虽然python也能做数据分析，不过参加数学建模，咱还是用专业的
1. Matlab-入门篇：Hello world!
程序员入门第一式：
disp(‘hello world!’)
2. 基本运算
先了解基本的运算符，做一些简单的尝试：
+ Plus; addition operator.
- Minus; subtraction operator.
* Scalar and matrix multiplication operator.
^ Scalar and matrix exponentiation operator.
/ Right-division operator.
: Colon; generates regularly spaced elements and represents an entire row or column.
[ ] Brackets; enclosures array elements.
… Ellipsis; line-continuation operator
; Semicolon; separates columns and suppresses display.
% Percent sign; designates a comment and specifies formatting.
+-*/都知道，^是幂运算
: 形成一个一个有规律间隔的序列：
1:2:10
…连接长语句，一行写不完，加…换到下一行写
% 注释
Command windows神器！！！：
doc 查找帮助文档
dos
现在，command窗口摇身一变，变成啥了呢？
是的，dos（）函数和win+r的运行窗口一样一样的！
命令：
| 命令 | 目的/作用 |
| clc | 清除命令窗口。 |
| clear | 从内存中删除变量。 |
| exist | 检查存在的文件或变量。 |
| global | 声明变量为全局。 |
| help | 搜索帮助主题。 |
| lookfor | 搜索帮助关键字条目。 |
| quit | 停止MATLAB。 |
| who | 列出当前变量。（很好很强大，你值得拥有） |
| whos | 列出当前变量（长显示）。 |
clc，clear,who,whos,help,quit是不是很强大呢，谁用谁知道
who 命令显示所有已经使用的变量名。
whos 命令显示多一点有关变量：
当前内存中的变量
每个变量的类型
内存分配给每个变量
无论他们是复杂的变量与否
clear命令删除所有（或指定）从内存中的变量（S）。
系统命令
MATLAB提供各种有用的命令与系统工作，在工作区中当前的工作，如保存为一个文件，并加载文件。
下表显示了一些常用的系统相关的命令：
| 命令 | 目的/作用 |
| cd | |
| date | 显示当前日期。 |
| delete | 删除一个文件。 |
| diary | 日记文件记录开/关切换。 |
| dir | |
| load | 负载工作区从一个文件中的变量。 |
| path | 显示搜索路径。 |
| pwd | |
| save | 保存在一个文件中的工作区变量。 |
| type | 显示一个文件的内容。 |
| what | |
| wklread | 读取.wk1电子表格文件。 |
Command窗口可以直接使用cd，dir这些命令，是不是很爽呢（其实dos（‘dir’也是可以的）但是，dos（‘cd ..’）并不能更换matlab command的路径）
Edit命令创建文件
3.常量及变量
常量：
ans Most recent answer.
eps Accuracy of floating-yiibai precision.
i,j The imaginary unit √-1.
Inf Infinity.(无穷大)
NaN Undefined numerical result (not a number).
pi The number π(在处理sin(pi / 2)的时候，就是sin90度)
变量
在MATLAB环境下，每一个变量是一个数组或矩阵。
在一个简单的方法，您可以指定变量。例如，
x = 3 % defining x and initializing it with a value
MATLAB将执行上面的语句，并返回以下结果：
x =
3
它创建了一个1-1的矩阵名为x和的值存储在其元素。让我们查看另一个例子，
x = sqrt(16) % defining x and initializing it with an expression
MATLAB将执行上面的语句，并返回以下结果：
x =
4
请注意：
一旦一个变量被输入到系统中，你可以引用它。
变量在使用它们之前，必须有值。
当表达式返回一个结果，不分配给任何变量，系统分配给一个变量命名ans，以后可以使用。
sqrt(78)
MATLAB将执行上面的语句，并返回以下结果：
ans =
8.8318
可以使用这个变量 ans:
9876/ans
MATLAB将执行上面的语句，并返回以下结果：
ans =
1.1182e+03
4.分支语句：
| 语句 | 描述 |
| if ... end statement | An if ... end statement consists of a boolean expression followed by one or more statements. |
| if...else...end statement | An if statement can be followed by an optional else statement, which executes when the boolean expression is false. |
| If... elseif...elseif...else...end statements | An if statement can be followed by an (or more) optional elseif...and an else statement, which is very useful to test various condition. |
| nested if statements | You can use one if or elseif statement inside another if or elseif statement(s). |
| switch statement | A switch statement allows a variable to be tested for equality against a list of values. |
| nested switch statements | You can use one swicth statement inside another switch statement(s). |
在MATLAB 中 switch 语句的语法是：
switch <switch_expression>
case <case_expression>
<statements>
case <case_expression>
<statements>
...
