句子结构简单，大多数时候，不采用长句、难句的形式。③段落的其他句子必定是用来解释或发挥主题句所表达的主题思想的。④主题句的位置除个别情况下是在文中的句子，大多数情况下，主题句往往是在段首和段尾。所以，在阅读文章时，要特别注意文章的首段、首句和末句。

8．阅读理解

Samanta Schweblin, one of the best young Spanish language novelists nominated (提名) by British literary magazine Granta, has visited Beijing to promote the first Chinese edition of a collection of her short stories. The collection, Birds in the Mouth, has been translated and published by Shanghai-based publisher Reader.

“Sometimes I hold the Chinese edition and choose a story at random and try to guess which one it is. But it is almost impossible for me; even the length is different.” says Schweblin. “When a

book is translated into a Western language, I can at least understand some parts of my stories, and therefore suffer some doubt about the quality of the translation. But my Chinese edition is more like an act of faith.”

Born in Argentina in 1978, Schweblin says she is influenced by the literary traditions of the La Plata area, home to many famous Latin-American novelists.

Interested in writing stories of ordinary lives where suddenly something extraordinary happens, something new, strange or unknown, she thinks, “The stranger and the unknown are not always related to ghosts or aliens, but can be something related to the known world, something that actually could happen.”

Birds in the Mouth tells of a divorced father who worries about his 13-year-old daughter and her mysterious appetites. It turns out that his daughter eats live birds.

The idea for this story came to Schweblin when she was browsing the Internet, “Click, click, click, a picture of a little girl who looks frightened with her hands covering her mouth came to my eyes. Little by little, I developed the story in my mind, and then wrote it down” recalls Schweblin. Although there are elements of violence and bloodiness in Schweblin's stories, she skillfully hides them, thinking the trick to writing a thrilling story is to stop the monster from appearing, while maintaining a frightening and mysterious atmosphere. （1）Samanta Schweblin came to China to .

A. pay a visit to Beijing B. translate her stories into Chinese C. help to make her book more popular D. publish her collection （2）When mentioning her Chinese edition, Schweblin thinks .

A. she suffers some doubt about the quality of the translation B. her Chinese edition is slightly different from the original one

C. she can understand some parts of her Chinese edition D. she has a strong belief in her Chinese edition

（3）From the passage we can tell, the author, .

A. has an appetite for writing something extraordinary B. got the idea of her story Birds in the Mouth by design

C. tried to quit describing violent and bloody scenes in her story D. thinks her writing style is mainly affected by some famous native novelists （4）We can probably read the passage in .

A. a textbook B. a newspaper C. a report D. a science fiction 【答案】（1）C （2）D （3）A （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文为应用文。主要对英国文学杂志《格兰达》提名的最年轻的西班牙小说家之一Samanta Schweblin及其作品进行了简单的介绍。

（1）细节理解题。根据第一段1.Samanta Schweblin, …has visited Beijing to promote the first Chinese edition of a collection of her short stories. 来北京是促销她的第一个中文版的短篇小说。由此可知，Samanta来中国就是为了让她的书受欢迎。故答案选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“But my Chinese edition is more like an act of faith”faith与belief是同义词。由此可知，提及她的中文版的书时，她对自己的中文版本很有信心。故答案选D。

（3）推理判断题。文中第四段提到作者写的故事中关于平凡生活中突然发生了一些不寻常的事情，一些新的、奇怪的或未知的事情，她认为这与人们已知世界有关的，有可能发生的。第五段与第六段中的女孩吃鸟的故事，第七段中说作者的故事有暴力与血腥的元素，她的故事有一种惊悚与神秘。可知作者喜欢写一些不同寻常的东西，分析选项可知A项（渴望写出一些不同寻常的东西）符合题意，故答案选A。

（4）推理判断题。Samanta Schweblin是英国文学杂志《格兰达》提名的最年轻的西班牙小说家之一，本文中对她及其作品进行了简单的介绍。因此可推断出本文有可能在报纸上看到。故答案选B。 【点评】推理题的解题方法

1. 抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理。2. 整合全文（段）信息进行推断。3. 利用语境的褒贬性进行信息推断。 4. 根据文章的结论推断作者的态度。5. 根据上下文的逻辑得出结论。 6. 结合已有的知识进行推断。

9．阅读理解

Kevin Adkins admits that when he lacks confidence, he uses big words to appear smarter, of which most people don't know the meaning. \"Only when I need to impress the person. I prefer using big words,\" says the 45-year-old.

Adkins is not alone. Many people use longer words in place of shorter ones because they know, consciously or unconsciously, that when others form impressions of them after a glance or a short conversation, they often work harder to give the \"right\" impression. \"People think, if I can show that I have a good vocabulary, I'll sound smarter says Daniel Oppenheimer, PhD, a professor of psychology at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. However, if the listeners do not understand those long words, he adds, it will leave a bad impression instead.

The truth is that it can easily go wrong. \"It's almost a game that two people are playing,\" says Eric Igou, PhD, a social psychologist at Ireland's University of Limerick. \"If the observer, person B, doesn't have the same theory, it can backfire.\" Person A may be regarded as showing off instead of being intelligent.

Using big words may also confuse listeners, which is definitely moving in the wrong direction, \"People associate intelligence with clearness of expressions,\" says Oppenheimer. That's especially true when it comes to the written word. A small study in Applied Cognitive Psychology (应用认知心理学) found that the more writers tried to sound smart, the less intelligent they were considered to be.

So what can you do to sound smarter? Speak clearly and directly. Leave the dictionary at your desk.

（1）Why does Kevin Adkins prefer saying big words sometimes? A.He wants to make himself more easily understood. B.He believes that it is cool.

