9BUnit5知识点

1. must 情态动词，一定，在此表示推测。表示语气强烈的否定推测时用can’t It’s snowing outside. It must be cold tomorrow.

That restaurant must be very good. It’s always full of people. mustn’t禁止 That girl can’t be Ann. Ann is much taller. 2. Her job is to look after the children.

动词不定式（短语）作表语时，句子的主语通常是dream, job, aim等名词。 3. through prep.穿过；从„„一端到另一端

They walked through the forest and came to a village. The river runs through our city.

across 穿过,指从表面的一边到另一边 Don’t walk across the road! 4. be dying to do sth.渴望做某事；极想做某事

We were all dying to know what happend. I think she will be dying to join us. 5. play with跟„„玩耍；玩„„

Do you often play with your friends on Sundays? It’s dangerous to play with fire.

play the violin拉小提琴 play the piano弹钢琴 play basketball打篮球 play football踢足球 play computer games玩电脑游戏 play a joke/ jokes on sb.开某人玩笑 play cards打牌 play a trick/ tricks on sb.捉弄某人 6.reach v. 到达 When did they reach Beijing?

辨析：reach, arrive与get to reach vt. 后面接表示地点的名词或副词 arrive vi. 表示到达城市、国家等大地方时，其后用介词in;表示达到村庄、车站等小地方时，其后用介词at;arrive后接地点副词时，不用介词 get to vt. 多用与口语，后接表示地点的home,here,there等副词时，to省略 We reached the top of the mountain an hour later. What time does the plane arrive in London? She arrived at the hotel at 11 o’clcok. Can we get to the station in time? How did they get there? 6. one another互相，彼此，通常可与each other互换 We help one another at school.

They looked at one another and said nothing. 7. check in(at)（在旅馆、机场等）登记；报到 Check in at the main gate when you come to the centre.

check out结账离开 check off清点，核对 check on检查，查看 8. opposite prep.与„„相对；在„„对面

The bank is opposite the supermaket. opposite还可用作其他词性： We live on the opposite side of the road. 形容词 另一边的；对面的；相反的 副词 名词 在对面 相反的人（或物）；对立面，常与介词of一起使用 There’s an old man living opposite. “Tall” is the opposite of “ short” 9. can’t wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事 Tom couldn’t wait to open his bag.

1) can’t wait不能等了，可以单独使用We can’t wait another minute. 2) wait for等待；等候 We are waiting for a bus. 3) Wait to do sth.等着做某事 Are you waiting to use the phone? 10. Waring skis for the first time made me feel strange. 1） 作主语：位于句子开头 Seeing is believing.

2） 作宾语：位于动词或介词之后 We all like swimming. 3） 作表语：位于be动词之后 Your task is cleanig shells.

4） 作定语：通常位于名词之前 Our school has a reading room.

11. couple [C]夫妻；情侣 couple作主语时，谓语动词用单数或复数均可。 The couple is /are taking a walk along the river. a couple of两个；少数接个，修饰可数名词复数形式。 A couple of men got out of the building. 12. to be honest 说实在的，通常用于句子开头，其后用逗号与句子的其他部分隔开。 To be honest, it was one of the worst books I’ve ve read. honst adj.坦率的；坦诚的

Kate is an honest girl, so everyone in our class wants to make friends with her. 13. keep on doing sth.不断做某事

Lucy kept on reading in class. Jim kept on asking questions. 辨析：keep on doing 与keep doing keep on doing 表示动作的反复 keep doing 表示动作或状态的持续 This old man kept on coming to offer us hot water. He kept standing there for an hour without moving. 14. fall over被„„绊倒

I rushed for the door and fell over the cat in the hallway. He fell over and broke his leg yesterday. 辨析：fall over, fall down与fall off

（1）fall over 强调“向前摔倒，跌倒”

There is too much snow on the ground. Be careful, or you will fall over.

（2）fall down 强调“滑倒，倒下”，后接宾语时应加上介词from

The boy hit the tree so hard that he fell down. If people run across the road, they may fall down. （3）fall off 强调“跌落，从上掉下来，后直接接宾语，相当于fall down from The girl fell off the bike.(= The girl fell down from the bike.) 15. hold on (to sb./ sth.)抓紧，不放开（某人或某物）

Hold on and don’t let go until I say so. The man held on to a stick in the water. 16.a few几个，一些，修饰可数名词复数，表示肯定含义。 He has a few friends. 辨析：a few, few, a little与little 修饰可数名词 修饰不可数名词 表示肯定意义 a few a little 表示否定意义 few little There are a few eggs on the plate. There are few eggs on the plate. Could you give me a little milk, please? There was little milk in the glass.