...
otherwise
<statements>
end
5.循环语句：
| while 循环 | 一个给定的条件为真时重复语句或语句组。测试条件才执行循环体。 |
| for 循环 | 执行的语句序列多次缩写管理循环变量的代码。 |
| nested 循环 | 可以使用一个或多个环路内任何另一个循环。 |
| 控制语句 | 描述 |
| break 语句 | 终止循环语句，将执行的语句紧随循环。 |
| continue 语句 | 导致循环，跳过它的身体的其余部分，并立即重新再次测试前的状况。 |
在MATLAB 中 while循环的语法是：
while <expression>
<statements>
end
在MATLAB中的 for循环的语法是：
for index = values
<program statements>
...
end
6.数据类型
Matlab是弱数据类型，可直接复制，先找一个值，再给他赋一个变量名
MATLAB 提供15个基本数据类型。每种数据类型的数据存储在矩阵或阵列的形式。这个矩阵的大小或阵列是一个最低 0-0，这可以长大为任何规模大小的矩阵或数组。
下表显示了在 MATLAB 中最常用的数据类型：
数据类型 描述
int8 8-bit signed integer
uint8 8-bit unsigned integer
int16 16-bit signed integer
uint16 16-bit unsigned integer
int32 32-bit signed integer
uint32 32-bit unsigned integer
int -bit signed integer
uint -bit unsigned integer
single single precision numerical data
double double precision numerical data
logical logical values of 1 or 0, represent true and false respectively
char character data (strings are stored as vector of characters)
cell array array of indexed cells, each capable of storing an array of a different dimension and data type
structure C-like structures, each structure having named fields capable of storing an array of a different dimension and data type
function handle yiibaier to a function
下面这两个说明我们可以调用自己定义的类和java文件
user classes objects constructed from a user-defined class
java classes objects constructed from a Java class
7.运算符
运算符是一个符号，它告诉编译器执行特定的数学或逻辑操作。 MATLAB 设计工作主要是对整个矩阵和阵列。因此，运算符在 MATLAB 工作标和非标量数据。 MATLAB 允许以下类型的基本运算：
l 算术运算符
l 关系运算符
l 逻辑运算符
l 位运算
l 集合运算
算术运算符
MATLAB允许两种不同类型的算术运算：
- 矩阵算术运算
- 阵列算术运算
| 运算符 | 描述 |
| + | 加法或一元加号。A + B将A和B。 A和B必须具有相同的尺寸，除非一个人是一个标量。一个标量，可以被添加到任何大小的矩阵。 |
| - | Subtraction or unary minus. A-B subtracts B from A. A and B must have the same size, unless one is a scalar. A scalar can be subtracted from a matrix of any size. |
| * | Matrix multiplication. C = A*B is the linear algebraic product of the matrices A and B. More precisely,
For nonscalar A and B, the number of columns of A must equal the number of rows of B. A scalar can multiply a matrix of any size. |
| .* | Array multiplication. A.*B is the element-by-element product of the arrays A and B. A and B must have the same size, unless one of them is a scalar. |
| / | Slash or matrix right division. B/A is roughly the same as B*inv(A). More precisely, B/A = (A'B')'. |
| ./ | Array right division. A./B is the matrix with elements A(i,j)/B(i,j). A and B must have the same size, unless one of them is a scalar. |
