仁爱版八年级上册总复习

一般将来时态

1、用be going to do表示将来，计划、打算在将来进行某事。

Are you going to post that letter? How long is he going to stay here? I am going to book a ticket. 另一意义是表示“预见”，即现在已有迹象表明将要发生或即将发生某种情况。 It’s going to rain.

2、用will/ shall do表示将来：

一是表示预见：You will feel better after taking this medicine. Do you think it will rain? 二是表示意愿

I will not lend the book to you.

基本结构：She will come to have class tomorrow. Will she come to have class tomorrow? She won’t come to have class tomorrow. What will she do tomorrow?

肯定形式：①am/is/are going to + do；②will/shall + do.

否定形式：①am/is/are going not to + do；②will/shall not + do.

3、用be doing表示将来：主要意义是表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，常用于位置转移的动词。 如：go，come，leave，arrive等，也可用于其他动作动词。 We are having fish for dinner.

We are moving to a different hotel the day after tomorrow. 一般将来时练习

一、用所给动词的一般将来时填空

1. I ______（leave）in a minute. I ______（finish）all my work before I ______ （leave）. 2. —How long _____ you _____（study）in our country? —I _____（plan）to be here for about one more year. —I _____（hope）to visit the other parts of your country.

—What ______ you ______（do）after you ______（leave）here? —I ______（return）home and ______（get）a job.

3. I ______（be）tired. I ______（go）to bed early tonight.

4. Mary’s birthday is next Monday, her mother _____（give）her a present. 5. It is very cold these days. It ______（snow）soon. 6. —_____ you _____（be）here this Saturday? —No. I ______（visit）my teacher.

7. —______ I ______（get）you a copy of today’s newspaper? —Thank you.

8. I am afraid there ______（be）a meeting this afternoon. I can’t join you.

9. Mike ______（believe, not）this until he ______（see）it with his own eyes. 10. Most of us don’t think their team ______（win）. 二、单项选择

（ ）1. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.

A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be （ ）2. Charlie ________ here next month.

A. isn’t working B. doesn’t working C. isn’t going to working D. won’t work （ ）3. He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week.

A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be （ ）4. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.

A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be （ ）5. –________ you ________ free tomorrow? – No. I ________ free the day after tomorrow.

A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be （ ）6. Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give （ ）7. – Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? –________. （不，不要。）

A. No, you won’t B. No, you aren’t. C. No, please don’t D. No, please. （ ）8. – Where is the morning paper? – I ________ it for you at once.

A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get （ ）9. ________ a concert next Saturday?

A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are （ ）10. If they come, we ________ a meeting.

A. have B. will have C. had D. would have （ ）11. He ________ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday. A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is going to give （ ）13. He ________ in three days.

A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back （ ）14. If it ________ tomorrow, we’ll go roller-skating.

A. isn’t rain B. won’t rain C. doesn’t rain D. doesn’t fine （ ）15. – Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow? – No, ________ （不去）.

A. they willn’t B. they won’t. C. they aren’t D. they don’t.

（ ）16. Who ________ we ________ swimming with tomorrow afternoon? A. will; go B. do; go C. will; going D. shall; go

（ ）18. Tomorrow he ________ a kite in the open air first, and then ________ boating in the park. A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goes C. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go 20. There ________ a birthday party this Sunday.

A. shall be B. will be C. shall going to be D. will going to be （ ）21. They ________ an English evening next Sunday.

A. are having B. are going to have C. will having D. is going to have （ ）22. ________ you ________ free next Sunday? A. Will; are B. Will; be C. Do; be D. Are; be （ ）23. He ________ there at ten tomorrow morning. A. will B. is C. will be D. be

（ ）24. ________ your brother ________ a magazine from the library?

A. Are; going to borrow B. Is; going to borrow C. Will; borrows D. Are; going to borrows （ ）25. – Shall I come again tomorrow afternoon? –________ （好的）.

A. Yes, please B. Yes, you will. C. No, please D. No, you won’t. （ ）26. It ________ the year of the horse next year.

A. is going to be B. is going to C. will be D. will is

（ ）27. ________ open the window?

A. Will you please B. Please will you C. You please D. Do you （ ）28. – Let’s go out to play football, shall we? – OK. I ________.

A. will coming B. be going to come C. come D. am coming （ ）29. It ________ us a long time to learn English well. A. takes B. will take C. spends D. will spend （ ）30. The train ________ at 11.

