初中英语常考近义词同义词辨析练习（1）Manymuchmorealotalotof(lotsof)1.How______bananasdoyouwant?2.How______fruitwouldyouliketobuy?3.Therearen’t________eggsinthebasket.Thereisn’t_______milkintheglass.Iwasillyesterday.ButIfeel____betternow.Wecanlearn______fromthebook._______ofuslikeplayingbasketball.Kateis______youngerthanMary.Thereis_______raininthespringthanintheautumnhere.答案：1.many;2.much;3.many/alotof;4.much/alotof;5.much;6.alot;7.many;8.much;9.more注释：many修饰可数名词复数；much修饰不可数名词；alotof/lotsof既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词；alot相当于名词，“许多”的意思；more更多的，用于比较级，通常和“than”连用。Someanyno1.Arethere_____eggsinthebasket?2.Thereis_______milkintheglass,andyoucandrinkit.“Wouldyoulike_______bananas?”“No,thanks.”4.“Doyouhave______ideaaboutit?”“No,Ihave____idea.”5.Lookatthechildren._____aresinging,______aredancing.WestudyChinese,English,math,and_______othersubjects.Chineseismorepopularthan_____othersubject.IamtiredandIcan’tgo_____further.Idon’tfeel______betternow.答案：1.any;2.some;3.some;4.any;5.no;6.some/some;7.some;8.any;9.any注释：some“一些”，一般用于肯定句中，有时也用在疑问句中表示希望得到对方的肯定回答；any“一些”，用于疑问和否定句中；no“没有”。Whathow1.______istheweathertoday?2.______istheweatherliketoday?3.Idon’tknow_______todo.Idon’tknow______todoit.“______doyoulikethefood?”-“Verymuch.”6._____doyouthinkofthismovie?7._______doyoulikeaboutchina?Thepeopleandthefood.Hedoesn’tknow_____todowiththisbrokenbike.Canyoutellme_____todealwiththisproblem?10.“_____ishelike?”“Heisseriousandkind.”11.“_______doeshelooklike?”“Heistallandhascurlyhair.”答案：1.how;2.what;3.what;4.how;5.how;6.what;7.what;8.what;9.how;10.what;11.what注释：询问天气有两个句型：howistheweather?/Whatistheweatherlike?;3,4两个句子中从句部分，如果不定式”todo”后面不接任何名词或代词，从句引导词用”how”,反之，则用”what”;5句，询问程度用”how”;6句，whatdoyouthinkof+某人/某事物——你觉得-----怎么样？；8,9句与3,4句做法相同；10,11句，固定句型：whatishelike?他性格怎么样？/whatdoeshelooklike?他长什么样？Havehasthereisthereareistherearethere1.Howmanyminutes_____________inanhour?2.We________manyflowersinourgarden._______youaniphone5?=doyou______aniphone5?4._____________ablackboardandalotofdesksintheclassroom._____________fourseasonsinayear.Oneofmyfriends______aplane.__________alotofmilkinthebottle.______________threebottlesofmilkinthefridge.He_____apeninhishand.___________anycheeseontheplate?11.______________anypeopleintheclassroom?12.There____________afootballmatchtomorrow.There__________________achurchhere.(过去有).There____________somebodyintheoffice.(一定有)答案：1.arethere;2.have;3.have/have;4.thereis;5.thereare;6.has;7.thereis;8.thereare;9.has;10.isthere;11.arethere;12.willbe;13.usedtobe;14.mustbe注释：have,has“有”，主语只能是人，第一二人称及第三人称复数用have,第三人称单数用has；therebe句型也表示“有”的意思，4,5句要注意therebe句型的“就近原则”，即：be动词用单数还是复数要看其后的名词或代词是单数还是复数，如果是单数be动词就用单数，反之用复数；7句，milk是不可数名词，be动词用单数；8句，虽然milk不可数，但紧跟therebe句型后的名词是bottles（复数），所以按就近原则，应该用”thereare”;10句，cheese不可数，所以be动词用单数，11句中，people是可数名词复数（people单复数同形），所以be动词用复数；12句，tomorrow暗示事情应该发生在将来，所以用therewillbe（将来会有-----）；13句，thereusedtobe过去有------；14句，theremustbe一定有------Goodwellfinenice1.Tomisa______boy.Heplaysfootballvery_____2.Heis______atmathandshedoes_____inEnglish3.It’sa______day.Let’sgoforawalk4.Thiskindoffoodis_____toeat5.Doyouknowtom?Yes,Iknowhimvery______6.Shesings_____anddances______7.Howareyou?________________thankyou,andyou?8.Hefeels_______enoughtogotoschoolnow.Sportsare______forourhealth10.The_______teacherisalways________toherstudents答案：1.good/well;2.good/well;3.fine;4.good;5.well;6.well/well;7.fine;8.well;9.good;10.nice/good注释：四个词都有“好“的意思，good常用在名词前做定语，或用在”be”动词后面做表语，不能用在动词后修饰该动词；well可用在动词后修饰该动词，也可表示状态好，身体好；fine可形容天气好（晴朗），还可用来回答“howareyou?你好吗？”表示自己很好；nice有“漂亮”的意思，常指外形（貌）好。注意几个固定搭配——begoodat=dowellin擅长做某事；begoodfor对-----有好处；begoodtosb.