| Backslash or matrix left division. If A is a square matrix, AB is roughly the same as inv(A)*B, except it is computed in a different way. If A is an n-by-n matrix and B is a column vector with n components, or a matrix with several such columns, then X = AB is the solution to the equation AX = B. A warning message is displayed if A is badly scaled or nearly singular. | |
| . | Array left division. A.B is the matrix with elements B(i,j)/A(i,j). A and B must have the same size, unless one of them is a scalar. |
| ^ | Matrix power. X^p is X to the power p, if p is a scalar. If p is an integer, the power is computed by repeated squaring. If the integer is negative, X is inverted first. For other values of p, the calculation involves eigenvalues and eigenvectors, such that if [V,D] = eig(X), then X^p = V*D.^p/V. |
| .^ | Array power. A.^B is the matrix with elements A(i,j) to the B(i,j) power. A and B must have the same size, unless one of them is a scalar. |
| ' | Matrix transpose. A' is the linear algebraic transpose of A. For complex matrices, this is the complex conjugate transpose. |
| .' | Array transpose. A.' is the array transpose of A. For complex matrices, this does not involve conjugation. |
算术运算功能
除了在上述的算术运算符，MATLAB 用于类似的目的提供了以下的命令/功能：
| 函数 | 描述 |
| uplus(a) | Unary plus; increments by the amount a |
| plus (a,b) | Plus; returns a + b |
| uminus(a) | Unary minus; decrements by the amount a |
| minus(a, b) | Minus; returns a - b |
| times(a, b) | Array multiply; returns a.*b |
| mtimes(a, b) | Matrix multiplication; returns a* b |
| rdivide(a, b) | Right array division; returns a ./ b |
| ldivide(a, b) | Left array division; returns a. b |
| mrdivide(A, B) | Solve systems of linear equations xA = B for x |
| mldivide(A, B) | Solve systems of linear equations Ax = B for x |
| power(a, b) | Array power; returns a.^b |
| mpower(a, b) | Matrix power; returns a ^ b |
| cumprod(A) | Cumulative product; returns an array the same size as the array A containing the cumulative product.
|
| cumprod(A, dim) | Returns the cumulative product along dimension dim. |
| cumsum(A) | Cumulative sum; returns an array A containing the cumulative sum.
|
| cumsum(A, dim) | returns the cumulative sum of the elements along dimension dim. |
| diff(X) | Differences and approximate derivatives; calculates differences between adjacent elements of X.
|
| diff(X,n) | Applies diff recursively n times, resulting in the nth difference. |
| diff(X,n,dim) | It is the nth difference function calculated along the dimension specified by scalar dim. If order n equals or exceeds the length of dimension dim, diff returns an empty array. |
| prod(A) | Product of array elements; returns the product of the array elements of A.