A. going to arrive B. will be arrive C. is going to D. is arriving

初中英语过去进行时专项语法讲解 (一）定义

过去进行时，是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。 （二）结构

was/were +doing (现在分词） （三）用法

1、过去进行时表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情。常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while例如： We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.

昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。 What was he researching all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在研究什么？

My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来，受伤了。 It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。

When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 当我到达山顶的时候，阳光灿烂。

2. 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。如：

What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday?

昨天晚上九点她在做什么？ (介词短语表示时间点) When I saw him he was decorating his room.

当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。 (when从句表示时间点)

3. 在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。例如：

While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper. 他边等车边看报。 (两个动作都是延续的) He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. 他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行) 4. 通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(拥有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。例如： 误：I was knowing the answer.

正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。 误：I wasn't understanding him.

正：I didn't understand him. 我不明白他的意思。 典型例题：

1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.

A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes

答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同时，when表时间的同时性，“玛丽在做衣服时”提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。

2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.

A. read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read;fell

答案B.句中的as = when, while，意为\"当……之时\"。描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行时；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为 \"在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。\"句中的 fell (fall的过去时)，是系动词，后跟形容词，如：fall sick。 （四）过去进行时和一般过去时的区别

1．一般过去时叙述旧事，过去进行时描述背景。 Ａ、一般过去时

１）叙述过去状态、动作或事件

He went to Beijing last Sunday.（带具体时间） ２）表示过去的习惯 a) used to

used to 表一贯性有规律的习惯 They used to meet

He smoked a lot two years ago. （过去行为） Used to 表今昔对比的含义。

She isn't what she used to be. (今昔对比) c) 表示状态时一般只用used to

Tom used to be fat /There used to stand a tree there. (状态) B. 过去进行时

－表示在过去某阶段或某一时刻正在发生

What were you doing at 8:30 last night? (过去某时刻正在发生)

－与always ,often ,usually 等连用表喜爱，讨厌等感情色彩。He was always Changing his mind. 2、过去进行时与一般过去时的区别

A. 进行时表某一行为的“片断”一般时表示行为的“整体”和存在的状态。 I was reading the book at that time. (未读完，“读”的片段) I read the book yesterday. (已读完，表整个“读”)

B、一般持续时间状语多与进行时连用

It was raining all night.(优先用was raining ,rained 为持续动词，故也可使用)

He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon. (短暂动词与持续时间连用，表反复，连续发生，不可用一般过去时)

C、while 时间状语从句中用短暂动词时只能用进行时。 例：He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down.

D、While 所在主从句动作大致持续相等时主从句一般都用进行时，但若是持续动词可都用一般过去时，两个动作一长一短时短的用一般过去时，长的用进行时。

I was cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano.(平行) I saw him while I was walking to the station.

3、英语中有四类动词一般不用进行时（不用现在进行时和过去进行时）

1)表心理状态、情感的动词，如love ,hate ,like ,care ,respect ,please ,prefer ,know 等。 2)表存在、状态的动词，如appear ,exist ,lie ,remain ,stand ,seem等

3)表感觉的动词，如see ,hear ,feel ,smell ,sound ,taste等.

4)表一时性的动词，如accept ,allow ,admit ,decide ,end ,refuse ,permit ,promise等。 5、例题

考题1 As she ____the newspaper ,Granny ____ asleep .(95) A. read /was falling B .was reading /fell C. Was reading /was falling D. read/fell

分析 时间从句的动作长，而“入睡”动作短，故前者用过去进行时，而较短动词用一般过去时，选B 考题2 Tom ___ into the house when no one ___ . A. slipped/was looking B. Had slipped /looked C. slipped/had looked D. was slipping /looked

分析 此题先要理解好when ，表“此时”，说明主句中slipped是较短行为，而look是较长行为的片断，即汤姆溜进房子，此时没人瞧见，故选A为正确。 时态比较

过去进行时与一般过去时：都强调过去发生的事 ，进行时强调过程，不一定完成 ，过去时强调事件，一定完成 。

过去进行时与一般过去时，两者都表示过去发生的动作,但过去进行时表示在过去某一特定的时间点或时间段正在进行的动作,而一般过去时表示在过去时间完成的动作｡例如: I was typing a letter last night. 昨晚我在打一封信｡(可能没打完) I typed some letters last night. 我昨晚打了一些信｡(已经打完)