C.He enjoys the feelings of being mysterious. D.He hopes that what he says sounds smart.

（2）What is Professor Oppenheimer's attitude towards the behavior of using big words? A.Disapproving. B.Favorable. C.Indifferent. D.Cautious.

（3）What does Eric Igou mean by saying \"it can backfire\" in paragraph 3? A.It can catch fire. B.Person B can fire person A. C.It can deliver an opposite effect. D.The observer can also fight back.

（4）What can we learn from the small study in Applied Cognitive Psychology? A.The writer who never uses big words is more intelligent. B.The writer who uses big words the most is the most intelligent. C.People like the writers who only use short and clear expressions. D.The writers should avoid using big words often in their writings. 【答案】 （1）D （2）A （3）C （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，人们将智慧和清晰的表达联系在一起，因此给人留下聪明印象的说话技巧在于你能够让对方很容易地理解你的意思。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Kevin Adkins admits that when he lacks confidence, he uses big words to appear smarter, of which most people don't know the meaning.”可知，Kevin Adkins承认，当他缺乏信心时，他会说一些人们不经常使用的词使自己显得更聪明，而大多数人却不知道其中的含义。因此Kevin Adkins有时喜欢说一些人们不经常使用的词的原因是他希望他所说的话听起来充满智慧。故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“However, if the listeners do not understand those long words, he adds, it will leave a bad impression instead.”和第四段中的“Using big words may also confuse listeners, which is definitely moving in the wrong direction, ‘People associate intelligence with clearness of expressions,’ says Oppenheimer.”可知，Oppenheimer教授认为，如果听者不懂说话者的那些长话，这会给听者留下不好的印象。说人们不经常使用的词可能会使听众感到困惑，这会引起人们的误解，人们将智慧与表达的清晰性联系在一起。因此Oppenheimer教授对说话者使用人们不熟悉的词的行为持不赞成态度。故选A。

（3）考查句义猜测。根据第三段中的“Person A may be regarded as showing off instead of being intelligent.”可知，说长话的人A可能被认为是在炫耀而不能体现其聪明。因此划线句子的意思是“它起到了相反的作用”，即说长话的人达到的效果与预想中的让别人看起来很聪明的效果是相反的。故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“A small study in Applied Cognitive Psychology found

that the more writers tried to sound smart, the less intelligent they were considered to be.”可知，一项关于应用认知心理学的小型研究发现，作家越是要让自己听起来聪明，他们就越被认为不那么聪明。因此我们可以从应用认知心理学的小型研究了解到作家应避免在写作中经常使用人们不熟悉的词。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读理解

Our mother earth is going through a very tough situation and we, the entire human race, are destroying our environment or unconsciously without even realizing its consequences. Now we have to act very smartly and plan something to sustain what we still have, getting all necessary support from nature to lead healthy lives.

Gardening is always an excellent and environmentally friendly idea. If you can go for sustainable gardening, then it will be even more useful for all. Gardening is a favorite hobby for many. It is time to channelize your hobby towards a more meaningful motivation.

When we do gardening we need to use different ingredients to grow plants. Some of them are natural resources like water, soil, sunshine, and many things like this. Using these resources smartly is a part of sustainable gardening. Some simple techniques include: use less water and organic things to grow plants; try to store rainwater so that you can use them for gardening; try using less energy to drive devices; avoid using plastics in any form while gardening; reuse the leaves from your garden to fertilize them. These are the basic sustainable measures. To do so we need to have proper knowledge about gardening and its requirements so that we can use proper resources without wasting any of them.

In today's busy life we don't get much time to spend on our environment. Gardening gives us a chance to do so. We can also have some pesticide-free and fresh food if we grow them in our garden. This is the right time to do some good to protect our own environment and gardening is one of the easiest ways. Do you want to start gardening, but you're not sure how? Click here: http://www. Garden how to.come.

（1）What does the underlined word “channelize\" in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. Cause. B. Transform. C. Direct. D. Associate. （2）Which of the following belongs to a sustainable measure? A. Using advanced electrical machines. B. Avoiding fertilizers. C. Watering plants with collected rainwater. D. Clearing away the leaves. （3）What is the benefit of sustainable gardening? A. It requires little water. B. It needs no fertilizer. C. It breaks up plastics. D. It doesn't waste any resource. （4）Where is the passage probably taken from?

A. A newspaper. B. The Internet. C. A guidebook. D. A science report. 【答案】（1）C （2）C

（3）D （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍怎样合理利用资源发展园艺，不浪费资源，不产生对环境有害的物质以保护地球。

（1）考查词义猜测。本句中channelize来源于channel“渠道，频道”，根据已有的意思于选项相结合可知，channelize为指导，导向的意思，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“try to store rainwater so that you can use them for gardening”可知，使用存储的雨水来浇灌植物，是属于可持续发展的措施，故选C。 （3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的“To do so we need to have proper knowledge about gardening and its requirements so that we can use proper resources without wasting any of them.”可知，用这样的方法，可以合理利用资源，不浪费资源，故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Click here: http://www. garden how to.com.”可知，本文来源于网站，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

11．阅读理解

The number of giraffes is becoming smaller across Africa, according to the Giraffe Conservation Foundation. The total population has dropped by 40 percent in the last 15 years. Surprisingly, even scientists haven't given much attention to giraffes. We are learning more about their ecology, but what we know is still way behind what we know about other species. \"It's a silent extinction,\" said Dr. Julian Hennessy, a wildlife scientist.

