【专题训练】高考英语二轮复习专题训练：阅读理解及解析(文化教育类)04 Word版含解斩

阅读理解（文化教育类）04

十 、

In the mid-1950s, I was a somewhat bored early-adolescent male student who believed that doing any more than necessary was wasted effort. One day, this approach threw me into embarrassment

In Mrs. Totten’s eighth-grade math class at Central Avenue School in Anderson, Indiana, we were learning to add and subtract decimals (小数).

Our teacher typically assigned daily homework, which would be recited in class the following day. On most days, our grades were based on our oral answer to homework questions.

Mrs. Totten usually walked up and down the rows of desks requesting answers from student after student in the order the questions had appeared on our homework sheets. She would start either at the front or the back of the classroom and walk toward the other end.

Since I was seated near the middle of about 35 students, it was easy to figure out which questions I might have to answer. This particular time, I had completed my usual two or three problems according to my calculations.

What I failed to expect was that several students were absent, which threw off my estimate. As Mrs. Totten made her way from the beginning of the class，I desperately tried to determine which math problem I would get. I tried to work it out before she got to me, but I had brain freeze and couldn’t function.

When Mrs. Totten reached my desk，she asked what answer I’d got for problem No. 14. “I…I didn’t get anything,” I answered，and my face felt warm. “Correct,” she said.

It turned out that the correct answer was zero.

What did I learn that day? First, always do all your homework. Second, in real life it isn’t always what you say but how you say it that matters. Third，I would never make it as a mathematician.

If I could choose one school day that taught me the most, it would be that one. 61. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 indicate?

- 1 -

- 2 -

A. It is wise to value one’s time. B. It is important to make an effort C. It is right to stick to one’s belief. D. It is enough to do the necessary.

62. Usually, Mrs. Totten asked her students to _______. A. recite their homework together B. grade their homework themselves C. answer their homework questions orally D. check the answers to their homework questions

63. The author could work out which questions to answer since the teacher always _______.

A. asked questions in a regular way

B. walked up and down when asking questions C. chose two or three questions for the students D. requested her students to finish their usual questions

. The author failed to get the questions he had expected because _______. A. the class didn’t begin as usual B. several students didn’t come to school C. he didn’t try hard to make his estimate

D. Mrs. Totten didn’t start from the back of the class

65. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A. An Unforgettable Teacher B. A Future Mathematician C. An Effective Approach D. A Valuable Lesson 【考点】考察文化教育类阅读

【文章大意】本文在本文中叙述了自己在小时候总是认为不必要的事情不需要做，所以我会根据老师提问的规律来算着老师会提问自己的问题。但是一次数学课上老师提问的让我知道了很多事情都是我们必须做的，因为我们无法预料到会发生

- 2 -

- 3 -

什么样的事情。 61. 【答案】D

【试题解析】推理题。根据本句In the mid-1950s, I was a somewhat bored early-adolescent male student who believed that doing any more than necessary was wasted effort.可知我是一个不太爱学习的男学生，认为超过必要的事情都是浪费我的时间和精力。所以我不愿意去做一些我自己认为不必要的事情。故D正确。 62. 【答案】C

【试题解析】推理题。根据文章第三段2,3行Mrs. Totten usually walked up and down the rows of desks requesting answers from student after student in the order the questions had appeared on our homework sheets.可知Mrs. Totten通常都是在班级里的过道里走来走去，让学生来回答家庭作业，得出答案。 63. 【答案】A

【试题解析】推理题。根据文章3,4段She would start either at the front or the back of the classroom and walk toward the other end.和Since I was seated near the middle of about 35 students, it was easy to figure out which questions I might have to answer.可知老师经常从前面走到后面，或者从后面走到前面。我摸到了老师提问的规律，所以我可以根据自己的位置判断出自己应该回答的题目。故A正确。 . 【答案】B

【试题解析】细节题。根据文章第6段第一行What I failed to expect was that several students were absent, which threw off my estimate.可知这次我没有预料到有几个同学缺席，没有来上课我搞不清楚自己应该回答哪一个问题了。故B正确。 65. 【答案】D

【试题解析】主旨大意题。本文在本文中叙述了自己在小时候总是认为不必要的事情不需要做，所以我会根据老师提问的规律来算着老师会提问自己的问题。但是一次数学课上老师提问的让我知道了很多事情都是我们必须做的，因为我们无法预料到会发生什么样的事情。这节课给了我一个很有价值的教训，故D项符合文章大意。 【长难句解析】

1.In the mid-1950s, I was a somewhat bored early-adolescent male student who believed that doing any more than necessary was wasted effort.

- 3 -

- 4 -

【翻译】在20世纪50年代中叶，我是一个有些厌世的无聊的年轻学生，认为做那些不必要的事情是浪费时间。

【分析】本句中含有一个定语从句who believed that doing any more than necessary was wasted effort解释先行词student的内容。同时划线句子的主语是动名词短语doing any more than necessary，单个的动名词做主语，谓语动词要使用单数形式。 2. Second, in real life it isn’t always what you say but how you say it that matters. 【翻译】第二，在真正的生活中，重要的不总是你说的内容，而是你说话的方式。 【分析】本句是一个强调句型，强调的是主语not what you say but how you say it；这个主语是由not…but…这个并列结构引起的。强调句的结构It is/was+被强调部分+that+句子的其他成分，如果被强调的部分是人，可以用who代替that。具体是用is还是 was，要根据具体的时态确定。强调句的用法及判断，一般说来，如果把句子中的It is/was…that去掉，稍加调整语序，能还原成完整的句子，并且句子意思依然完整，则为强调句型，否则为其他从句， 我们应熟记这些基本规则。 十一、

Everyone looks forward to progress, whether in one’s personal life or in the general society. Progress indicates a person’s ability to change the way he is living at the moment. Progress must lead a better way of doing things.All these, however, remains true only in so far as people want to accept technology and move forward by finding new and more efficient ways of doing things.