The prod function computes and returns B as single if the input, A, is single. For all other numeric and logical data types, prod computes and returns B as double |
| prod(A,dim) | Returns the products along dimension dim. For example, if A is a matrix, prod(A,2) is a column vector containing the products of each row. |
| prod(___,datatype) | multiplies in and returns an array in the class specified by datatype. |
| sum(A) |
|
| sum(A,dim) | Sums along the dimension of A specified by scalar dim. |
| sum(..., 'double') sum(..., dim,'double') | Perform additions in double-precision and return an answer of type double, even if A has data type single or an integer data type. This is the default for integer data types. |
| sum(..., 'native') sum(..., dim,'native') | Perform additions in the native data type of A and return an answer of the same data type. This is the default for single and double. |
| ceil(A) | Round toward positive infinity; rounds the elements of A to the nearest integers greater than or equal to A. |
| fix(A) | Round toward zero |
| floor(A) | Round toward negative infinity; rounds the elements of A to the nearest integers less than or equal to A. |
| idivide(a, b) idivide(a, b,'fix') | Integer division with rounding option; is the same as a./b except that fractional quotients are rounded toward zero to the nearest integers. |
| idivide(a, b, 'round') | Fractional quotients are rounded to the nearest integers. |
| idivide(A, B, 'floor') | Fractional quotients are rounded toward negative infinity to the nearest integers. |
| idivide(A, B, 'ceil') | Fractional quotients are rounded toward infinity to the nearest integers. |
| mod (X,Y) | Modulus after division; returns X - n.*Y where n = floor(X./Y). If Y is not an integer and the quotient X./Y is within roundoff error of an integer, then n is that integer. The inputs X and Y must be real arrays of the same size, or real scalars (provided Y ~=0). Please note:
|
| rem (X,Y) | Remainder after division; returns X - n.*Y where n = fix(X./Y). If Y is not an integer and the quotient X./Y is within roundoff error of an integer, then n is that integer. The inputs X and Y must be real arrays of the same size, or real scalars(provided Y ~=0). Please note that:
|
| round(X) | Round to nearest integer; rounds the elements of X to the nearest integers. Positive elements with a fractional part of 0.5 round up to the nearest positive integer. Negative elements with a fractional part of -0.5 round down to the nearest negative integer. |
关系运算符
关系运算符标和非标量数据上也能正常工作。关系运算符对数组进行元素元素元素设置为逻辑1（真）的关系是真实的和元素设置为逻辑0（假），它是两个阵列，并返回一个同样大小的逻辑阵列之间的比较。
| 函数 | 描述 |
| eq(a, b) | Tests whether a is equal to b |
| ge(a, b) | Tests whether a is greater than or equal to b |
| gt(a, b) | Tests whether a is greater than b |
| le(a, b) | Tests whether a is less than or equal to b |
| lt(a, b) | Tests whether a is less than b |
| ne(a, b) | Tests whether a is not equal to b |
| isequal | Tests arrays for equality |
| isequaln | Tests arrays for equality, treating NaN values as equal |
下表显示了 MATLAB 中的关系运算符：
| 运算符 | 描述 |
| < | Less than |
| <= | Less than or equal to |
| > | Greater than |
| >= | Greater than or equal to |
| == | Equal to |
| ~= | Not equal to |
逻辑运算符
MATLAB提供了两种类型的逻辑运算符和函数：
- Element-wise -这些运算符的逻辑阵列上运行相应的元素。
- Short-circuit -这些运算上的标量，逻辑表达式。
Element-wise 的逻辑运算符操作元素元素逻辑阵列。符号＆，|和〜逻辑数组运算符AND，OR，NOT。
允许短路短路逻辑运算符，逻辑运算。符号 && 和 | | 是短路逻辑符 AND 和 OR。
除了在上述的逻辑运算符，MATLAB 提供下面的命令或函数用于同样的目的：
| 函数 | 描述 |
| and(A, B) | Finds logical AND of array or scalar inputs; performs a logical AND of all input arrays A, B, etc. and returns an array containing elements set to either logical 1 (true) or logical 0 (false). An element of the output array is set to 1 if all input arrays contain a nonzero element at that same array location. Otherwise, that element is set to 0. |
| not(A) | Finds logical NOT of array or scalar input; performs a logical NOT of input array A and returns an array containing elements set to either logical 1 (true) or logical 0 (false). An element of the output array is set to 1 if the input array contains a zero value element at that same array location. Otherwise, that element is set to 0. |
| or(A, B) | Finds logical OR of array or scalar inputs; performs a logical OR of all input arrays A, B, etc. and returns an array containing elements set to either logical 1 (true) or logical 0 (false). An element of the output array is set to 1 if any input arrays contain a nonzero element at that same array location. Otherwise, that element is set to 0. |
| xor(A, B) | Logical exclusive-OR; performs an exclusive OR operation on the corresponding elements of arrays A and B. The resulting element C(i,j,...) is logical true (1) if A(i,j,...) or B(i,j,...), but not both, is nonzero. |
| all(A) | Determine if all array elements of array A are nonzero or true.
