2005 ⒄⑤■⑲9 ⒆⑲ ⒐⒅⒏°↓↓⒊㈥
▫▫⑮▫⒐▢⒍↓⒀⑮←⑸⒅: TM910. 2 ▫▫⒎▫⒄▧⒏⑯⒊⑤⒂▣⑥:B ▫▫⒎▫⒄▧⑭⒂←⑸⒅:1009 - 2552 (2005) 09 - 0055 - 03
⒆‸▤■⒎▥⒆㈨⑫⑸⒈ ■°⑯②⑮▨■⒃■⒄⒂②⒉▢↓③⒆
1
⑭⑬▫‴▫⑭, ⑭⑬□←⒑2⑽, ⑮⑦〓￠⒁1↓
(1. →※▣‸▧㈥⒀⑧→″□㈣⒑¤■ ⑫㈨■⑥⑯②→⑫▤″⒑⒌⑬¤←, →※▣‸▧㈥150040 ; 2. →※▣‸▧㈥⒊⒐⒊⒐〓↓⒅￡■②⑾⑮, →※▣‸▧㈥150076)
⑭‰▫⑪▫‰: ▥⒉⑫⒃MAX669 ▧⑼↑↑⒐⑾⒆‶▫U°C3906 ⑿⑰⑮⒆⒐⑾⒆‶▫C°D4047 ⒇›▣▦⒐⑾⒆‶⒊■⒏⑮■⒍⒑→⑮▧⒁㈧■②⒄⑴■⒄DC -
DC ⒉›⒑→▫□°⒄°←⑴⒍DC - AC ⒄①▧⑼▫■′⒂②■▢⑯⒄↑‰⒐↑⒂¤⒊□⑩■〓⒁⒋90 %⑪⑬⒉⒏, ⒎‰⒆‸▤■⒎▥⒆㈨⑫⑸⒈⒈▢°■②⑯▨⑮⒃⒌⑹
→￡⒁⒋⑪↑⑮⑮〓⑹→→↓㈢■‵▫⑪°⑫⑯⒊⑲⒏■⑮▫⒐°⒄⑬⑿⑴⑿⒉■⑿⒊⒄⒏■■⑮⒂②▢▫′
→⑰↓‹□⒊: ⒆‸▤■⒎▥⒆㈨▢°■②; ■②⒂▢⒉③↓⒆; ⑯‰↑↑⒐¤⒂⒊
car The circuit design of generator using ta il gas waste heat of the
1 2 1 ZHAO Gang, ZHAO Chun2yan, ZHU J ian2liang
(1. Electrical & Electronic Engineering College , Harbin Univ. Sci. Tech. , Harbin 150040 , China ;
2. Harbin Agricultural Electricity Burea u of City Suburb , Harbin 150076 , China)
Abstract : Using inverting chip MAX669 , controlling chip UC3906 , driving chip CD4047 , this text realizes increasing voltage from DC to DC , collecting electricity and inverting from DC to AC of low voltage DC elec2 tricity. The efficiency of the circuit can reach up to 90 %. It gives an implementation circuit with simple struc2 ture ,easy realization and reliable performance for generator using tail gas waste heat of the car .
