翻译二级笔译实务-17_真题-无答案

翻译二级笔译实务-17 (总分150,考试时间90分钟)

Section 1: English-Chinese Translation

This section consists of two parts: Part A \"Compulsory Translation\" and Part B \"Optional Translations\" **prises \"Topic 1\" and \"Topic 2 \". Translate the passage in Part A and your choice from passages in Part B into Chinese.

Part A Compulsory Translation

1. Until recently, scientists knew little about life in the deep sea, nor had they reason to believe that it was being threatened. Now, with the benefit of technology that allows for deeper exploration, researchers have uncovered a remarkable array of species inhabiting the ocean floor at depths of more than 660 feet, or about 200 meters. At the same time, however; technology has also enabled fishermen to reach far deeper than ever before, into areas where bottom trawls can destroy in minutes what has taken nature hundreds and in some cases thousands of years to build. Many of the world's coral species, for example, are found at depths of more than 200 meters. It is also estimated that roughly half of the world's highest seamounts — areas that rise from the ocean floor and are particularly rich in marine life — are also found in the deep ocean.

These deep sea ecosystems provide shelter, spawning and breeding areas for fish and other creatures, as well as protection from strong currents and predators. Moreover, they are believed to harbor some of the most extensive reservoirs of life on earth, with estimates ranging from 500,000 to 100 million species inhabiting these largely unexplored and highly fragile ecosystems.

Yet just as we are beginning to recognize the tremendous diversity of life in these areas, along with the potential benefits newly found species may hold for human society in the form of potential food products and new medicines, they are at risk of being lost forever. With enhanced ability both to identify where these species-rich areas are located and to trawl in deeper water than before, commercial fishing vessels are now beginning to reach down with nets the size of football fields, catching everything in their path while simultaneously crushing fragile corals and breaking up the delicate structure of reefs and seamounts that provide critical habitat to the countless species of fish and other marine life that inhabit the deep ocean floor.

Because deep sea bottom trawling is a recent phenomenon, the damage that has been done is still limited. If steps are taken quickly to prevent this kind of destructive activity from occurring on the high seas, the benefits both to the marine environment and to future generations are

incalculable. And they far outweigh the short-term costs to the fishing industry.

Part B Optional Translations

Topic 1

1. Most of the world's victims of AIDS live — and, at an alarming rate, die — in Africa. The number of people living with AIDS in Africa was estimated at 26.6 million in late 2003. New figures to be published by the United Nations Joint Program on AIDS (UNAIDS), the special UN agency set up to deal with the pandemic, will probably confirm its continued spread in Africa, but they will also show whether the rate of spread is constant, increasing or falling.

AIDS is most prevalent in Eastern and Southern Africa, with South Africa, Zimbabwe and Kenya having the greatest numbers of sufferers; other countries severely affected include Botswana and Zambia. AIDS was raging in Eastern Africa — where it was called \"slim\appearance of victims wasting away — within a few years after its emergence was established in the world in 1981. One theory of the origin of the virus and syndrome suggests that they started in the eastern Congo basin; however, the conflicting theories about the origin of AIDS are highly controversial and politicized, and the controversy is far from being settled.

Measures being taken all over Africa include, first of all, campaigns of public awareness and device, including advice to remain faithful to one sexual partner and to use condoms. The latter advice is widely ignored or resisted owing to natural and cultural aversion to condoms and to Christian and Muslim teaching, which places emphasis instead on self-restraint.

An important part of anti-AIDS campaigns, whether organized by governments, nongovernmental organizations or both, is the extension of voluntary counseling and testing (VCT). In addition, medical research has found a way to help sufferers, though not to cure them. Funds for anti-AIDS efforts are provided by the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, a partnership between governments, civil society, the private sector and **munities around the world; the fund was launched following a call by the UN Secretary-General in 2001. However, much more is needed if the spread of the pandemic is to be at least halted.

Topic 2

1. As a leader of a least developed country, I speak from experience when I say that poverty is

**plex a phenomenon, and the strategies for fighting it too diverse and dependent on local circumstances, for there is no single silver bullet in the war on poverty.

We have learned the hard way over the years. We have experimented with all kinds of ideas. Yet a report recently released by the World Economic Forum shows that barely a third of what should have been done by now to ensure the world meets its goals to fight poverty, hunger and disease by 2015 is done. I am now convinced that the Millennium Development Goals set by the United Nations in 2000 can only be attained through a **pact, anchored in national policies that take into account local circumstances.