\"The main reason for the smaller number of giraffes is their loss of living places,\" said Hennessy, \"as an increasing part of land is used for farming. But hunting also has a big influence.\" You might wonder why hunters would focus on giraffes. First of all, once a giraffe is brought down, there is lots of meat with a small amount of effort. Besides, there is another thing encouraging the hunting. In Tanzania, Hennessy says, the latest word on the street is that eating giraffe meat could cure AIDS. Fresh giraffe heads and bones can be sold at prices of up to $140 per piece.

Another widespread misconception about giraffes is that they are everywhere. Look at kids' books which are full of giraffes. They are always in zoo collections. They can be seen easily, so you don't think we have to worry about them. But the truth is that they are in danger of extinction. There is a lack of right and true data.

Hennessy and other researchers are now pulling together the data needed to improve the situation of the entire giraffe species and all nine subspecies (亚种). The information will be used to change the giraffe's listing on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List, which now lists the species as of \"least concern\" but two subspecies as \"endangered\". \"It's a lot of work to gather the necessary information,\" Hennessy says. \"And several other giraffe subspecies will be recommended for endangered listings next year or the year after.\" He hopes that the world will finally start to take notice of how endangered these beloved animals have become.

（1）By saying \"It's a silent extinction\ A. giraffes are unpopular in Africa B. the giraffe is always silent in daily life

C. the ecology of Africa needs more attention D. the extinction occurs without enough attention

（2）What has caused the high price of giraffe meat in Tanzania? A. The country's custom. B. The illegal international trade. C. The cost of hunting a giraffe. D. The idea that it's a cure for AIDS. （3）The misconception in Para. 3 can be corrected by ______.

A. preventing illegal hunting in Africa B. rewriting kids' books about giraffes C. providing reliable data about giraffes D. spreading scientific knowledge of AIDS （4）The final purpose of Hennessy's great effort is to ______.

A. collect more information about giraffes B. raise public awareness of protecting giraffes C. prove giraffes will disappear in the next few years D. work with the International Union for Conservation of Nature 【答案】（1）D （2）D （3）C （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了长颈鹿濒临灭绝的原因，并指出提供准确的数据，提高人们的保护意识至关重要。

（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“Surprisingly, even scientists haven't given much attention to giraffes. We are learning more about their ecology, but what we know is still way behind what we know about other species.”可知人们对其关注很少，了解很少，这时期灭绝的原因，所以silent extinction 意为在人们不知不觉中灭绝。故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“In Tanzania, Hennessy says, the latest word on the street is that eating giraffe meat could cure AIDS. Fresh giraffe heads and bones can be sold at prices of up to $140 per piece.”可知人们认为长颈鹿肉能治愈艾滋病，因此其肉价很贵，故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“There is a lack of right and true data.”可知造成人们误解的原因是，缺乏正确真实的数据，再根据第四段中的“Hennessy and other researchers are now pulling together the data needed to improve the situation of the entire giraffe species and all nine subspecies (亚种).”可知要想根正人们的认知，需要提供准确可靠的数据，故选C。 （4）考查写作意图。根据最后一段中的“He hopes that the world will finally start to take notice of how endangered these beloved animals have become.”可知Hennessy的努力的目的是提高公众保护长颈鹿的意识。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和写作意图四个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

12．阅读理解

Feelings often run high where insects are concerned, with many people even sick when seeing them, let alone touch or swallow them. And yet insects present a huge nutritional opportunity as an increasing global population seeks more sources of food and feed.

Insects have generally high levels of animal protein and key micronutrients with lower environmental footprints than traditional alternatives, and they can be raised on leftovers. But cultural, social and economic problems remain, reports an article published today in Nutrition Bulletin.

“Insects present a nutritional opportunity, but it is unclear how their nutritional quality is influenced by what they are fed,” says Darja Dobermann, a researcher at the University of Nottingham. “In ideal conditions, insects have a smaller environmental impact than most traditional western forms of animal protein; less known is how to raise insect production while maintaining these environmental benefits.”

“Studies overall show that insects could make valuable economic and nutritional contributions to the food or fed systems, but there are no clear regulations in place to bring insects into such supply systems without them turning into a more expensive version of poultry（家禽）for food,” says Dobermann.

The article highlights how insects have been a source of food for hundreds of years in more than 100 countries with over 2,000 species that can be eaten; in central Africa, up to 50% of dietary protein has come from insects, with their market value higher than many alternative sources of animal protein.

Insects need to be large enough to make the effort of catching them worthwhile and easy to locate, preferably in predictably large quantities. They are consumed at various life stages, as raw, fried, boiled, roasted or ground food.

（1）Which of the following is the advantage of raising insects for food? A. It will offer people work opportunities. B. It is environmentally friendly. C. It will replace traditional food. D. It will result in less leftovers （2）What can be inferred from Dobermann's words?

A. Raising insects for food has become popular. B. Raising insects can't solve food problems. C. More should be done to raise insects for food. D. More money can be made by raising insects.

（3）What does the underlined word in paragraph 4 stand for?