1、一般过时往往表示某一动作已经完成，而过去进行时却表示动作在持续或未完成。 She wrote a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚给朋友写了封信。 (信写完了)

She was writing a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚一直在给朋友写信。 (信不一定写完) 2、一般过去时表示只做一次动作，而过去进行时却表示动作反复地进行。 She waved to me. 她朝我挥了挥手。

3、句中有a moment ago、in 1990 、yesterday之类的表示过去的时间短语一般用一般过去时。 4、句中有at this time last Sunday, from 8 to 9 yesterday 之类的状语一般用过去进行时。

注意：进行时态只用于表示显然是连续不断的动作。如果把动作分割开，或者说出其发生的次数，就必须用一般过去时：I talked to Tom several times． 我跟汤姆谈过几次话。 Tom washed both cars． 汤姆把两辆汽车都洗了。

当然，看来是并行的两个动作可以都用进行时态来表示：

Between one and two I was doing the shopping and walking the dog．一点到两点之间我在购物、遛狗。 进行时态通常和某些时间状语如 today，last night，in the afternoon连用。这些时间状语可以看做是表示某一时刻，也可以看做是表示某一段时间。 不用于进行时的动词

感官动词：hear,see,notice,feel,taste…… 表示态度感情的动词：like,love,hate…… 表心理状态：feel,want,prefer…… 表占有：own,have,……

表存在状态和持续：look,own,be…… when 和while的用法区别 两者的区别如下：

①when既指时间点，也可指一段时间；

while只指一段时间，因此when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性动词，也可以是延续性动词，而while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。

②when 说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时，也可以是先后发生；while 则强调主句的动作在从句动作的发生的过程中或主从句两个动作同时发生。

③由when引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句应用一般过去时；如果从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都用过去进行时的时候，多用while引导，如： a. When the teacher came in, we were talking. 当此句改变主从句的位置时，则为： While we were talking, the teacher came in. b．They were singing while we were dancing. 一般过去时练习题

一、用所给动词的正确时态填空。

1. He________ TV every evening. (watch) 2. We always ________ to school on foot. (go)

3. Tom, with his classmates, often ______ football after school. (play) 4. Their classroom _________ four big windows. (have) 5. Your shoes _______ under the bed. (be)

6. She ______ for her friends at the bus stop now. (wait) 7. Sorry, I_______ no enough money with me now. (have) 8. The days _______ longer and longer now. (get) 9. ______ here and ______ by me. (come, stand) 10. Look, the bus _______. (come)

11. His uncle usually _________ to work by bus. (go)

12. Sorry, I’m busy. I ______to a friend of mine in Hangzhou. (write) 13. Lin Tao and his classmates ______ on a farm next week. (work) 14. We ______ to the Great Wall if it _______ fine tomorrow. (go, be) 15. Look at the cloud. I think it ________. (rain) 16. Mary _______thirteen next year. (be)

17. Today is Monday. Tomorrow ______ Tuesday. (be) 18. There _______ no hospitals here ten years ago. (be) 19. He _____you to the station tomorrow morning. (see) 20. It _____ very hard. We’d better stay at home. (rain)

21. I always ______ up at six in the morning, but I _____up a little later yesterday. (get ) 22. She _______ swim very well when she was five years old. (can) 23. They ________ in Beijing in 1960. (be)

24. He always _______ to work by bike when he was in Shanghai. (go) 25. I _____ you up as soon as I ______to Nanjing. (ring, get) 26. They never _________ in the room. (smoke)

27. I______ to school yesterday because I _____ill. (not go, be) 28. John ________ like his father. (look) 29. Be quiet. The baby ______.(sleep)

30. Some young people _______in the lake. (swim)

二、按要求变换句型。

1. Father bought me a new bike. （同义句）

Father bought _______ _______ ________ ________ me.

2. Frank read an interesting book about history. （一般疑问句） _______ Frank _______ an interesting book about history?

3. He’s cleaning his rooms. （划线提问）________ he _______? 4. Why not go out for a walk? （同义句）

_______ ________ ________ out for a walk?

5. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book. （否定句） Thomas _______ _______ RMB 10 on this book.

6. My family went to the beach last week. （划线提问） ________ ________ ________ family _______ last week? 7. I didn’t have any friends. （一般疑问句） ________ _______ have _______ friends?

8. I think she is Lily’s sister. （否定句）____________________ 9. Sally often does some reading in the morning. （否定句） Sally _______ often ______ some reading in the morning. 形容词比较级

(一)一般句式的构成： 主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。 如： She is taller than me.