However,at the back of the minds of many people,especially those who the “good old days”, efficiency comes with a price. When communication becomes efficient,people are able to contact one another no matter where they are and at whatever time they wish to.The click of a button allows people miles apart to talk or to see each other without even leaving their homes. With the communication gadgets, such as mobile phones and ipads, people often do not take the effort to visit one another personally.A personal visit carries with the additional feature of having to be in the person’s presence for as long as the visit lasts. We cannot unnecessarily excuse ourselves or turn the other person off.

- 4 -

- 5 -

With efficiency also comes mass production.Such is the nature of factories and the success of industrialization today.Factories have improved efficiency. Unskillful tasks are left to machines and products are better made and and produced with greater accuracy than any human hand could ever have done. However, with the improvements in efficiency also comes the loss of the personal

Touch when making these products. For example, many handcrafts(手工艺品) are now produced in a factory.

Although this means that supply is better able to increase demand, now that the supply is quick and efficient, the demand might fall because mass production lowers the quality of the handicraft and it is difficult to find unique designs on each item. Nevertheless, we must not commit the mistake of analyzing progress only from one point of view. In fact, progress has allowed tradition to keep up. It is only with progress and the invention of new technology that many old products can be brought back to their old state. New technology is required for old products to stay old.

It is people’s attitude towards progress that causes the type of influence that technology has on society. Technology is flexible. There is no fixed way of making use of it. Everything depends on people’s attitude. The worst effects of progress will fall on those who are unable to rethink their attitudes and views of society. When we accept progress and adapt it to suit our needs, a new “past” is created.

70. According to Paragraph 1, progress can benefit people when they are willing to _______.

A. live a better life B. look for better methods

C. change ways of living D. accept technology and advance steadily 71. The underlined word “gadgets” is closest in meaning to _______. A. tools B. messages C. barriers D. skills 72. The author explains “efficiency comes with a price” by _______. A. describing a process B. using examples C. following time order D. making classification

73. Compared with home-made handicrafts, machine- made products _______. A. lack great accuracy B. lack the personal touch

- 5 -

- 6 -

C. are of high value D. are quite welcome 74. What can be learned about technology from Paragraph 4?

A. It can destroy old traditions. B. It can lead to social progress. C. It can be used to correct mistakes. D. It can be used to preserve old products.

75. What can be concluded from the last paragraph? A. Progress can suit the needs of daily life. B. People review the past with great regret. C. Technology should be introduced in a fixed way. D. People’s attitude decides the use of technology. 【考点】考察文化教育类阅读

【文章大意】新技术的出现给我们的生活和社会带来很大的影响，有积极的方面也有消极的方面。但是真正决定技术是否能够影响人类的生活，取决于人们对待技术的态度。 69.【答案】D

【试题解析】推理题。根据第一段3,4句All these, however, remains true only in so far as people want to accept technology and move forward by finding new and more efficient ways of doing things.可知只要人们想要接受新的技术并且继续努力向前找到做事的更好的更高效的方法，那么技术的进步是可以给我们带来很多的好处的。故D项正确。 70.【答案】A

【试题解析】猜测词义题。根据本句With the communication gadgets, such as mobile phones and ipads关键是横线后面的mobile phones and ipads，这些都是人们经常使用的交流工具，所以该词表示的是A项含义。故A正确。 71.【答案】B

【试题解析】推理题。根据横线下面3行When communication becomes efficient,people are able to contact one another no matter where they are and at whatever time they wish to.The click of a button allows people miles apart to talk or to see each other without even leaving their homes.当沟通变得高效的时候，不管人们

- 6 -

- 7 -

在那里，我们都可以进行有效地沟通。轻轻点按钮就能喝别人进行沟通。说明作者是通过具体的例子来说明“efficiency comes with a price”。故B正确。 72.【答案】B

【试题解析】细节题。根据文章第三段3,4行However, with the improvements in efficiency also comes the loss of the personal touch when making these products.可知技术进步以后，生产出来的产品缺乏the personal touch。故B正确。 73.【答案】D

【试题解析】推理题。根据倒数第二段最后2行It is only with progress and the invention of new technology that many old products can be brought back to their old state. New technology is required for old products to stay old.可知使用最新的技术可以把很多旧的东西弄旧到原来的状态，也可以使用新技术来保存就产品。故D正确。

74.【答案】D

【试题解析】推理题。根据本段第一句It is people’s attitude towards progress that causes the type of influence that technology has on society.和第三句Everything depends on people’s attitude可知人们对于进步的态度导致了技术是否能够对社会产生很多的影响，一切都取决于人们的态度。故D正确。 【长难句解析】

1.Everyone looks forward to progress, whether in one’s personal life or in the general society.

【翻译】无论是在个人生活孩子在社会中，每个人都期待着进步。

【分析】本句含有一个特殊的让步状语从句whether in one’s personal life or in the general society.，其中的连词whether…or…“不管…还是…”其中的whether并不是平时表示“如果，是否”的含义。

2. It is people’s attitude towards progress that causes the type of influence that technology has on society.

【翻译】是人们对待的态度导致技术对社会的影响的类型。

【分析】本句中有一个强调句型，强调的是句子的主语people’s attitude towards progress；另外本句中还有一个定语从句that technology has on society.修饰先行词

- 7 -

- 8 -

influence。

- 8 -