A. Insects B. Regulations C. Feed systems D. Supply systems （4）Which is the possible title of this passage?

A. How to Raise Insects B. Raising Insects for Money C. Insects Seem No Longer Ugly D. A New Source of Food 【答案】（1）B （2）C （3）A （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新的食物来源——昆虫提供了巨大的营养机会。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Insects have generally high levels of animal protein and key micronutrients with lower environmental footprints than traditional alternatives, and they can be raised on leftovers.”可知，饲养昆虫为食物是环保的。故选B。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Studies overall show that insects could make valuable economic and nutritional contributions to the food or fed systems, but there are no clear regulations in place to bring insects into such supply systems without them turning into a more expensive version of poultry（家禽）for food,” 研究表明，昆虫可以为食物或食物系统做出有价值的经济和营养贡献，但目前还没有明确的规定，可以将昆虫带入这样的供应系统，而不让它们变成更昂贵的家禽饲料。”可知，从Dobermann的话可推知应该做更多的工作来饲养昆虫。故选C。

(3)考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“Studies overall show that insects could make valuable economic and nutritional contributions to the food or fed systems, but there are no clear regulations in place to bring insects into such supply systems without them turning into a more expensive version of poultry（家禽）for food,” “研究表明，昆虫可以为食物或食物系统做出有价值的经济和营养贡献，但目前还没有明确的规定，可以将昆虫带入这样的供应系统，而不让它们变成更昂贵的家禽饲料。”由此推知，此处的them指的是insects，故选A。 (4)考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“And yet insects present a huge nutritional opportunity as an increasing global population seeks more sources of food and feed.”可知，本文讲述的是一种新的食物来源。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

13．阅读理解

Amazing concept images have shown what homes of the future could look like, as preparations are made for the world's first free from 3D-printed property (房产).

Experts will build a house called Curve Appeal, which will be 3D-printed off-site before being put together on-site to create two outside walls, a roof and an inside part. These four main sections will then be joined together.

Although 3D-printed buildings have been made before, this home - to be constructed in Chattanooga, Tennessee, later this year — will be the first of its kind, as it will contain no regular shapes or angles. The house is the creation of the design company WATG, based in London and California. The design for Curve Appeal draws inspiration from the Case Study House program. The architects leading the program were famed for constantly pushing the limits in terms of minimalist (极简主义) materials, and trying to create open-plan spaces that focused on enhancing (增强) natural light. In a written statement, a spokesman for WATG said, “Employing many of the same modem design principles, Curve Appeal is the next evolutionary step. It's important that the architecture and the environment work together harmoniously. The chosen site is steps away from the Tennessee River in a beautiful wooded, sunlit area.”

WATG was awarded the first prize in the Freeform Home Design Challenge in 2016 and given prize money of $ 8,000 to make its plans a reality. The competition was aimed at architects, designers, engineers and artists. Participants were challenged to design a 600 to 800sq ft single-family home that rethinks traditional aesthetics (美学), ergonomics, construction, building systems and structure.

Over the last year, WATG's Chicago office has been developing their design with Branch Technology. This project is currently underway, working towards breaking ground later this year. Once completed, the Curve Appeal home will have open and light-filled inside living spaces. （1）From the passage we can know that Curve Apple .

A. will be different from an ordinary house B. is the first 3D-printed building C. has apparent walls and a roof D. was ever built in the world （2）Where is the architect located according to Paragraph 4?

A. Far away from the Tennessee River. B. In the woods near the Tennessee River. C. Between the Tennessee River and the woods. D. Next to some modem architectures. （3）What does the Freeform Home Design Challenge do?

A. It motivates participants to design at random. B. It emphasizes traditions rather than modernization.

C. It sponsors competitors when necessary. D. It helps put creative ideas into practice. （4）What's the passage mainly about?

A. What our homes will look like in the future. B. The Freeform Home Design Challenge. C. The world's first freeform 3D-printed house. D. The development of 3D in architecture. 【答案】（1）A （2）B （3）D （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界上第一个免费的3D打印房子。 (1)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Experts will build a house called Curve Appeal, which will be 3D-printed off-site before being put together on-site to create two outside walls, a roof and an inside part. These four main sections will then be joined together.”可知，Curve Apple不同于一般的房子。故选A。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The chosen site is steps away from the Tennessee River in a beautiful wooded, sunlit area.”可知，建筑师住在the Tennessee River附近的树林里。故选B。

(3)考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“WATG was awarded the first prize in the Freeform Home Design Challenge in 2016 and given prize money of $ 8,000 to make its plans a reality. The competition was aimed at architects, designers, engineers and artists.”可知，the Freeform Home Design Challenge有助于把创造性的想法付诸实践。故选D。

(4)考查主旨大意。根据第三段中的“Although 3D-printed buildings have been made before, this home - to be constructed in Chattanooga, Tennessee, later this year — will be the first of its kind, as it will contain no regular shapes or angles.”可知，本文主要谈论的是世界上第一个免费的

3D打印房子。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

14．阅读理解

The American newspaper has been around for about three hundred years. In 1721, the printer James Franklin, Benjamin's older brother, started the New England Courant, and that was what we might recognize today as a real newspaper. He filled his paper with stories of adventure, articles on art, on famous people, and on all sorts of political subjects.

Three centuries after the appearance of Franklin's Courant, few believe that newspapers in their present printed form will remain alive for long, Newspaper companies are losing advertisers, readers, market value, and in some cases, their sense of purpose at a speed that would not have been imaginable just several years ago. The chief editor of the Times said recently, “At places where they gather, editors ask one another, 'How are you?', as if they have just come out of the hospital or a lost law case.” An article about the newspaper appealed on the website of the Guardian, under the headline “NOT DEAD YET.”

Perhaps not, but the rise of the Internet, which has made the daily newspaper look slow and out of step with the world, has brought about a real sense of death, Some American newspapers have lost 42% of their market value in the past three years. The New York Times Company has seen its stock（股票）drop by 54% since the end of 2004, with much of the loss coming in the past year. A manager at Deutsche Bank suggested that stock - holders sell off their Times stock. The Washington Post Company has prevented the trouble only by changing part of its business to education; its testing and test — preparation service now brings in at least half the company's income,

（1）What can we learn about the New England Courant?

A. It is mainly about the stock market. B. It carries articles by political leaders. C. It marks the beginning of newspapers. D. It remains a successful newspaper in America. （2）What can we infer about the newspaper editors?