Aid and trade are both necessary, but they are not enough on their own. Neither is good governance enough in itself. Above all, nothing can move without the direct participation of **munities. I fear that we lecture too much. This is not the best way.

I will give an example of how such a compact worked in Tanzania to achieve universal basic schooling.

In the mid-1990s, almost all indicators for basic education were in free fall. The gross enrollment rate had fallen from 98 percent in the early 1980s to 77.6 percent in 2000. The net enrollment rate had likewise fallen, from over 80 percent to only 58.8 percent.

Then several things happened. We decided at the top political level that basic education would be a top priority, and adopted a five-year Primary Education Development Plan to achieve universal basic education by 2006 — nine years ahead of the global target.

Good governance produced more government revenues, which quadrupled over the last eight years. In 2001, we received debt relief under the World Bank's enhanced HIPC (heavily indebted poor countries) Initiative. Subsequently, more donors put aid money directly into our budget or into a pooled fund for the Primary Education Development Program (PEDP).

The government's political will was evidenced by the fact that over the last five years the share of the national budget going to poverty reduction interventions rose by 130 percent. We abolished school fees in primary schools.

Then we ensured that all PEDP projects are locally determined, planned, owned, implemented and evaluated. This gave the people pride and dignity in what they were doing. After only two years of implementing PEDP, tremendous successes have been achieved.

Section 2: Chinese-English Translation

This section consists of two parts: Part A \"Compulsory Translation\" and Part B \"Optional Translations\" **prises \"Topic 1\" and \"Topic 2 \". Translate the passage in Part A and your choice from passages in Part B into English.

Part A Compulsory Translation

1. 进入新世纪，国际形势继续发生深刻复杂的变化。世界多极化和经济全球化在曲折中发

展。科技进步日新月异，我们既面临着必须抓住的发展机遇，也面临着必须认真应对的严峻挑战，尽管当今世界还存在着这样那样的矛盾和利益冲突，不确定、不稳定因素有所增加，但和平与发展仍是当今时代的主题，世界要和平、国家要发展、人民要合作是不可阻挡的历史潮流。

当前亚洲形势总体稳定，和平、发展、合作已成为前进中亚洲的主流。经过共同努力，亚洲有关国家摆脱了金融危机的阴影，战胜了非典和禽流感疫情的冲击，经济结构调整取得成效，产业升级换代步伐加快，区域合作方兴未艾，抗御风险能力不断增强。亚洲仍然是全球最具发展活力的地区之一，也继续是全球贸易的重要增长点之一。我们对亚洲的发展前景充满信心。

Part B Optional Translations

Topic 1

1. 中国目前已经建成1.9万公里公路。自1990年以来，中国每年都要新增3700公里公路。到2020年公路网将连接中国所有主要城市。中国公路总里程将仅次于美国，达到55000公里。

高速公路网将带来深远的影响。城市带将形成；人们的生活方式将会发生变化；枢纽城市的经济增长率将迅速上升，因为便利的交通条件将吸引更多的投资者。

许多国际开发商支持这种看法。世界银行和亚洲开发银行正用巨额贷款支持中国开展公路建设。它们认为公路建设对于缓解贫困至关重要。自上世纪末，亚洲开发银行已减少它在中国经济发达的东部地区的公路投资，而将重点转向较为贫困的西部地区。

在公路建设中，中国也很重视支线公路建设，因为支线公路可以使小城镇充分利用附近干线公路建设带来的发展机遇。

Tropic 2

1. 长期以来西方人一直怀疑由草药制成的中成药是否有效。在过去的几年内，中国传统医药在世界范围内经历了严格的科学审查。

为证明和提高传统治疗方法的效益，中国投入了巨资在这方面进行艰苦研究。一直在努力使自己成为世界上传统中医研究的带头人。也提出它将把自己建成一个中医技术中心。

传统中医药的研究工作在亚洲以外地区的大学和其它机构也蓬勃开展。这些揭开传统医

学秘密的研究工作可能会为中西医都大感头疼的疾病患者带来福音。

尽管在理论上中西医之间还存在着分歧，一些对中医药感兴趣的著名国际制药公司已开始在中国实施小规模的研究项目。一批新药已在亚洲各地接受试验。