Key words : tail gas of the car generation ; circuit design ; inverting efficiency
0 ▫⑪▫›⑬ ⒑
⒀‸⑫⒃⒈↓⒁⒏⒄⑴⑬□,⒌⑹‴⑷⒐¤⒂⒊,⑫⒐⒀‸↑▢▧′■⒄⑪↑⑮⑮▢〓⒊〓▫′
⒋⑯①⒈⒅§⒇㈢⑾▪↓⒃■⒄‴⑷⒋⑱▢°⑭→, ⒆‸▤■⑬〓⒀□⑬〓⒆⑭↓▨▫′ 1 ▫⒆▫‸⒎▤■⒆▥▢㈨■°■②⒌⒄■⑰⑻
( ⑯㈧■§⒊ ▤‸⒈■⑫↓⒈⒍⒁⒈⑿〓㈦⒈›▢⑮▩⑪↑⒎‰⑫⒐¤⒄⑴⒁⑿⒎‰▣▦ ⒆‸▤■⒎▥⒆㈨⑫⑸⒈⒈▢°■②⑯▨⑮⒃⒋㈩▢°▤㈦■⒄■②⒄⑴⑪↑▨⑻▣↓⒎‰
) ,⒆⑼⒁＄⑫⑸⒈›▢⑮▣▩⑬※⒊㈢⒍⒇→￠⒀›⒈⑼⒋□↑▩⒅㈢⒆⒅▢㈨⒊〓⒅〓⒈⒅⑥ ■■⒍⒑②→▫⒐°▫⒁■②■㈧⒄⒐▫→＄⒂⒊■②⒄⑴,▥↑⒄⑴⑮▧〓⑫＄⑫⒃,⒐③⑪‰ □㈣⒆㈨,⒈②←⒎〓§⑭⑺⒐￡⒄⑴⒁⑿↓⑫⑪⑬⒀‸⑫⒃,⒊⒇⒈⒋⒃⒇⒆⑭▧④→⑰⑯°■⒄ ⑾▪→›DC - DC ⒉›⒑→▫□°°⒄⑴▫D°C - AC ⒄①▧⑼□＄⒀⑧←㈣▥⒅⒄⑴
▤′⒀‸⑫⒃▫⒆′→⑼▤›⒈⒌⒍②↓1 ⒋㈩⒊⑾▫′ ⒎⒊⒌⑺▫⒀′⑫‸⒆⒃▤‸⒎■⒆▥⑫㈨⒈⑸▢⒈■°⑯②⒎㈧▤‰⑬■■⑰⑬②⒊□▤⒇▢⑼⑮ ⑭›
⒍↓1 ▫■▫②⒉⒂▢↓③⒁⒆▤㈧⒍⒌↓
2 ▫D▫C - DC ⑮▧⒁㈧⒉›⒑→▥⑿▢⑮
＄‴⒊⑼▤㈦■②⒑→⑫⒉■②⑯③R2 ←⒍R3 ⒈▢▣￠,⒊⑯⒏⒈⑬⑲10 K←⒍
(1)
⑮▩↓⑼⒑▫▣￠R3 ,⑬㈢ DC - DC ⑮▧⒁㈧⒉›⒑→▥⑿▢⑮▥⒉⑫＄⒃⒌MAX ▢⑺⑯▨■⒄⒉›⒑→ 1 M＄‴[ 1 ]
R2 = R3 [ ( VOUTΠV R EF ) - 1 ] ⒐⒍MAX669 ⑿⑰⑮⒆⒐⑾⒆‶, ■②⒂▢↓▨⒆⑼⑬‰↓※▥⒎⒊›⒈②⒍↓2
⑮⒐: V R EF ⒎‰1. 25V ▫′ ⒋⒊㈩⑾▫M′AX669 ⒊⒇⑪⑬→⒌▣￠⒆■⒂⒊→″⑯㈧⑫⑲■②⒁㈧⒄′⒊〓■⒄ ⒊〓
PWM ⑿⑰⑮⒆㈧, ⒊⑼▤㈦→＄⒂⒊□⑩20W ⒇⑪⑿⒉■㈧, ⒐¤⒂⒊⑿⒉□⑩ ⒊⑭‴⑽⒈⑭⒆⑲: 2005 - 04 - 19
(1. 8▫290 % ,⑾⑷⑫⒐⑿⑧▢▣⒎¤■⒄⒊⑼⒈⑥■②⒑→§8V) ▫′ ( 1981 - ) , ⒄⒐⑯⑭㈧↓⑷〓㈢④: ⑭⑬‴⑭, →※▣‸▧㈥⒀⑧→″□㈣⒑¤■②⒆㈨⑫⑥■②⑯⑫→″▤⒌⒑¤ [ 2 ]