A. They often accept readers' suggestions. B. They caw a lot about each other's health. C. They stop doing business with advertisers. D. They face great difficulties in their business. （3）Which of the following found a new way for its development? A. the Washington Post. B. The Guardian. C. The New York Tinier. D. New England Courant. （4）How does the author seem to feel about the future of newspapers”? A. Satisfied. B. Hopeful. C. Surprised. D. Worried. 【答案】（1）C （2）D （3）A （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国报纸的由来，以及现在面临的挑战和做出的调整。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“the printer James Franklin, Benjamin's older brother, started the New England Courant, and that was what we might recognize today as a real newspaper.”可知，James Franklin创办的New England Courant就是我们今天所知的真正的报纸，也就标志着美国报业的开始，故选C。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Newspaper companies are losing advertisers, readers, market value”可知，报社正在逐渐失去广告商，读者和市场价值，以及后面编辑的话\"At places where they gather, editors ask one another, 'How are you?', as if they have just come out of the hospital or a lost law case.\"，编辑们现在见面聊天的时候都会互相问候“你还好吗”仿佛刚出院或输了一场官司，其实隐含的意思就是因为报纸业的不景气，编辑们现在正面临着困难，所以这个问候应该是你们报社生意怎么样？故选D。

(3)考查细节理解。根据最后一段可知，找到一种新的发展方式的是The Washington Post《华盛顿邮报》。故选A。

(4)考查推理判断。通读全文，作者列举了报业所面临的种种问题，可以判断作者对此很担忧。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

15．阅读理解

In June 2014, two leading media in America reported that three-year-old Victoria Wilcher, who suffered facial scarring, was kicked out of a KFC because she was a frightening customer. Later, KFC announced that no evidence had been found to support the story. This phenomenon is largely a product of the increasing pressure in newsrooms that care more about traffic figures. Brooke Binkowski, an editor, says that she has seen a shift towards less responsibility in newsrooms. \"Clickbait is king, so newsrooms will uncritically print something unreal. Not all newsrooms are like this, but a lot of them are.\"

Asked what the driving factor was, a journalist said, \"You've a strict editor and you've to meet your targets. And some young journalists are inexperienced and will not do those checks. So much news reported online happens online. There is no need to get out and knock on someone's door. You just sit at your desk and do it.\"

Another journalist says, \"More clicks equal more money. At my former employer in particular, the pressure was due to the limited resources. That made the environment quite horrible to work in.\"

In a Feb. 2015 report for Digital Journalism, Craig Silverman wrote, \"Today the bar for what is worth giving attention to seems to be much lower. Within minutes or hours, a badly sourced report can be changed into a story that is repeated by dozens of news websites, resulting in tens of thousands of shares. The rumor becomes true for readers simply by virtue of its ubiquity.\" And, despite the direction that some newsrooms seem to be heading in, a critical eye is

becoming more, not less important, according to the New York Times' public editor, Margaret Sullivan. \"Reporters and editors have to be more careful than ever before. It's extremely important to question and to prove before publication.\" Yet those working in newsrooms talk of doubtful stories being tolerated. In the words of some senior editors, \"a click is a click, regardless of the advantage of a story\". And, \"if the story does turn out to be false, it's simply a chance for another bite at the cherry.\"

（1）According to Brooke Binkowski, newsrooms produce false news because _________. A.clicks count a lot B.resources are limited C.budgets are tight D.journalists lack experience

（2）What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A.Lies can't sell without something related to the truth. B.Rumors are like a flame blown by the wind.

C.Most people are easy to cheat by the false news online. D.A lie will end up as truth, if repeated often enough.

（3）What's Margaret Sullivan's attitude towards false news online? A.Negative. B.Supportive. C.Skeptical. D.Neutral.

（4）What is the best title of the passage? A.Spread of false stories. B.Causes of online false news. C.Duties of journalists.

D.Relative laws needed to regulate the online news. 【答案】 （1）A （2）D （3）A （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者根据一段虚假新闻的实例分析了造成这种现象的原因及人们对此的态度。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Clickbait is king, so newsrooms will uncritically print something unreal. Not all newsrooms are like this, but a lot of them are.”可知Brooke Binkowski认为文章的标题和点击率是虚假新闻产生的重要原因，故选A。

（2）考查句义猜测。根据第五段中的“The rumor becomes true for readers simply by virtue of its ubiquity.”谣言由于它的普遍传播就会变成真的，即说的人多了谣言就变成真的了。与D项A lie will end up as truth, if repeated often enough.同义，故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Reporters and editors have to be more careful than ever before. It's extremely important to question and to prove before publication.”可知Margaret

Sullivan认为编辑一定要更细心，在发表之前要认真审核证实。由此可见他对网络虚假新闻是反对的，故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。作者根据一段虚假新闻的实例分析了造成这种现象的原因及人们对此的态度。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，句义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

16．Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

The recession (衰退) of 2008-09 was remarkable in rich countries for its intensity, the following recovery for its weakness. The labour market has also broken the rules, as new research from the OECD, a think-tank of mainly rich countries, shows in its annual Employment Outlook.

Young people always suffer in recessions. Employers stop hiring them; and they often get rid of new recruits because they are easier to dismiss. But in previous episodes, such as the recessions of the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, older workers were also kicked off. This time is different. During the financial crisis in 2008, and since, they have done better than other age groups.

The researchers focus on movements in \"non-employment\" as a share of the total population in three age groups between the final quarters of 2007 and 2012. This measure has the advantage of including not just unemployment, where people are looking for work, but also inactivity, where people are not seeking jobs. Whereas the average non-employment rate in the OECD has risen by four percentage points among young people and by one-and-a-half points among 25-to 54-year-olds, it has fallen by two points among the 55- age group.