|
| all(A, dim) | Tests along the dimension of A specified by scalar dim. |
| any(A) | Determine if any array elements are nonzero; tests whether any of the elements along various dimensions of an array is a nonzero number or is logical 1 (true). The any function ignores entries that are NaN (Not a Number).
|
| any(A,dim) | Tests along the dimension of A specified by scalar dim. |
| false | Logical 0 (false) |
| false(n) | is an n-by-n matrix of logical zeros |
| false(m, n) | is an m-by-n matrix of logical zeros. |
| false(m, n, p, ...) | is an m-by-n-by-p-by-... array of logical zeros. |
| false(size(A)) | is an array of logical zeros that is the same size as array A. |
| false(...,'like',p) | is an array of logical zeros of the same data type and sparsity as the logical array p. |
| ind = find(X) | Find indices and values of nonzero elements; locates all nonzero elements of array X, and returns the linear indices of those elements in a vector. If X is a row vector, then the returned vector is a row vector; otherwise, it returns a column vector. If X contains no nonzero elements or is an empty array, then an empty array is returned. |
| ind = find(X, k) ind = find(X, k, 'first') | Returns at most the first k indices corresponding to the nonzero entries of X. k must be a positive integer, but it can be of any numeric data type. |
| ind = find(X, k, 'last') | returns at most the last k indices corresponding to the nonzero entries of X. |
| [row,col] = find(X, ...) | Returns the row and column indices of the nonzero entries in the matrix X. This syntax is especially useful when working with sparse matrices. If X is an N-dimensional array with N > 2, col contains linear indices for the columns. |
| [row,col,v] = find(X, ...) | Returns a column or row vector v of the nonzero entries in X, as well as row and column indices. If X is a logical expression, then v is a logical array. Output v contains the non-zero elements of the logical array obtained by evaluating the expression X. |
| islogical(A) | Determine if input is logical array; returns true if A is a logical array and false otherwise. It also returns true if A is an instance of a class that is derived from the logical class. |
| logical(A) | Convert numeric values to logical; returns an array that can be used for logical indexing or logical tests. |
| true | Logical 1 (true) |
| true(n) | is an n-by-n matrix of logical ones. |
| true(m, n) | is an m-by-n matrix of logical ones. |
| true(m, n, p, ...) | is an m-by-n-by-p-by-... array of logical ones. |
| true(size(A)) | is an array of logical ones that is the same size as array A. |
| true(...,'like', p) | is an array of logical ones of the same data type and sparsity as the logical array p. |
位运算
位运算符位和执行位位操作。 ＆，|和^的真值表如下：
| p | q | p & q | p | q | p ^ q |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
假设如果A= 60，B =13，他们现在以二进制格式将如下：
A = 0011 1100
B = 0000 1101
-----------------
A&B = 0000 1100
A|B = 0011 1101
A^B = 0011 0001
~A = 1100 0011
MATLAB提供位运算，如'位'，'位'和'位不操作，移位操作等各种函数
以下的表格显示了常用的按位运算：
| 函数 | 目的/作用 |
| bitand(a, b) | Bit-wise AND of integers a and b |
| bitcmp(a) | Bit-wise complement of a |
| bitget(a,pos) | Get bit at specified position pos, in the integer array a |
| bitor(a, b) | Bit-wise OR of integers a and b |
| bitset(a, pos) | Set bit at specific location pos of a |
| bitshift(a, k) | Returns a shifted to the left by k bits, equivalent to multiplying by 2k. Negative values of k correspond to shifting bits right or dividing by 2|k| and rounding to the nearest integer towards negative infinite. Any overflow bits are truncated. |