⒍⑺⒎¤■②⒂▢▥⒎⒊›⒉③↓⒆⒈②⒏⒂: ⑬←,⒋▣⒊⑿⒑⒐⑾⑿⒉‷▫′ °⒊⑱⑼■▤㈦⒑②■→⒉⒄⑮③⒃
▫‰55 ▫‰
⒍↓2 ▫⒉▫›⒐⒑→⒍DC - DC ▧⑼↑↑⒆㈧
▫▫▫°⒈⑲▣▢■￠‴②⑮⒐■ ↑▦⑮⒎‰
↑⑮▢⑬⒐↓㈦⑫1 ‴㈦⑯㈣▨⑥⒆〓⒃①⒁⑻■⑻, ⑫▨⒏⑦⒎⒈▣￠⒐⑬, ⑪㈢□⒋⑬⑲
‴㈩⑾⑵⒐⑾⒆‶⒄⑲▥⑿⒉③⑮⒃■⒄▣▦⒌‶▥→▤‵■⒃■〓■②‴⒐⒁⑿■⒄⑫⒅ FB ←⒍GND ⑮▩↓⑼⒐③⑪‰⒁‶〓⑫⑪↑‴㈦▥→▤‵■②⒈⑵CFB , CFB ⑫⑥
▢⒀□■▫⒐⒈■¤⑯②⑯③㈧⑫⒃⒐⒎▤⒉⑪↑‴㈦↓§■⑻, □⑫▣㈨■⑮⒏‸Req ⑪›
(2)
(4 ▫⒁L ID = VOUTΠIOUT ▫f⒁OSC )
⒆㈠■⒄⒁⑻■⑻▫⑪′㈢▥□⒋▤→■‵⒈②⑮⑵⒎■‰
°▣⑳↓※→§■⑴⒑⒄⑬▫㈡ ‴⒆⑷⒂■⒌⒊⒐⑰⑪⑬⒇‰㈣⒑▫⑬㈡⑿⑦⒋⑱▣※↓§→⑴, 〓￠⑪④⒑▫⑫⒃⒐″
CFB = COUT ▫⒁ Req
( R2 ▫⒁( R2 + R3 ) R3 ) Π
(6)
⑮⒐: R2 ←⒍R3 ⒎‰▢□⒀▫■②⑯③▫′ ⒌↑⑰▣㈩↓※→§⑴,⑪㈢⒎‰⒆⑼⑾⑷⑫⒐⑿⑦↑⑮‴□⒊▧↓⑼←⒍■⒍■⒄⑭›⒏㈢⒑→ ⒊〓〓■▫▣′※→↓§■⑴⒆⒄⑾〓■㈩⒁②▣㈧▣⑨⑮￠⒐■⒂③⑯‷⒏⑻⒊⒂↓〓⒋⒆⑮⑻■
3 ▫□▫°▥⒄⑴▢⑿⑮
ID = IOUT + IL PΠIOUT (3)
▣※↓§→⑴■⒄▢□⒏㈢↑㈧□￡■②⒑→▧⑰⒐⑥‴⑷⑫⑲VOUT ▫′ °⒊⑴▤⑼⒂㈦▥⒋■￠⒈②⑵
⑯⑨⒐▫■⒄⒊⑼▤㈦⒂⒋▥￠■②⒈⑵⒎‰
(2＄R⒐COUT(min) = (7. 5 ▫L⒁ΠL ID )ΠV⒁f⒁CS ▫IN (min) ▫OSC ) ⒊〓⑮⒐: V IN (min) ⒎‰⑯⑨⒐▫⒆⑲⒍‸■⒄⒊⑼⒈⑥■②⒑→▫′
°⒊⑵▤⑼⒎㈦▥⒆￠
⒊▤⑼⒎㈦▥⒆￠⑮㈧⑪‰⑫⒉■②⒈⑵■⒈⒐¤□▩⒁‰■②⑯③Req ⑾㈦▣￠, ⑪↑▨⒈▫2 ▫§3 ▧▣■⒄COUT (min) ▫□′⒋⒊⒊▧▤⑼⒎㈦▥⒆■￠⒑②⒎→‰
V RI = IL P ▫⒁Req
□⒄°▥⑴⑿▢⑮▥⒉⑫⒃⒁⒋UC3906⒃⑴▢⑺⒇＄⒋⑹⒐⑨■②▤⑰▤⑼