16. although conj.虽然，尽管，引导让步状语从句，与although同义，一般情况下，两者可 以换用。只是though常用于非正式的口语或书面语中，而although则较为正式。另外，although的语气比though强。

Although /Though it was raining, we went there. Although/Though it was four o’clock, the lights were already on. 17. spend及物动词，意为“用于，花费（时间或金钱等）

spend time/ money on sth.某人在某事上花费时间/金钱 Sb. spend(s) money (on) doing sth. Sb. spend(s) money (in) doing sth. I spent half an hour watching TV last night. 辨析：spend, pay, take与cost

spend pay take cost 其主语通常是人 Sb. spend (s) money (on) time (in) doing sth.某人花费金钱/时间做某事，某人在某物上花费金钱/时间 其主语是人 常用it作主语 其主语是物 常用于Sb. pay (s) money for sth.某人为某物花费多少钱 It takes sb. some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间 常用于Sth. cost (s) sb. some money 某物花费某人多少钱 18. have a wonderful/ good/ nice great time过得愉快，玩得开心，相当于have (great/ a lot of) fun或enjoy oneself。

They had a wonderful time on the beach.= They had great fun on the beach.= They enjoyed themselves on the beach.

19.over adv.结束 By the time we arrived the meeting was over. 1)over prep.多于，超过，与more than同义 It takes over two hours to get to Wuhan by bus. 2) over prep.在上„„方，表示方位 A lamp hangs over the table. 3)over prep.从一边到另一边 There’s a bridge over the river. 19. shame n.令人惋惜的事，让人遗憾的事。That’s a shame./ It’s a shame./ What a shame! What a shame they couldn’t come. It’s a shame about Bill, isn’t it? 20. until直到„„，作连词，引导时间状语从句，还可作介词。 I’ll wait for you until you come. I read until midnight last night.

not „until„直到„„才„„。此时主句的谓语动词为非延续性动词，表示主句的动词直到until„所表示的时间才开始。

I didn’t go to bed until my parents came back last night.

21. return vt.归还 return sth. to sb.= return sb. sth.还给某人某物，相当于give back to sb. Please return the library books on time.

Don’t forget to return the pen to Mary.= Don’t forget to give the pen back to Mary. return vi.回来，回去，相当于get back, come back或go back. return to„回到„„ He returned very late last night.= He got back very late last night.

Tom returned to his hometown last week.= Tom went back to his hometown last week. 22. show vi.(通过示范)教，解说；演示 show sb. sth.= show sth. to sb.给某人演示/解说 Can you show me how to do it?

She showed her students the technique.= She showed the technique to her students. 1) show vt.给„„看；出示；显示，常构成show sb. sth.或show sth. to sb. Show your book to me, please. =Show me your book, please. 2) show vi.上映；展出

The American film is showing in the cinema.

3) show n.演出，表演；展览；节目 We visited an art show this morning.

23. how to ski是“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，该结构位于know, teach, decide, show等动词 之后做宾语。 He hasn’t decided what to do next. Nobody knows where to go tomorrow. 由疑问词引导的宾语从句，若主从句主语一致，宾语从句可以转换为“疑问词+动词不定式”结构。 I don’t know what I should do next. =I don’t know what to do next.

24. enjoy vt.喜爱，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。 My friend Lingling enjoys music. My sister and I enjoy playing the game.

25. enter vt.报名参加，多指报名参加考试、比赛等。 How many children entered the competition?

enter 进来；进去；进入，相当于go/ come in。 The door was open, but he didn’t enter the room. 26. up to直到；不多于；不迟于 Read up to Page 100.

Up to now he’s been very quiet. 1) up to sth.到达（某数量、程度）；至多有 I can take up to four people in my car.

2) (be) up to sth.正在做，从事着（尤指坏事） What have you been up to? 3)（be）up to sb.由某人决定 —Shall we eat out or stay in? —It’s up to you.

27. since从„„以来，自„„以后，引导时间状语从句；也可以作介词。和表示过去某一时刻

的连词连用。

I haven’t seen him since I left that factory.

He has worked in this factory since five years ago. Please return the library books on time.

Don’t forget to return the pen to Mary.= Don’t forget to give the pen back to Mary. return vi.回来，回去，相当于get back, come back或go back. return to„回到„„ He returned very late last night.= He got back very late last night.

Tom returned to his hometown last week.= Tom went back to his hometown last week. 22. show vi.(通过示范)教，解说；演示 show sb. sth.= show sth. to sb.给某人演示/解说 Can you show me how to do it?

She showed her students the technique.= She showed the technique to her students. 1) show vt.给„„看；出示；显示，常构成show sb. sth.或show sth. to sb. Show your book to me, please. =Show me your book, please. 2) show vi.上映；展出

The American film is showing in the cinema.

3) show n.演出，表演；展览；节目 We visited an art show this morning.