| bitxor(a, b) | Bit-wise XOR of integers a and b |
| swapbytes | Swap byte ordering |
MATLAB提供各种功能集合运算，如集，交集和测试组成员等。
下表显示了一些常用的设置操作：
| 函数 | 描述 |
| intersect(A,B) | Set intersection of two arrays; returns the values common to both A and B. The values returned are in sorted order. |
| intersect(A,B,'rows') | Treats each row of A and each row of B as single entities and returns the rows common to both A and B. The rows of the returned matrix are in sorted order. |
| ismember(A,B) | Returns an array the same size as A, containing 1 (true) where the elements of A are found in B. Elsewhere, it returns 0 (false). |
| ismember(A,B,'rows') | Treats each row of A and each row of B as single entities and returns a vector containing 1 (true) where the rows of matrix A are also rows of B. Elsewhere, it returns 0 (false). |
| issorted(A) | Returns logical 1 (true) if the elements of A are in sorted order and logical 0 (false) otherwise. Input A can be a vector or an N-by-1 or 1-by-N cell array of strings. A is considered to be sorted if A and the output of sort(A) are equal. |
| issorted(A, 'rows') | Returns logical 1 (true) if the rows of two-dimensional matrix A are in sorted order, and logical 0 (false) otherwise. Matrix A is considered to be sorted if A and the output of sortrows(A) are equal. |
| setdiff(A,B) | Set difference of two arrays; returns the values in A that are not in B. The values in the returned array are in sorted order. |
| setdiff(A,B,'rows') | Treats each row of A and each row of B as single entities and returns the rows from A that are not in B. The rows of the returned matrix are in sorted order. The 'rows' option does not support cell arrays. |
| setxor | Set exclusive OR of two arrays |
| union | Set union of two arrays |
| unique | Unique values in array |
集合运算：
| 函数 | 描述 |
| intersect(A,B) | Set intersection of two arrays; returns the values common to both A and B. The values returned are in sorted order. |
| intersect(A,B,'rows') | Treats each row of A and each row of B as single entities and returns the rows common to both A and B. The rows of the returned matrix are in sorted order. |
| ismember(A,B) | Returns an array the same size as A, containing 1 (true) where the elements of A are found in B. Elsewhere, it returns 0 (false). |
| ismember(A,B,'rows') | Treats each row of A and each row of B as single entities and returns a vector containing 1 (true) where the rows of matrix A are also rows of B. Elsewhere, it returns 0 (false). |
| issorted(A) | Returns logical 1 (true) if the elements of A are in sorted order, and logical 0 (false) otherwise. Input A can be a vector or an N-by-1 or 1-by-N cell array of strings. A is considered to be sorted if A and the output of sort(A) are equal. |
| issorted(A, 'rows') | Returns logical 1 (true) if the rows of two-dimensional matrix A are in sorted order, and logical 0 (false) otherwise. Matrix A is considered to be sorted if A and the output of sortrows(A) are equal. |
| setdiff(A,B) | Set difference of two arrays; returns the values in A that are not in B. The values in the returned array are in sorted order. |
| setdiff(A,B,'rows') | Treats each row of A and each row of B as single entities and returns the rows from A that are not in B. The rows of the returned matrix are in sorted order. The 'rows' option does not support cell arrays. |
| setxor | Set exclusive OR of two arrays |
| union | Set union of two arrays |
| unique | Unique values in array |
格式命令
默认情况下，MATLAB 四个小数位值显示数字。这就是所谓的 short format.