■②⑯￠⑫⒃⒐⑾⒆‶▫⒋′⑾‹⑫⑷⒃⒐▢⑴⒇⑺⒋＄⒐⑹■⑨▤②⑯⑰↓⑨▤⒑■⑼⒋②⒐㈩③ ■⒄⒈§▥⑿⑮⑰←⒆↓⒍▥⑦→⑺⒄＄⑴▫▣′⒇㈨⒋⑪⒄‹⒊⑴▤→■⑼⒆②‴㈧⑮㈧⑯⑮‰ ↑↑■②⒑→⒋①■②▤⑰■②⒑→■⒄⒎⒂▣⒈⒏■⒊›■⒄▧⑼↑▦▣㈨▧⑼↑▦,□⑫▣㈨ ⒊→⒃⑴▢⑺⒇＄⒋⑹⒐⑨■②▤⑰⑬⑲←⑴⑿⑧■⒄⒎⒂▣⒈▢▣⒎¤⒄⑲▣↓⒄⑴□⑩■〓⑯⑨ ↓⒑▤⑼■②⑯□⒌‶▫■′⒂②⒈▢⒍②↓3 ⒋㈩⒊⑾▫′
‴⒃▤⑼■②■②⒂▢■⒄⑮㈧⑪‰▥⒎⒊›⒈②⒍↓4 ⒋㈩⒊⑾▫′ °⒊⑱⑼■⒈⑥⑬②■□②⒑→V IN = 9▫§13V ; °→⑲″⑯㈧⒎⒂▣⒈▢▣ ⒎¤0▫7§0 ▫;①°⒆⑳㈠⑼▣▦⒁‴▤㈧■⑼■②⒁②㈧IT = 10mA ( V IN =
10V) ; °⒆⑴㈠▤▣▦■⑼■②⒑②→V T = 5. 1V ; °⑯⑵⑨□㈣▤⑼■②■②⒁㈧
IMAX = 500mA ; °→⑶›■▤⑼②⑯‰↑↑■②⒑→V12 = 7. 125V ; °→⑷›
[ 3 ]
(4)
(5)
°▥⑶▤→■‵⒈②⑵
⑫⒉⑫⑲⒊⑼▤㈦▥￠■②⒈⑵■⒄■⒈⒐¤□▩⒁‰■②⑯③Req 〓§⑬⑲⑿⑰⑮⒆
▫‰56 ▫‰
▤■⑼■②⒑②→VOC = 7. 5V ; °→⑸▤›■⑼⑮②⑮⑭■→⒁②㈧IOCT = 50mA ; °‴⑹▤▫■⑼⒑②→V F = 7V ; °‴⑺▤▫⑯⑼↑‰■↑⒑②→V31 = 6. 3V ▫′
⒍↓3 ▫⒋▫§⒆■②‴〓▤▫▤⑼■⑼■②⒂②▢
←⒁⒍⑮〓↑MOSFET →⑴IRF540 ▫⒐′⑾⒆‶CD4047 ⒀□⒇›▣▦ ⑫⒃MOSFET ■⒄,⒍￠→›⑿⑰⑮⒆⒁〓⑮↑IRF540 →⑴T1 ,T2 ■⒄⑿‰⒆㈤▫° →⑰▣⒏,⑬⑲▧⑼⒑→⒆㈧■⒄■⒍⒑→⒈⒆⑯④↑⑹▥‷⒉‷⑪↑‴㈦■⒍■②⒑→▫□°㈣② ■⒁㈧▫⒆°■⒂⒊⒎‰50Hz ■⒄〓↑▧⑼⒐⒅←⒅,□⑫▣㈨↑⑹⑬⑲▧⑼⒑→⒆㈧■⒄‴⑷ ⒑→▥⑸‴⒐⑫＄▤㈦‴⑷⒑→〓↑⒁㈧■②⒑→,⒍⑤▤⒉DC - AC ⑯‰↑↑▫′
⒍↓4 ▫6▫V ,2 . 5Ah ⒇＄⒋⑹⒐⑨■②▤⑰▤⑼■②⒇‷⒏⑷
4 ▫D▫C - AC ⒄①▧⑼▥⑿▢⑮
4. 1 ▫⒄▫①⒆▧⑼■㈧⒊⒄⒑›⒄¤⒐′⒍
( ⑫⒈⑬⑲■⒍⒎⒂⑫⑸⒈⒈▢°■②⒏■⒍▤⑮⒐▣⑬⒄①▧⑼⒆㈧■⒄⒐¤⒂⒊⒆⑼
[ 4 ]
) ⑫⒐⒊⒇⑬⑹⒊⑰■▧⒐⒄⒂¤⒊⒌⑰⒊⑺■⒄⑪‰⒇㈣,⑪‰⒇㈣⒄①▧⑼⒆㈧⑫⒐←⑴
⒍↓5 ▫6▫V DC - 220V AC ⒄①▧⑼■②⒂▢
‴⑷■ ↑⑼⒐↑⒂¤⒊▫⒄′▧①⒆⑼■㈧⒊⒄⒈⑼■⑥⒁②⑪㈧⒂‰⑯‷〓⑻⒁↑‴㈧⑬←⑰ ■⒄⒐⒇㈣,⑫⒃→§⒊〓▧⑧⒊⑾⒈②⒏⒂: ( Udc ▫＄⒇Imv = IAC UacΠ″mv )