Why have older employees done so well? In some southern European countries they benefit from job protection not afforded to younger workers, but that did not really help them in past recessions. What has changed, says Stefano Scarpetta, head of the OECD's employment directorate, is that firms now bear the full costs of getting rid of older staff. In the past, early-retirement policies provided by governments (in the mistaken belief that these would help young people) made it cheaper to push grey-haired workers out of the door. These have largely stopped. Many will argue that older workers have done better at the expense of the young. That view is wrongheaded. First, it is a fallacy that a job gained for one person is a job lost for another; there is no fixed amount of work. And second, as the report shows, young and old people are by and large not substitutes in the workplace. They do different types of work in different types of occupation: younger people are keen on IT firms, for example, whereas older folk tend to be employed in more traditional industries. There are plenty of things that should be done to help the young jobless, but kicking older workers out of the workplace is not one of them.

（1）By saying \"The labour market has also broken the rules\ A. young employees were protected by the government B. young employees suffered moderately in labour market C. old employees suffered very little in the labour market D. The recession had little impact on labour market

（2）What do we know about \"early-retirement policies\" mentioned in the 4thparagraph? A. They proved to be little use and nearly no longer in effect. B. They have effectively helped young employees. C. They financially supported the elderly people.

D. They have gain popularity in southern European countries.

（3）The word \"fallacy\" (in the last paragraph) probably means \"______\".

A. common belief B. wrong concept C. acceptable assumption D. wise statement （4）Which of the following might the author agree with? A. Early-retirement policies should have been well adoptedby governments. B. Young people should be encouraged into traditional industries.

C. Supportive policies should be made to help elderly people when crisis occurs. D. Old people's remaining in jobs doesn't necessarily threaten young people's jobs. 【答案】 （1）C （2）A （3）B （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究显示2008年金融危机期间以及此后，老员工的表现都优于其他年龄段的人，很多人会认为，老员工做得更好是以牺牲年轻员工为代价的，事实上这种观点是错误的。

（1）考查句义猜测。根据第二段中的\"But in previous episodes, such as the recessions of the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, older workers were also kicked off. This time is different. During the financial crisis in 2008, and since, they have done better than other age groups.\"可知，在上世纪70年代、80年代和90年代的经济衰退中，老员工也被解雇了，但这次不一样了，2008年金融危机期间以及此后，他们的表现都优于其他年龄段的人，可知，作者所说的\"劳动力市场也违反了规则\"的意思是老员工在劳动力市场上受的影响很小（没有被解雇），故选C。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的\"In the past, early-retirement policies provided by governments (in the mistaken belief that these would help young people) made it cheaper to push grey-haired workers out of the door. These have largely stopped\"可知，过去，的提前退休（错误地认为这些有助于年轻人）使得把老员工赶出家门的成本更低，现在这些已经基本上停止了，由此可知，事实证明，提前退休的用处不大，而且几乎不再有效了，故选A。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的\"Many will argue that older workers have done better at the expense of the young. That view is wrongheaded.\"可知，很多人会认为，老员工做得更好是以牺牲年轻员工为代价的。这种观点是错误的，此处解释为什么这种观点是错误的，说的是认为一个人得到的工作就是另一个人失去的工作本身就是一种谬论，由此可知画线词词义为\"错误的观念\"，故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的\"young and old people are by and large not substitutes in the workplace. They do different types of work in different types of occupation\"可知，在工作场所，年轻人和老年人基本上不是替换关系，他们在不同的行业做不同的工作，由此可知，作者会同意老年人留在工作岗位上不一定会威胁到年轻人的工作，故选

D。

【点评本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和句义猜测四个题型的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

17．阅读理解

Little New Year (Chinese: Xiaonian), usually a week before the lunar New Year, falls on Feb 8 this year. It is also known as the Festival of the Kitchen God, the deity(神) who oversees the moral character of each household. Here are six things you should know about the Little New Year, another sign of the start of spring. ⒈Offer sacrifices to Kitchen God

One of the most distinctive traditions of the Little New Year is the burning of a paper image of the Kitchen God, who will report on the family's conduct over the past year. The offerings to the Kitchen God include pig's head, fish, sweet bean paste, melons, fruit, boiled dumplings, barley sugar, and Guandong candy, a sticky treat made out of glutinous millet and sprouted wheat. Most of the offerings are sweets of various varieties. It is thought that this will seal the Kitchen God's mouth and encourage him to only say good things about the family when he ascends to heaven to make his report. ⒉House cleaning

According to Chinese folk beliefs, during the last month of the year ghosts and deities must choose either to return to Heaven or to stay on Earth. It is believed that in order to ensure the ghosts and deities' timely departure people must thoroughly clean both their persons and their houses, down to every last drawer and cupboard. ⒊Eat Guandong candy

Guandong candy, a sticky treat made out of glutinous millet and sprouted wheat, is a traditional snack that Chinese people eat on the Festival of the Kitchen God. ⒋Paste paper-cuts to windows

In the Little New Year, old couplets and paper-cuts from the previous Spring Festival are taken down, and new window decorations, New Year's posters, and auspicious(吉利的) decorations are pasted up.

⒌Bath and hair-cut

As the old Chinese saying goes, whether they're rich or poor, people often have a haircut before the Spring Festival. The activity of taking bath and haircut is often taken on the Little New Year.

⒍Preparations for Spring Festival

People start to stock up necessary provisions for the Spring Festival since the Little New Year. Everything needed to make offerings to the ancestors, entertain guests, and feed the family over the long holiday must be purchased in advance.