format long e(科学计数法显示结果)
但是，如果想更精确，需要使用 format 命令。
长(long ) 命令格式显示小数点后16位。
format long 16
short 4
bank 2
format rat 格式大鼠命令给出最接近的有理表达式，从计算所得。例如，
format rat
4.678 * 4.9
MATLAB将执行上面的语句，并返回以下结果：
ans =
2063/90
输入和输出命令
MATLAB提供了以下输入和输出相关的命令：
| 命令 | 作用/目的 |
| disp | 显示一个数组或字符串的内容。 |
| fscanf | 阅读从文件格式的数据。 |
| format | 控制屏幕显示的格式。 |
| fprintf | 执行格式化写入到屏幕或文件。 |
| input | 显示提示并等待输入。 |
| ; | 禁止显示网版印刷 |
fscanf和fprintf命令的行为像C scanf和printf函数。他们支持格式如下代码：
| 格式代码 | 目的/作用 |
| %s | Format as a string. |
| %d | Format as an integer. |
| %f | Format as a floating yiibai value. |
| %e | Format as a floating yiibai value in scientific notation. |
| %g | Format in the most compact form: %f or %e. |
| Insert a new line in the output string. | |
| Insert a tab in the output string. |
用于数字显示格式的函数有以下几种形式：
| Format函数 | 最多可显示 |
| format short | Four decimal digits (default). |
| format long | 16 decimal digits. |
| format short e | Five digits plus exponent. |
| format long e | 16 digits plus exponents. |
| format bank | Two decimal digits. |
| format + | Positive, negative, or zero. |
| format rat | Rational approximation. |
| format compact | Suppresses some line feeds. |
| format loose | Resets to less compact display mode. |
向量，矩阵和阵列命令
下表列出了各种命令用于工作数组，矩阵和向量：
| 命令 | 作用/目的 |
| cat | Concatenates arrays.连接数组 |
| find | Finds indices of nonzero elements. |
| length | Computes number of elements. |
| linspace | Creates regularly spaced vector. |
| logspace | Creates logarithmically spaced vector. |
| max | Returns largest element. |
| min | Returns smallest element. |
| prod | Product of each column. |
| reshape | Changes size. |
| size | Computes array size. |
| sort | Sorts each column. |
| sum | Sums each column. |
| eye | Creates an identity matrix. 创建单位矩阵 |
| ones | Creates an array of ones. 创建一个1的数组 |
| zeros | Creates an array of zeros. 创建一个0数组 |
| cross | Computes matrix cross products.计算矩阵交叉积 |
| dot | Computes matrix dot products. 点积 |
| det | Computes determinant of an array.计算行列式 |
| inv | Computes inverse of a matrix.计算行列式的逆 |
| pinv | Computes pseudoinverse of a matrix.计算行列式的违逆 |
| rank | Computes rank of a matrix.计算行列式的秩 |
| rref | Computes reduced row echelon form. |
| cell | Creates cell array. |
| celldisp | Displays cell array. |
| cellplot | Displays graphical representation of cell array. |
| num2cell | Converts numeric array to cell array. |
| deal | Matches input and output lists. |
| iscell | Identifies cell array. |
MATLAB提供了大量的命令，绘制图表。下表列出了一些常用的命令绘制：
| 命令 | 作用/目的 |
| axis | Sets axis limits. |
| fplot | Intelligent plotting of functions. |
| grid | Displays gridlines. |
| plot | Generates xy plot. |
| | Prints plot or saves plot to a file. |
| title | Puts text at top of plot. |
| xlabel | Adds text label to x-axis. |
| ylabel | Adds text label to y-axis. |
| axes | Creates axes objects. |
| close | Closes the current plot. |
| close all | Closes all plots. |
| figure | Opens a new figure window. |
| gtext | Enables label placement by mouse. |
| hold | Freezes current plot. |
| legend | Legend placement by mouse. |
| refresh | Redraws current figure window. |
| set | Specifies properties of objects such as axes. |
| subplot | Creates plots in subwindows. |
| text | Places string in figure. |
| bar | Creates bar chart. |
| loglog | Creates log-log plot. |
| polar | Creates polar plot. |
| semilogx | Creates semilog plot. (logarithmic abscissa). |
| semilogy | Creates semilog plot. (logarithmic ordinate). |
| stairs | Creates stairs plot. |
| stem | Creates stem plot. |