⒊〓⑮⒐: Imv ⒎‰⒄①▧⑼⒆㈧■⒄⒊⑼⒈⑥■②⒁㈧
⑰■⒄⒁②㈧ IAC ⒎‰〓↑⒁㈧‴ ■
Uac ⒎‰〓↑⒁㈧▣⒋■②⒑→
Udc ⒎‰⑮▧⒁㈧▣⒋■②⒑→
5 ▫〓▫⑹⑫⒊㈨⑩
▧⑾⒎⒄⒋㈩⒉③↓⒆■⒄■②⒂▢〓⑹→→↓㈢■‵,⒌⑽↑›⒐▫,▤⒉▧⑾■⒍,
▣⒇㈨⑯⑪↑‰↑⒐¤⒂⒊□⑩■〓⒁⒋90 %⑪⑬⒉⒏▫▧′⑾■②⒂▢▥↑〓㈦⒊⒊⑫⒃
[ 5 ]
⑫⒆⑲▤‸⒎■⒆▥㈨⑫⑸⒈⒈▢°■②,⑪▥⑿⒉⒊⒊⑫⒃⑫⑲⒆⑼⒋‹⒐▫⒐⒍▢°■② ⑯⑮▨⒃,⒈②⒌§⒑㈤⒄⑴▢°■②▫▢°②⒁＄▢°■②▫▤°▧⒏§▢°■▫▥°￠⒀⒋▢° ②■②▫■°⒍⑫⒎⒂⒈⑸▢⒈■°■②⒈▫′ ▥⒎⑿↓⒎⒄⒏⑯:
[ 1 ] ▫M▫AXIM. Integratedproducts[ S ] . 1999 . [ 2 ] ▫⒁▫㈥⒋⒁⑤▤,⒂▤▢↓,⒁←⑫㈡⑾‹1 ↑㈩⑫⑲MAX668ΠMAX669 ■⒄⒉›⒑→⒐⒍DCΠDC
▧⑼↑↑⒆㈧■⒄⒉③↓⒆[J ] . PSTA ■②⑬□⑬⑫⑮⑾■②⑯⑫▨①,2002 , (6) . [ 3 ] ▫⒁▫㈥⑱⒈. ⑯⑬⒈↑⒄⑴→￡■②↓↓⒊㈥[ M] . ▧▧⑾￡:⑿⒆⒑¤▤㈦▨①⒉②,2000 ,9 . [ 4 ] ▫S▫eeling - hochmuth G C. A Combined Optimization Concept For The
Design And Operation Strategy Of Hybrid - PV Energy Systems [ J ] . Solar Energy 1997 ,61 (2) :77 - 87 .
[ 5 ] ▫⒁▫③▢←⑰⒉,⒊①⒋▩⒃㈧1 ⑪←■‰⒇›▣▦⒏■⒍▤■⒄⒐⒂⒑▪↑▢↓▨⒈⒈⒁＄⒌⑰⒐⑬⒑⒐⑾⑿[J ] .
(7)
＄⒇⒄①▧⑼⒆㈧⑯‰↑↑⒐¤⒂⒊ mv ⒎‰
⒍‶⒊▧:
＄⒇Pin ▫″mv = Pout
⒊〓⑮⒐: Pin ⒎‰⒄①▧⑼⒆㈧■⒄⒊⑼⒈⑥→＄⒂⒊
Pout ⒎‰⒄①▧⑼⒆㈧■⒄⒊⑼▤㈦→＄⒂⒊ 4. 2 ▫⒊▫■⒄⑫⒃▧②■⑼⒂②▢
(8)
⒉③↓⒆⑮⒆⑬⑦,2002 , (5) .
⑬㈠⒈⒎▧⑸↓▪:⑭ ⒏⑱⑻
⒄①▧⑼■②⒂▢⒈②⒍↓5 ⒋㈩⒊⑾▫■′②⒂▢⑮⒐▥⒉⑫⒃⒁⒋CD4047
▫‰57 ▫‰