（二）英语形容词比较级的构成

英语形容词比较等级有三个：原级，比较级和最高级。 形容词比较等级形式变化有规则的和不规则的两种。 规则变化

1）单音节词末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级） 【例】 原级 比较级 最高级 Great- greater -greatest small –smaller- smallest clean- cleaner -cleanest

2）单音节如以e结尾，只加-r（比较级），-st（最高级） 【例】 fine –finer- finest wide –wider- widest

3）闭音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er（比较级），-est（最高级） 【例】 big -bigger -biggest Hot- hotter- hottest red -redder -reddest

4）少数以-y，-er，ow，-ble结尾的双音节词，末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）。以-y结尾的词，如-y前是辅音字母，则变y为-i，再加-er和-est。以-e结尾的词只加-r和-st。 【例】 clever cleverer cleverest narrow narrower narrowest able abler ablest easy easier easiest

5）其它双音节和多音节词皆在前面加单词more和most。 【例】 careful-more careful- most careful Difficult- more difficult-most difficult Delicious- more delicious -most delicious

6)形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示\"较不\"和\"最不\"

important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要 不规则变化

原级 比较级 最高级 good/well -better -best bad -worse -worst

many/much -more -most little –less- least

far -farther/further- farthest/furthest 二、 形容词各等级的用法：

1、 原级（同级）比较：as…as…; not as(so)…as… We’ll give you as much help as we can. She isn’t as(so)active in sports as before.

2. 比较级：表示两者之间比…… 更……可用状语much, a little, even等修饰： He made fewer mistakes than I did.

He is even richer than I.

3、最高级：形容词最高级前必须加the, 副词最高级前常省略the，后面多用of……， in……短语表示范围：结构为:主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句 It was the most/least interesting story I have ever listened. He is the tallest of the three.

4、 如果在两者之间表示“最……”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair短语： John is the clever of the two boys. Of the two boys, John is the clever. 三、 重点与难点：

1、 as…as…结构：你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。

You’re a boy as good as Tom.=You’re as good a boy as Tom.

2、 (1)too…to与 so…that sb.can’t…的句型转换：前者为简单句，主语只有一个，而后者为复合句，主语有两个，试比较：

The man was too angry to be able to speak.

The man was so angry that he wasn’t able to speak. The milk was too hot to drink.

The milk was so hot that we can’t drink it. (2) too…to…与 not enough to句型的转换：

He is too young to get married.=He is not old enough to get married. The book is too difficult for me to read.= The book is not easy enough for me to read. 3、 形容词原级表示比较级含义：

约翰不象迈克那么苯。John is not so stupid as Mike. John is less stupid than Mike. John is cleverer than Mike.

4、 用比较级表示最高级：约翰是班里最高的男生。 John is taller than any other boy in the class. John is the tallest boy in the class. John is taller than :any other boy. any of the other boy. all the other boy. any of the others. any one else.

5、 the more….. the more….表示“越……越……”: The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is. The more food you eat, the fatter you are.

6、 more and more….表示“越来……越……”:

More and more students realized the importance of a foreign language. Our country is getting stronger and stronger.

形容词比较级和最高级练习题 1. This box is___ that one.

A. heavy than B. so heavy than C. heavier as D. as heavy as 3 This book is____ that one, but____ than that one.

A. as difficult as; expensive B. as more difficult as; more expensive C. as difficult as; more expensive D. more difficult as; as expensive

4 I think the story is not so ___ as that one.

A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting 6. I think science is _ than Japanese.

A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much important 7. This pencil is___ than that one.

A. longest B. long C. longer D. as long

9. These children are ____ this year than they were last year.

A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller 10. It was very hot yesterday, but it is___ today.

A. even hotter B. more hotter C. much more hot D. much hot 11. Mrs Black has got____ instead of getting any better.

A. more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse 12. When we arrived, we found the meeting room crowded with___ students. A. quite a few B. only a few C. few D. a few quite 14.Through the window we can see nothing but ____ buildings.

A. tall very many B. very many tall C. very tall many D. many very tall 15. -What's your brother like? -He is___.

A. a driver B. very tall C. my friend D. at school 16.The jacket was so___ that he decided to buy it. , A. much B. little C. expensive D. cheap 17. Our classroom is____ larger than theirs.