23. how to ski是“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，该结构位于know, teach, decide, show等动词 之后做宾语。 He hasn’t decided what to do next. Nobody knows where to go tomorrow. 由疑问词引导的宾语从句，若主从句主语一致，宾语从句可以转换为“疑问词+动词不定式”结构。 I don’t know what I should do next. =I don’t know what to do next.

24. enjoy vt.喜爱，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。 My friend Lingling enjoys music. My sister and I enjoy playing the game.

25. enter vt.报名参加，多指报名参加考试、比赛等。 How many children entered the competition?

enter 进来；进去；进入，相当于go/ come in。 The door was open, but he didn’t enter the room. 26. up to直到；不多于；不迟于 Read up to Page 100. Up to now he’s been very quiet. 1) up to sth.到达（某数量、程度）；至多有 I can take up to four people in my car.

2) (be) up to sth.正在做，从事着（尤指坏事） What have you been up to? 3)（be）up to sb.由某人决定 —Shall we eat out or stay in? —It’s up to you.

27. since从„„以来，自„„以后，引导时间状语从句；也可以作介词。和表示过去某一时刻

的连词连用。

I haven’t seen him since I left that factory.

He has worked in this factory since five years ago.

a lot “大量”，相当于much “非常”，相当于very much 作宾语 作状语 作定语 We can learn a lot from Miss Li. Jenny enjoys reading a lot. They need a lot of milk. a lot of “许多，大量的”，相当于many或much 31.discover vt.发现 Have they discovered life on Mars? 辨析：discover, find与invent discover表示“偶然”或“经过努力”发现客观存在的事物、真理或错误 find invent 意为“找到，发现”，指对某种事物的寻找，强调找到的结果 意为“发明”，指经过认识和实践创造出以前没有的东西 The island was first discovered by Captain Cook. Have you found your book? Edison invented the electric light bulb.

32.millions 数以百万计的；大量的，无数的 There are millions of stars in the sky.

million 一百万,当hundred, thousand和million等词与具体的数字连用表示确切数目时要用单数形式；但当它们指的是不确切的数目时，必须用复数形式，且后面接介词of，意为“数以„„计的”。

There are about two million people in the city. There are thousands of people in the street. 33.down prep.沿着；顺着，相当于along。

Go down the street until you reach the traffic lights. There’s a bridge a mile down the river from here.

34.„away from离„„远，away前既可以是表示距离长度的词组，也可以是表示时间的词组（此时要在句末添加表示“交通方式”的短语作状语）。 The station is three miles away from our school.

The park is about twenty minutes away from my home by bike. 离„„远，还可用far away from„表示，away有时可省略。 The hospital is far (away) from here. 35.by taxi乘出租车 by plane乘飞机 by bike骑自行车 by boat乘船 by的其他含义：

1) 用于被动语态，意为“被” The cake was eaten by Tom. 2) 表示路径，意为“经由，通过” He left the hotel by the nearest exit. 3) 表示方式，意为“用，凭借” I learn English by remembering words. 4) 表示地点，意为“在„„旁边” I waited by the door.

5) 表示时间，意为“在„„之前” Come back by 5 o’clock. 36.（be） full of充满„„ The schoolbag is full of books. The room is full of people. be filled with装满„„，充满„„是fill with的被动结构，相当于be full of。fill„ with„用„„把„„装满

The schoolbag is filled with books.=The school is full of books. 37.be good for„„对有好处 Reading more books is good for your health. 1) be good at擅长 She is good at playing basketball. 2) be good to对„„友好 My friend is good to me.

38.build up 建立；加大，加强，增多 She has built up a very successful business.

All the pressure built up and he was off work for weeks with stress. 39.last vi.持续，延续，不能用于进行时态。 Our vacation lasts for 28 days. 拓展last的其他常见用法： 1） last adj.最后的，（时间）上一个的 I came here last week.

2） last 可用作副词，意为“最后；上一次；最近一次” Who spoke last at the meeting? When did you see him last? 3) last还可以用作名词，常与the连用，意为“最后一个”。 40.allow 此处用作及物动词，意为“允许”，主要用法如下： 1）allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事

My mother allows me to play basketball on Sunday. 2)allow doing sth.允许做某事 He doesn’t allow smoking here.

3)be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事

Teenagers should be allowed to make their own decisions. 41.land vi.降落；着陆 I fell and landed heavily at the bottom of the stairs. A bird landed on his head.

land n.陆地；大地 by land经陆地 The elephant is the largest land animal.

42. 过去分词短语作后置定语时通常含有被动的意味。 I like the photos taken in Suzhou. Do you like the table made of wood? 43. 43.a number of许多„„

A number of children feel tired after school. 辨析：a number of与the number of 1)a number of许多„„，相当于many，修饰复数可数名词。作主语时，谓语动词用复数。number前可用large, small等修饰，以表示程度。 A number of students are planting trees on the hill. 2)the number of„„的数量，与复数名词连用作主语时，中心词是number，谓语动词要用单数。