（1）What is the most unusual tradition in the Little New Year?

A. Offering sacrifices to the Kitchen God B. Burning paper image of Kitchen God C. Preparing the necessity for the New Year D. Cleaning house and people themselves

（2）What is the Kitchen God's duty in the man's world?

A. Collecting the information of the man's world B. Protecting the character of each home C. Gathering sacrifices for other Gods in heaven D. Overseeing the moral people in the world （3）Why are most of the offerings sweets?

A. Because the Kitchen God loves sweet foods. B. As it is the traditional customs. C. As people hope the God says good for them. D. Because sweets are the best sacrifices. （4）Which of the following statements is probably TRUE according to the passage? A. Little New Year always falls in February. B. House cleaning is to welcome the New Year. C. In the Little New Year only paper-cuts are pasted up. D. People will make full preparations for the coming New Year. 【答案】（1）B （2）D （3）C （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍中国Little New Year的六种民间习俗，“小年”也预示着春季的开始。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“One of the most distinctive traditions of the Little New Year is the burning of a paper image of the Kitchen God,”可知，小年夜最与众不同的传统之一是烧灶神像。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“it is also known as the Festival of the Kitchen God, the deity(神) who oversees the moral character of each household.”可知，灶神在人间的职责是监管各家各户。故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“It is thought that this will seal the Kitchen God's mouth and encourage him to only say good things about the family when he ascends to heaven to make his report.”可知，人们用甜品贡灶神是为了让灶神替他们在天上美言。故选C。

（4）考查细节理解。根据第一段“…falls on Feb 8 this year.”可知A项不正确，根据第三段中的“It is believed that in order to ensure the ghosts and deities' timely departure people must thoroughly clean…”可知B项不正确，根据第五段可知C项不正确，根据最后一段可知D项正确，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

18．阅读理解

More and more comments sections are being shut down online.

Autumn Phillips had had enough. On Aug. 19, the executive editor of the Quad- City Times in Iowa, and Illinois, US visited her website, qctimes.com, and saw a story about a man who had been shot to death. When she got to the readers' comments sections at the end, she was shocked by what she saw. Below the story was a growing number of comments—a racist remark about democratic votes, a negative comment about police …So Phillips decided to do something she had been thinking about for a long time: she shut down the comments sections.

Phillips was not alone in making such a move. Last week, NPR announced k too was closing its online comments sections. The decisions don't mean that the news outlets are no longer interested in what their audiences are thinking. Both stressed their eagerness to hear from readers and listeners on social networks. But both agreed that comments had deviated from their original intention. And so they had.

In early days of digital journalism, comments were seen as a key part of this new media, a wonderful opportunity for strengthening the dialogue between news producers and their audiences. It was a welcome change, given that for long many news organizations were far too separated from their readers. Much more back and forth conversation seemed like healthy and welcome evolution. Sadly, that's not the way things turned out. Rather than a place for exchanging ideas, comments sections became the home of ugly name-calling, racism and anti-women language. Besides their poisonous quality, comments seem out of place today.

\"Since we made the announcement, I've received an outpouring of responses from our readers,\" she says. \"I've heard from parents whose children were hurt by our online comments. I've heard from people who said they wouldn't send in letters to the editor because they were attacked so fiercely by comments, and wasn't worth it.\"

（1）Why did Autumn Phillips shut down the comments sections? A. They were put to wrong use. B. Her website was attacked heavily. C. They exposed many illegal issues. D. She was angry about readers' comments. （2）What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 indicate about comments? A. They were out of date. B. They had gone against their original intentions. C. They were full of sensitive information. D. They couldn't interest the audience. （3）What was the welcome change in the early digital journalism?

A. Readers, having more access to news. B. Readers' making less negative comments. C. Readers' freedom to express their thoughts. D. Readers' active involvement in the news industry.

（4）How do many readers feel about Autumn Phillips, move according to the last paragraph? A. Cautious. B. Hopeful. C. Surprised. D. Supportive. 【答案】（1）A （2）B （3）D （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，越来越多的在线评论被关闭了。虽然在数字新闻业的早期，在线评论被视为新媒体的重要组成部分，是加强新闻生产者与受众之间对话的绝佳机会；但事实上评论区不是一个交流思想的地方，里面充满了各种负面的消息。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“When she got to the readers' comments sections at the end, she was shocked by what she saw. Below the story was a growing number of comments—a racist remark about democratic votes, a negative comment about police …So Phillips decided to do something she had been thinking about for a long time: she shut down the comments sections.”可知，Autumn Phillips关闭了评论部分是因为他们被错误地使用了。故选A。 （2）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“The decisions don't mean that the news outlets are no

longer interested in what their audiences are thinking. Both stressed their eagerness to hear from readers and listeners on social networks. But both agreed that comments had deviated from their original intention.” 这些决定并不意味着新闻媒体不再对他们的听众的想法感兴趣。两人都强调，他们渴望在社交网络上听到读者和听众的声音。但双方都认为，评论偏离了他们最初的意图。由此推知划线句子的意思是“他们违背了他们最初的意图。”故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“In early days of digital journalism, comments were seen as a key part of this new media, a wonderful opportunity for strengthening the dialogue between news producers and their audiences. It was a welcome change, given that for long many news organizations were far too separated from their readers.”可知，在早期的数字新闻中，读者积极参与新闻行业是受欢迎的改变。故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“I've heard from parents whose children were hurt by our online comments. I've heard from people who said they wouldn't send in letters to the editor because they were attacked so fiercely by comments, and wasn't worth it.”可知，根据最后一段许多读者对Autumn Phillips是支持的。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

19．阅读理解

A new family moved in next door and I got to meet the mother of the family, Lydia. Lydia is Korean, and her family moved to our city so her husband could go to graduate school. We started talking, and she was apologetic about how bad her English was, but I didn't care. I knew how hard it was to learn a second language. I enjoyed chatting with Lydia as we watched our kids play. It was what came next that challenged me: Lydia asked if I'd be willing to help her with her English. Now, I am not a teacher. I admire teachers, and I'm grateful for teachers, and it's because I admire what they do so much that I was very very sure that I couldn't do it myself.