A. more B. quite C. very D. much 21. His father is____than his mother. ;

A. older four years B. as four years older C. four years older D. bigger four years 22. Maths is more popular than____.

A. any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subject D. other subject 23. China is larger than ____ in Africa

A. any other country B. other countries C. the other country D. any country 24. Tom is stronger than ___ in his class.

A. any other boy B. any boys C. any boy D. other boy 25. When spring comes, it gets____.

A. warm and warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter 26. By and by, ____ students in our class came to like English.

A. more and more B. much and much C. many and many D. less and least 27. At last he began to cry ___.

A. hard and hard B. more hard and more hard C. harder and harder D. less hard and less harder

28. When spring comes the days get ____ and nights ____.

A. short; long B. long; short C. longer; shorter D. shorter; longer

29. ___ I look at the picture, ____ I like it.

A. The best; the more B. The more; the less C. The more; less D. More; the more 30. ___ he read the book, ____ he got in it.

A. The more; the more interesting B. The less; the more interesting C. The more; the more interested D. More; more interested 32. I like___ one of the two books.

A. the older B. oldest C. the oldest D. older 34. Of the two cups, he bought .

A. the smaller B. the smallest C. small D: smaller 35. 1 Which do you like ___, tea or coffee? A. well B. better C. best D. most 36. This work is ____ for me than for you.

A. difficult B. most difficult C. much difficult D. more difficult 37. Which do you think tastes ____, the chicken or the fish? A. good B. better C. best D. well

38. The Great Pyramid is about 137 metres high today, but it was once A. higher B. highest C. high too D. more high 40. Who jumped____of all?

A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the most far 41. Li Lei is___ student in our class.

A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest

42. The fifth orange is____ of all. Give it to that small child. A. big B. bigger C. the bigger D. the biggest 44. Tom is one of ____ boys in our class.

A. tallest B. taller C. the tallest D. the tall 45. English is one of____ spoken in the world.

A. the important languages B. the most important languages C. most important language D. the most important language 46. Beijing is one of____ in China.

A. the largest city r B. the large cities C. the larger cities D. the largest cities 48. ___ like playing football and watching TV.

A. Most boys B. Most of they C. Most boy D. More of they 52 The tree is ___ in the garden.

A. the taller B. the tallest C. taller than of-all D. tall. 53. Mary studies harder in her class.

A. as any one B. than any other girl C. than the other D. than anyone 54. Which is___, Li Lei or Wu Tong?

A. strong B. strongest C. stronger D. the strongest 55. Which language is____, English, French or Japanese?

A. easy B. the most easy C. the easiest D. much more easy 56.Which is____interesting, science, maths or English? A. more B. the most C. very D. too 60. Mike, I have____to tell you.

A.important something B.important anything C. something important , D. anything important 62. -Is Mrs Brown badly ill?

-No, ____. Only a little cold.

A. quite well B. nothing serious C. not worry D. anything serious 67. I'm not ___ to lift the heavy box.

A. short enough B. enough tall C. health enough D. strong enough 68. The girl works hard ___ to pass the exam. A. enough B. too C. still D. yet 69. He has____ to think it over.

A. many time B. times C. time enough D. enough time 70. \"Do you want____

A. else anything B. anything else C. other anything D. else something 71. Have you seen ___ in the room?

A. anyone else B. else anyone C. anyone other D. everyone else 72. ___ would like to go to the park with me?

A. Whom else B. What else C. Who else D. Else who 73. Wei Fang is only six, but she speaks English____ her mother.

A. as good as B. as better as C. as well as D. as best as 74. She was sick yesterday, but she is____ to go to school today.

A. enough good B. good enough C. enough well D. well enough 77 This shirt is not good. That one is even

A. better B. worse C. well D. worst

82. I am twelve; Mike is fourteen; Mary is thirteen. So Mike is the ___ of the three. A. old B. older C. oldest D. the oldest 83. My ____ brother is three years ____ than I.

A. elder; elder B. older; oldest C. elder; older D. older; elder 84. His ____ son often go to see him on Sunday.

A. eldest B. older C. the eldest D. the older 85. He is two years ___ than I.

A. elder B. smaller C. younger D. less 86. I think the book is very____.

A. interesting B. interested C. interest D. interests .The boys are ___ computers.

A. interesting in B. interested C. interesting about D. interested in 93. I'm sorry. I'm late. My watch is a few minutes____. A. slower B. slowly C. more slowly D. slow