非谓语动词——分词
1. 高考真题
____________ from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. A Being separated B Having separated C Having been separated D To be separated 非谓语动词——分词 2. 探索学习
（1） 现在分词
1) Doing和having done
A. The park was full of people, enjoying themselves in the sunshine. 正在进
行的主动
B. The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, allowing more
patients to be treated.主动
C. Many Chinese brands, having developed their reputations over centuries,
are facing new challenges from the modern market.动作发生在谓语动词之前且为主动
D. Having eaten at the cafeteria before, Tina didn’t want to eat there again. 动
作发生在谓语动词之前且为主动
2) Having done和having been done
A. Lionel Messi, having set the record for the most goals in a calendar year, is
considered the most talent football player in Europe. 动作发生在谓语动词之前且为主动
B. Having been completed last year, the airport helps promote tourism in this
area. 动作发生在谓语动词之前且为被动 小结：doing 主动或进行
Having done动作发生在谓语动词之前且为主动
Having been done动作发生在谓语动词之前且为被动
（2） 过去分词:done
区别done, being done, to be done
A. Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time spent with his students.
表被动
B. Ordered over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now. 已经
完成的被动
C. Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it being performed live is
quite another. 正在进行的被动
D. The airport to be completed next year will help promote tourism in this area. 将
来的被动
小结：done 被动或完成
being done 正在进行的被动 to be done 将来的被动 总结
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现在分词 过去分词 完成式 主动 Doing （主动或进行） 被动 Being done（正在进行的被动） Done（被动或完成） Having done（动作发生在Having been done（动作谓语动词之前且为主动） 发生在谓语动词之前且为被动） 3. 注意事项
（1） 常规的主动用法
1) 某些用来表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”的不及物动词，如move, read,
write, sell, wash
Not washing well, silk is still very popular in China.
Selling well, the book was reprinted many times. 这本书销量不错，重印好几
次了。
2) 某些状态动词或不及物动词，如weigh, measure, cost, spread, last, happen,
break out, take place.
Measuring 333 meters, Tokyo Tower is 10 meters higher than Eiffel Towel.
Spreading quickly, the news that a TF Boys would give a show attracted many people to go to Yucai Middle school.
3) 用某些系动词的主动语态表示被动语态，主要指物作主语的系动词，如feel,
smell, taste, sound, prove, remain, stay, appear等。
Sounding very interesting, the story grabbed children’s attention successfully.听起来很有趣，这个故事成功地吸引了孩子们的注意力。 Tasting good, biscuits were sold out quickly.
4) Need, want, require, deserve和worth等的特殊用法
Need doing= need to be done Want doing= want to be done
Be worth doing = be worth to be done= be worthy of being done 这棵树需要浇水。 This tree needs watering. 重庆值得参观。Chongqing is worth visiting.
（2） 常规的被动用法
1) Devote oneself to sth= sb be devoted to, seat oneself= sb be seated, amuse
oneself=sb be amused, lose oneself= be lost in, prepare oneself= be prepared for, concern oneself about= sb be concerned about, commit oneself to = sb be committed to
The old teacher devoted herself to teaching all her life. =The old teacher was devoted to teaching all her life. 那位老教师一生致力于教育工作。
My grandfather is an old teacher devoted to teaching all his life. 我爸爸是一个一生致力于教育工作的老教师。
2) 一些固定的被动结构表示主动意义
Be hidden in 躲藏在
Be buried in 专心致志于，埋头于
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Be absorbed in 专心致志于 Be lost迷路
在沙漠中迷了路，他不知道做什么。 Lost in the desert, he didn’t know what to do.
埋头于学习，我没有听见我妈妈叫我吃晚饭。 Buried in learning, I didn’t hear my mother’s calling for dinner.
小结：用英文逻辑，看单词平时的用法
（3） -ing和-ed区别
A. He had a pleased smile on his face. 他脸上露出了满意的微笑。
注意：a pleased smile 意为“满意的微笑”，它指的是某人因感到满意发出的微笑；同理，air(神态), appearance(外貌), cry(哭声), face(表情), voice(声音), mood(情绪)等显示某人的情感状况都要用-ed. B. –ing 令人感到…（事物的性质或特征）
-ed 感到…
He is frightened. 他很害怕。（他自己感到很害怕） He is frightening. 他很吓人。（他让别人感到害怕。）
He has a frightened look on his face. 他脸上带有惊恐的神情。 He has a frightening look on his face. 他脸上带有吓人的神情。 C. 选择最佳选项。
1. Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents _____.
A. worried B. to worried C. worrying D. worry
2. The little boy isn’t getting on well in maths and worse still, he is even unwilling to go to school. With her son _____, she feels very ______.
A. disappointing; worrying B. disappointing; worried C. disappointed; worried D. disappointed; worrying 3. As we all know, typing is a ______ job to a ______ heart.
A. tired; tired B. tired; tiring C. tiring; tired D. tiring; tiring
4. Poor boy! His________ looks and ________hands suggested he was very afraid.
A. frightful; trembling B. frightened; trembling C. frightening; trembled D. frightened; trembly
答案与解析：ABCB
4. 练习题
（1） 高考专练
1) Today there are many more airplanes carrying more people than ever before in
the skies. (carry)
2) There’s a note pinned to the door saying when the shop will open again. (say) 3) Last night, there were millions of people watching the opening ceremony live on
TV. (watch)
4) When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood to the
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ground, wondering whether to stay or leave. (wonder)
5) Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way using the sun and the stars. (use) 6) I got to the office earlier that day, having caught the 7:30 train from Paddington.
(catch)
7) A good listener takes part in the conversation, offering ideas and rising questions
to keep the talk flowing. (offer)
8) The witnesses questioned by the police just now gave very different descriptions
of the flight. (question)
9) Absorbed in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching. (absorb)
10) The manager was satisfied to see many new products developed after great effort.
(develop)
11) Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake. (tell)让步状语
过去被动
12) Listen! The song being sung is very popular with the students. (sing)
13) The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain seated as the plane was
making a landing. (seat)
14) Founded in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of
art. (found)
15) The Olympic Games having take place in Beijing in 2008 attracted reporters
of all countries. (take place)
（2） 改错
1) Shake her head, she said, “It isn’t a good time to do that, dear. (Shake 改为
Shaking，现在分词表伴随) (江苏卷)
2) I have some records giving to me as birthday gifts.(giving 改为 given，“把某物
给某人”是give sth to sb;句中records与give是被动关系，故用过去分词) 3) That is, a game of tennis making him very busy. (making 改为made，因为缺谓
语，不能用非谓语形式，根据上下文用一般过去时) (北京春季卷) 4) The film is very interesting. It is worth see twice.
5) He decided to go to the south, find a job and living there.
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