But Lydia was sure that she wanted my help. I was doubtful. I wasn't sure my \"help\" was even worth being called by that name. But because she asked me, I said \"yes.\" And that was the beginning of a friendship. Lydia and I spent afternoons sitting together and reading the newspaper, and as we did, she asked me questions when she had them questions about language, yes, but also questions about the new culture she found herself in. In turn, I asked my own questions, growing curious about her home country and culture. We bonded over our shared faith and our struggles as mothers of kids with special needs, When I complimented（恭维） her cooking, she began to teach me about Korean food, eventually leading to a shared trip to explore the Korean grocery stores in our city. Because of Lydia, 1 learned more about my own hometown than I ever could have learned by myself. I'm still not sure that I'm any good as a teacher. But I'm grateful I said \"yes\" when my neighbor asked me to help her with her English. That meant spending extra time with my neighbor, and that extra time meant she didn't remain just my neighbor. She became my friend. （1）What was Lydia sorry about?

A. Her bad English. B. Her carelessness.

C. Nobody teaching her English. D. Her poor life in a new place.

（2）What can be concluded from the third paragraph?

A. The author admired teachers. B. The author wanted to be a teacher. C. The author didn't want to help Lydia. D. The author was not confident in helping Lydia. （3）Why was the author grateful at the last paragraph?

A. She managed to learn English well. B. She made friends with her neighbor. C. She learned how to cook Korean food. D. She realized her dream of being a teacher. （4）What can we learn from the passage?

A. No pains, no gains. B. A friend in need is a friend indeed. C. To help others is to help ourselves. D. Where there is a will, there is a way. 【答案】（1）A （2）D （3）B （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在帮助新搬来的邻居学习英语时，感受到了快乐和收获，并且和邻居成为了好朋友。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“We started talking, and she was apologetic about how bad her English was,”可知，Lydia遗憾的是她的英语不好。故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“But Lydia was sure that she wanted my help. I was doubtful. I wasn't sure my‘help’ was even worth being called by that name.”可知作者没有信心帮助Lydia。故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“But I'm grateful I said \"yes\" when my neighbor asked me to help her with her English. That meant spending extra time with my neighbor, and that extra time meant she didn't remain just my neighbor.”可知，作者之所以感激是因为她与她的邻居成了朋友。故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“That meant spending extra time with my neighbor, and that extra time meant she didn't remain just my neighbor. She became my friend”可知，帮助别人也就是帮助自己。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

20．阅读理解

Can exercise during childhood protect you against memory loss many decades later?Exercise early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain,in rats at least.

\"This is an animal study,but it shows that physical activity at a young age is very important一not just for physical development,but for the whole lifelong track of cognitive（认知的）development during ageing,\"says Martin Wojtowicz of the University of Toronto,Canada.\"In humans,it may delay the appearance of Alzheimer's symptoms（阿兹海默氏症）,possibly to the point of preventing them.\"

Wojtowicz's team divided 80 young male rats into two equal groups,and placed running wheels in the cages of one group for a period of six weeks.Around four months later—when the rats had

reached middle age—the team taught all the rats to connect an electric shock with being in a specific box.When placed in the box,they froze with fear.

Two weeks later,the team tested the rats in three situations: exactly the same box in the same room,the same box with the room arranged differently,and a completely different box in a different room.

The rats without access to a running wheel when they were young now froze the same percentage of times in each of these situations,suggesting they couldn't remember which one was dangerous.But those that had been able to run in their youth froze 40 to 50 percent less in both changed box settings.

“The results suggest the amount of physical activity when we're young,at least for rats,has influence on brain and cognitive health—in the form of better memories—when we're older,\"says Arthur Kramer of Northeastern University in Boston,who has found that,in humans,exercise promotes the growth of new brain cells. （1）The study shows that______.

A. physical activity is important for physical health B. using the running wheels is of benefit to the rats' growth

C. physical activity can prevent human's Alzheimer's symptoms D. the more exercise a rat has when young,the better memory it will possess when older （2）How are Paragraph 3 and 4 mainly developed? A. By analyzing causes. B. By giving an example. C. By describing the process. D. By showing differences. （3）What does the underlined word \"it\" in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A. Exercise. B. Development. C. Benefit. D. Study. （4）What is the author's attitude towards the animal study?

A. Negative. B. Objective. C. Critical. D. Doubtful. 【答案】（1）D （2）C （3）A （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过对实验鼠的实验，发现了动物在年轻时运动越多，老年时的记忆力就越好。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Exercise early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain, in rats at least.”可知，锻炼对大脑终生有好处，至少对老鼠是这样的。故选D。 （2）考查推理判断。根据第三段和第四段讲述Wojtowicz的研究小组对老鼠进行试验的过程，因此通过描述过程发展的。故选C。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据第二段介绍一项动物研究，具体的运动对身体的发育很重要，对于人类，它可能会推迟阿兹海默氏症的出现。因此it在句中指的是具体的身体活动，也就是锻炼。故选A。

（4）考查观点态度。根据短文中对这项老鼠实验的过程及其结果的介绍，用数据表示，可见作者对动物研究的态度是很客观的。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和观点态度四个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。