对某人好；begoodtodosth.做某事是有好处的Inonat1.___theeveningofOctober5th,Isawacarrunintotheriver2.___asummereveningwhenhewasonhiswayhome,abigdogwasfollowinghim3.Thisstoryhappened_____acoldeveningofJanuary19994.Weusuallydoourhomework___theevening5.shelikestogooutforawalk_____night6.______arainynight,Ilostmywayinawoods.答案：1.on;2.on;3.on;4.in;5.at;6.on注释：在具体某天的上下午，晚上用”on”；当”morning,afternoon,evening,night”前有词语修饰时，也用”on”；intheevening(morning/afternoon)是固定短语，此外注意”atnight=inthenight在晚上；onthecoldnight”(当night前有词语修饰时也用“on”)Findfindoutlookfor1.That’smyMP5.Ilostitamomentago.Who_____it?2.I___itjustnow,butIcouldn’t____it.I‘dliketomakeatriptoThailand.Willyou____whatwecandothere?4.Wemust_____whobroketheglassofthewindow5.Whatareyoudoing?I’m_____myglasses6.Thinkhard,andyouwill____theanswertotheproblem答案：1.found;2.lookedfor/find;3.findout;4.findout;5.lookingfor;6.find注释：find(过去式found)“找到”，强调结果；lookfor“寻找”，强调过程；findout“弄清楚，查明”。Seelooklookatwatchvisitread1._____outofthewindow,andyouwill____whatyouwant2.Idon’twanttogosofarto_____afilmonthecoldnight3.Didyou_____yesterday’sfootballmatch?Itwasveryexciting4.She_____aroundherand______nothingunusualintheroom.You___illandyoumustgoto______adoctor6._______!Thereisabeautifulbirdonthelake7.________thebird.Itisbadlyhurt8.We’regoingto_______mygrandparentsinWuHan9.Whatareyou________?Nothing,I’mjustthinking10.Theoldmanoften________childrenplaygamesinthepark11.看书______books;看报_____newspapers;看望朋友_______friends答案：1.look/see;2.see;3.watch;4.looks/sees(looked/saw);5.look/see;6.look;7.lookat;8.visit/see;9.looking;10.watches;11.read/read/visit(see)注释：see“看见”，强调结果，注意两个句型——seesbdoingsth看见某人正在做某事；seesb.dosth.看见某人做了某事（例如：Iseealittlegirldancinginthepark我看见一个小女孩正在公园里跳舞;Iseemyfriendcleantheclassroom我看见我朋友打扫过教室了），句2“seeafilm看电影”和句5“seeadoctor看医生”，都是固定短语。此外，see还有“看望”“明白”“送别”的意思，例如：Iseeyouareakindman我明白你是个好人/seesb.off送别某人；look“看”，强调“看”的动作，后面不能接人或物，如果要表示看某人/某物，则要用“lookat”；观看比赛，表演或其他活动用watch(watchTV看电视)；visit拜访/看望（某人），参观（某地）；read“阅读”，用于读书看报看杂志等动词短语。Hearlistenlistentohearofhearfrom1.Whenthelittlegirl_____someonecomingclosetoherroom,shestoppedcrying2.Somepeoplearesittingaroundtheradio.Theyare__________theimportantnews3.Alicewentintoadarkroomshe_____but______nothing4.I_____thathe’llbebackinamonth5.Youmust______theteacherinclass.Yes,butIcan’t______himclearly6.____________!Someoneiscrying.Canyou____it?7.Didyou____himgoout?8.I’venever________herIknownothingabouther答案：1.heard;2.listeningto;3.listened/heard;4.hearof;5.listento/hear;6.listen;7.hear;8.heardfrom注释：hear(过去式，过去分词heard)“听见”，强调结果，常见句型——hearsb.doingsth.看见某人正在做某事；hearsb.dosth.听见某人做了某事;listen“听”，强调“听”的动作，其后不能接人或物，如果要表示听什么，则用listento,其后可接人/物；hearof-----“听说-----”（后面可接人或某事物，也可接that从句）；hearfrom+某人，“收到某人来信”，其后只能接人；Wearputonindress1.Itiscoldoutside.__________moreclothes,oryouwillcatchacold2.Look!She_____aredfloweronherhead.Howbeautifulsheis!3.Whatsizedoyou________?I________largesize.Whenhelearnedthenews,hequickly________hiscoatandhishat,andthenwentout5.MyEnglishteacherusually____apairofglasses6.Thegirl________whiteisourmonitor.Mothertoldyoutotakeoffyourdirtyclothesand____cleanclothes8.Youlookcool_____thisdress9.Couldyou_____thechildrenforme?10.Mydaughterisoldenoughto_____herself11.AfterIget____quickly.答案：1.puton;2.iswearing;3.wear/wear;4.puton;5.wears;6.in;7.puton;8.in;9.dress;10.dress;11.dressed.注释：wear“穿，戴”，强调穿着状态；puton“穿上”，强调“穿”的动作；in+颜色形容词，表示穿某种颜色的衣服；dress“穿”，dresssb.“给某人穿衣服”（其后不能接表示衣物的名词，只能接人）/dressup梳妆打扮/getdressed穿衣Toomuchmuchtootoomany1.Thisskirtis_____expensive.Ican’taffordit.Hisfatherdrinks_____tonight.Youtalk_____inclass.Eating_____isbadforyourhealth5.Youare_____kindtome.Someboysspend_____timeoncomputergames.
