黄滔诗歌的研究

硕士学位论文

黄滔诗歌研究

姓名杨柏林

申请学位级别硕士

专业中国古代文学

指导教师杨

2011-04

摘 要

黄滔是唐末五代福建地区最有影响的作家之一他在诗歌律赋碑铭等方面都取

得了较高的成就被后人尊称为闽中文章初祖然而其文学创

作和文学地位很少得

到应有的重视本文从其生平入手在考述了其诗歌版本的基础上考察分析了其诗歌

的思想内容并肯定了其在文学史上地位与影响

首先本文根据现有史料考订了黄滔的生卒年家世及姻亲并在前人研究的基础

上为其生平大事即东峰读书初场落第南游广州落第入蜀进士及第及终老闽中六

个事件作了系年以此来看出黄滔文学创作的思想变化及时代背景

其次本文对黄滔诗文集的版本做了较为详细的考述认为今存《黄滔集》以清末

王祖源王懿荣父子所刊刻的《莆阳黄御史集》为最善黄滔的诗文集最早有十五卷本

《黄滔集》后又有裔孙黄公度在南宋绍兴丙子1156年所编《东家编略》及黄沃在

淳熙年间所编《黄滔集》现均已散佚黄沃在南宋庆元间另编有《莆阳黄御史集》二

卷也已散佚然而这个本子的影钞残本却流传下来了清末王懿荣所刻《莆阳黄御史

集》以此为底本并据此本目录补上所缺部分黄滔的诗文集在明代有过多次刊刻然而

明人刻书多有删改黄滔集也不例外次序的重排和内容的增删已使其失去本来面目

最后本文较为详细地分析了黄滔具有代表性的诗歌作品即他的有关科举的诗歌

及咏史怀古诗和咏怀诗同时也涉及了一些其他的诗歌黄滔的科举诗的数量在《全唐

诗》中排第五这些诗歌大约能够反映大多数士子心态文章还

对黄滔的诗歌理论和诗

歌的艺术特色进行了简略的概括并肯定了其在文学史上应有的地位和意义

关键词黄滔生平诗歌版本

I

ABSTRACT

Huang Tao was one of the most influential writers in Fujian area during the late Tang and Five

Dynasties who was respectfully regarded as the father of Fujian literature by later people in Fujian

Although he had made great achievements

in the fields of poetry prose inscriptions and so on rarely

attention was paid to him up to now This paper starting from his life and on the basis of versions research

of his poetry analyses the ideological content of his poetry and acknowledges his status and the influence

in the ancient Chinese history of literature

First of all the paper investigates the following years extraction and in-laws of Huang Tao based on

the existing historical data compilations and studies for his life events that the learning on Dongfeng the

first failure in the Imperial Examination Guangzhou tour Sichuan trip after his failure in the Imperial

Examination the success in the Imperial Examination and the sunset life in Fujian and researches Huang

Taos literary creation and background changes in thought according to the statements above

Secondly this paper collects all different versions of Huang Taos works and tries to make a more

detailed examination Huang Taos works was edited into a book and gradually lost after the Song Dynasty

And then it was edited into a ten volumes of the DONG JIA BIAN LVE by his VIII Sun Huang Gongdu

according to the residual draft Soon it was edited by his IX Sun Huang Wo and published in ChunXi and

QingYuan years for twice It was published again and again in ZhengDe TianQi WanLi and ChongZhen

peirods of the Ming Dynasty The version of PU YANG HUANG YU SHI JI that published by Wang Yirong

and his father Wang Zuyuan in the late Qing Dynasty in Beijing is considered as the best one according to

the QingYuan residues and ZhengDe version

Finally this paper analyses the representative poetry of Huang Tao namely the poetry of his poems

about the Imperial Examination and lyric poems also involved some other poems The number of the

imperial poem ranked fifth among QUAN TANG SHI and these poems may reflect most peoples mentality

who attended the Imperial Examination again and again The article also researches Huang Taos poetic

theory and poetry of the art characteristic briefly and affirms its proper position in the history of Chinese

III

literature

KEY WORDS Huang Tao Poem collection Version Research of origin

绪 论

绪 论

一研究缘起

笔者在研读《全唐诗》至晚唐五代部分时细读之下发现福建作家黄滔诗歌的清

① ②

淳丰润和气郁郁 的诗风与晚唐以抑郁感伤哀愁痛苦 为基调的诗风殊

不相类考其创作成果也比较丰富在律赋散文文学理论等方面都有较高的成就

尤其是诗歌竟有三卷之多二百余首这在社会板荡朝代更替频繁的晚唐五代时期是

很少见的考诸坊间各类文学史及文学批评史对其生平及其文学思想亦鲜有较系统的

梳理大多是在论及别家研究时所附带的零言片语且语焉不详黄滔一个在晚唐五

代享有盛名被称为闽中文章初祖的文学家却被我们轻易地忽视了这种状况是值

得我们重视和深究的

晚唐五代时期中原板荡国无宁日五代十国之一的闽国

却能远离战乱并在经

济文化艺术方面得到了一定程度的发展出现了一大批优秀的本土文学家如黄滔

徐寅陈峤翁承赞黄璞等同时也吸引了一大批中原名士避祸闽中如韩偓李绚

崔道融等③这些文人名士在宗主黄滔的带领下使本来文学创作并不十分活跃的闽地

文风大振出现了为数不少的优秀作品黄滔还编辑了自唐高祖武德至昭宗天佑近三百

年间的诗歌作品总集《泉山秀句集》三十卷④可惜已散佚晚唐五代时期闽地文学的

兴盛究其原因乃是得益于其建立者王潮王审知施行的一系列如争取闽地土著

的支持整肃吏治轻徭薄赋宗教上广推佛教教义成功地安抚了百姓巩固了统治

基础广纳贤才兴建学校发展儒学等这样一来安处东南一隅的福建就在社会动

荡的晚唐五代史上成了令人瞩目的文化绿洲⑤

然而五代文学历来被认为是处于前有唐音后有宋调的两个巅峰之间的一条峡

⑥

谷 晚唐五代的诗人夹杂在唐宋诗歌高峰之间本身就没有得到应有的重视和研究

在一般的文学史观念上晚唐五代诗歌特别是五代时期的诗歌只是唐代诗歌的附庸

① 洪迈《唐御史公集序》序见十六年一云精舍影印光绪